学年河北省石家庄市普通高中高二上学期月考英语试题Word版.docx

学年河北省石家庄市普通高中高二上学期月考英语试题Word版.docx

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学年河北省石家庄市普通高中高二上学期月考英语试题Word版

石家庄市普通高中2018-2019学年第一学期10月考试卷

高二英语

（考试时间：

90分钟满分：

150分）

一、阅读理解（总分40，每题2分）

A

    Hereisanastonishingandsignificantfact:

Mentalworkalonecan’tmakeustired.Itsoundsabsurd.Butafewyearsago,scientiststriedtofindouthowlongthehumanbraincouldlaborwithoutreachingastageoffatigue（疲劳）.Totheamazementofthesescientists,theydiscoveredthatbloodpassingthroughthebrain,whenitisactive,showsnofatigueatall!

Ifwetookadropofbloodfromadaylaborer,wewouldfinditfulloffatiguetoxins（毒素）andfatigueproducts.ButifwetookbloodfromthebrainofanAlbertEinstein,itwouldshownofatiguetoxinsattheendoftheday.

    Sofarasthebrainisconcerned,itcanworkaswellandswiftlyattheendofeightoreventwelvehoursofeffortasatthebeginning.Thebrainistotallytireless.Sowhatmakesustired?

    Somescientistsdeclarethatmostofourfatiguecomesfromourmentalandemotional（情感的）attitudes.OneofEngland’smostoutstandingscientists,J.A.Hadfield,says,“Thegreaterpartofthefatiguefromwhichwesufferisofmentalorigin.Infact,fatigueofpurelyphysicaloriginisrare.”Dr.Brill,afamousAmericanscientist,goesevenfurther.Hedeclares,“Onehundredpercentofthefatigueofasittingworkeringoodhealthisduetoemotionalproblems.”

    Whatkindsofemotionsmakesittingworkerstired?

Joy?

Satisfaction?

No!

Afeelingofbeingbored,anger,anxiety,tenseness,worry,afeelingofnotbeingappreciated—thosearetheemotionsthattiresittingworkers.Hardworkbyitselfseldomcausesfatigue.Wegettiredbecauseouremotionsproducenervousnessinthebody.

1.Whatsurprisedthescientistsafewyearsago?

A.Fatiguetoxinscouldhardlybefoundinalaborer’sblood.

B.AlbertEinsteindidn’tfeelwornoutafteraday’swork.

C.Thebraincouldworkformanyhourswithoutfatigue.

D.Amentalworker'sbloodwasfilledwithfatiguetoxins.

2.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingcanmakesittingworkerstired?

A.Challengingmentalwork.B.Unpleasantemotions.

C.Endlesstasks.D.Physicallabor.

3.What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthescientists’ideas?

A.Heagreeswiththem.B.Hedoubtsthem.

C.Hearguesagainstthem.D.Hehesitatestoacceptthem.

4.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatinordertostayenergetic,sittingworkersneedto______.

A.havesomegoodfoodB.enