考博英语试题.docx

考博英语试题.docx

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考博英语试题

EnglishEntranceExaminationforDoctoralCandidates

GraduateSchoolofCAAS,2006

PartOneVocabulary（30points）

SectionA

Directions:

ChoosetheonewordorphrasewhichyouthinkclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedpartofthesentenceinitscontextandmarkyourchoicesontheANSWERSHEET.

1.Aperson’scalorierequirementsvary_____hislife.

A.acrossB.throughoutC.overD.within

2.Wehadto______alotofnoisewhenthechildrenwereathome.

A.goinforB.holdontoC.putupwithD.keeppacewith

3.Althoughtheyplanttreesinthisareaeveryyear,thetopsofsomehillsarestill_____.

A.blankB.vacantC.hollowD.bare

4.Hespendshistimein_____complaintsratherthanacting.

A.fragileB.fertileC.frangibleD.futile

5.Asthesocietyhasrigidsocial_____,everyoneknowshisroleinthesociety.

A.hemisphereB.contemptC.controversyD.hierarchy

6.Anypersonwhoisin_____whileawaitingtrialisconsideredinnocentuntilhehasbeendeclaredguilty.

A.jeopardyB.custodyC.suspicionD.probation

7.ThattragedydistressedmesomuchthatIusedtokeepindoorsandgooutonly_____necessity.

A.withininreachofB.forfearofC.bymeansofD.incaseof

8.Peopleinnately_____forsuperiorityovertheirpeersalthoughitsometimestakestheformofanexaggeratedlustforpower.

A.striveB.ascertainC.justifyD.adhere

9.Propercloth_____formuchinbusiness.That’swhyyouseemostbusinesspeopledressformally.

A.countB.accountC.allowD.care

10.Sometimesartistsfindithardfrotheirworkstowinpopular_____.

A.welcomeB.applauseC.appetiteD.appreciation

11.Sick_____sheis,shegoestoworkasusual.

A.thoughB.sinceC.forD.as

12.ThereislittlereasontobelievethattheUnitedStateswill_____fromitsstatedgoalofregimechangeinIraq.

A.backdownB.blowoffC.popupD.stepup

13.Aswehaveseen,propagandacanappealtousbyarousingouremotionsor_____ourattentionfromtherealissuesathand.

A.retainingB.sustainingC.distractingD.obscuring

14.Theappearanceoftheusedcaris_____,it’smuchnewerthatitreallyis.

A.descriptiveB.indicativeC.deceptiveD.impressive

15.Thechiefeditorthoughthetooksomelibertieswiththeoriginalintranslation.Soitwasnecessarythathemakethe_____suggested.

A.alterationsB.alternativesC.alternationsD.altercations

SectionB

Directions:

ChooseforeachblankthewordorphrasethatcanbestcompletethesentenceandmarkyourchoicesontheANSWERSHEET.

16.Everyonewhoheardthestoryfounditincredible.

A.irresistibleB.immaterialC.unbelievableD.nonsensical

17.Boneandivoryarelight,strong,andaccessiblematerialsforInuit（anAmericantribe）artist.

A.distinctiveB.economicalC.availableD.optional

18.Icecanbeusedtokeepfoodfromspoiling.

A.rottingB.agingC.tougheningD.evaporating

19.Theplaywashilarious!

A.merryB.prudishC.sedateD.prodigious

20.Generalacceptanceof3-Dfilmsmayprovehardtocomebyastheexperienceofthreedecadesageindicated.

A.obtainB.explainC.understandD.discern

21.Themostprolificwriterisnotnecessarilythebest.

A.gaudyB.productiveC.artfulD.religious

22.Theideaoftimeisincorporatedalllanguagesoftheworld.

A.assignedB.containedC.indicatedD.evidenced

23.Thejudgeremainedsoberdespitethelawyer’sludicrousattempttoprovethedefendant’sinnocence.

A.sadB.sorryC.seriousD.surprised

24.Theyounggirlshowedwonderfulfacilityforlearninglanguages.

A.likingB.imaginationC.delightD.aptitude

25.Heisconstantlylate,andill-preparedwhenhedoesfinallyarrive.Heisjeopardizinghisfuture.

A.developingB.endangeringC.assuringD.destroying

26.Icontend,quietbluntly,thatmarkingupabookisnotactofmutilationbutoflove.

A.respectB.possessionC.dominanceD.destruction

27.Whenanewspaperprintsaninaccuratedateforanevent,universalchagrinresult.

A.discomfitureB.possessionC.dominanceD.destruction

28.Inhisopinion,theobjectiontobarbaritydoesnotmeanthatcapitalpunishmentshouldnotgoon.

A.adversityB.savageryC.habitatD.integrity

29.Therearsectionofthebraindoesnotcontractwithage,andonecancontinuelivingwithoutintellectualoremotionalfaculties.

A.advancedB.growingC.frontD.back

30.Teachersofyoungchildrenshouldscrupulouslyavoidridiculeandsarcasm.

A.theoreticallyB.naivelyC.diligentlyD.confidently

PartTwoReadingComprehension（30points,1.5pointseach）

Directions:

Inthissection,therearefourpassages.ReadthepassagesandquestionscarefullyandmakeyourchoicesthatyouthinkwouldbestcompletethestatementsorbestanswerthequestionsbymarkingthemontheANSWERSHEET.

PassageOne

Thewordscienceisheardsoofteninmoderntimesthatalmosteverybodyhassomenotionofitsmeaning.Ontheotherhand,itsdefinitionisdifficultformanypeople.Themeaningofthetermisconfused,buteveryoneshouldunderstanditsmeaningandobjectives.Justtomaketheexplanationassimpleaspossible,supposescienceisdefinedasclassifiedknowledge（facts）.

Eveninthetruesciencesdistinguishingfactfromfictionisnotalwayseasy.Forthisreasongreatcareshouldbetakentodistinguishbetweenbeliefsandtruths.Thereisnodangeraslongasacleardifferenceismadebetweentemporaryandprovedexplanations.Forexample,hypothesesandtheoriesareattemptstoexplainnaturalphenomena.Fromthesepositionsthescientistexplanationshouldbeclearlylabeledtoavoidconfusion.

Theobjectivesofscienceareprimarilythediscoveryandthesubsequentunderstandingoftheunknown.Mancannotbesatisfiedwithrecognizingthatsecretsexistinnatureorthatquestionsareunanswerable;hemustsolvethem.Towardthatendspecialistsinthefieldofbiologyandrelatedfieldsofinterestaredirectingmuchoftheirtimeandenergy.

Actually,twobasicapproachesleadtothediscoveryofnewinformation.One,aimedatsatisfyingcuriosity,isreferredtoaspurescience.Theotherisaimedatusingknowledgeforspecificpurpose—Forinstance,improvinghealth,raisingstandardsofliving,orcreatingnewconsumerproducts.Inthiscaseknowledgeisputtoeconomicuse.Suchanapproachisreferredoasappliedscience.

Sometimespractical-mindedpeoplemissthepointofpurescienceinthinkingonlyofitsimmediateapplicationforeconomicrewards.Chemistsresponsibleformanyofthediscoveriescouldhardlyhaveanticipatedthattheirfindingswouldonedayresultinapplicationofsuchapracticalnatureasthosedirectlyrelatedtolifeanddeath.Thediscoveriesofonebitofinformationopensthedoortothediscoveryofanother.Somediscoveriesseemsosimplethatoneisamazedtheywerenotmadeyearsago;however,oneshouldrememberthattheconstructionofthemicroscopehadtoprecedethediscoveryofthecell.Thehostofscientistsdedicatingtheirlivestopuresciencearenotapologeticaboutignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries;theyknowfromexperiencethatmostknowledgeiseventuallyapplied.

31.Todefinesciencewemaysimplycallit______.

A.thestudyofunrelatedsubjects

B.anattempttoexplainnaturalphenomena

C.thestudyofunrelatedfields

D.classifiedknowledge

32.Whyshouldpeoplepaymoreattentiontodistinguishbetweenbeliefsandtruths?

A.Becausethemeaningoftheterms“science”isoftenconfused.

B.Becauseitisveryhardtodistinguishfactfromfiction.

C.Becausebothbeliefsandtruthsareveryimportantinscientificresearch.

D.Becausethereisnodangeraslongasacleardifferenceismadebetweentemporaryandprovedexplanations.

33.Purescience,leasingtotheconstructionofamicroscope,______.

A.mayleadtoantiscientific,“impure”results

B.necessarilyprecedesappliedscience,leadingtothediscoveryofacell

C.isnotalwaysaspureaswesuppose

D.necessarilyresultsfromappliedscienceandthediscoveryofacell

34.Ascientistinterestedinaddingtoourgeneralknowledgeaboutoxygenwouldprobablycall_____inhisapproach.

A.appliedscience

B.agriculturescience

C.purescience

D.environmentalscience

35.Whichofthefollowingstatementsdoestheauthorimply?

A.Scientistsengagedintheoreticalresearchshouldnotbeblamedforignoringthepracticalsideoftheirdiscoveries.

B.Todayfewpeoplehaveanynotionsofthemeaningofscience.

C.Inscience,itisnotdifficulttodistinguishfactfromfiction.

D.Practical-mindedpeoplecanunderstandthemeaningandobjectivesofpurescience.

36.Thebesttitleforthepassageis_____.

A.TheNatureofScienceandScientists

B.BiologyandtheScientificAge

C.HypothesesandTheories

D.OnDistinguishingFactfromFiction

PassageTwo

CantheInternethelppatientsjumpthelineatthedoctor’soffice?

TheSiliconValleyEmployersForum,asophisticatedgroupoftechnologycompanies,islaughingapilotprogramtotestonline“virtualvisits”betweendoctorsatthreebiglocalmedicalgroupsandabout6,000employeesandtheirfamilies.ThesixemployerstakingpartintheSiliconValleyinitiative,includingheavyhitterssuchasOracleandCiscoSystems,hopethatonlinevisitswillmeanemployeeswon’thavetoskipworktotendtominorailmentsortofollowuponchronicconditions.“Withourlongcommutesandtraffic,driving40milestoyourdoctorinyourhometowncanbeabigclunkoftime,”saysCindyConway,benefitsdirectora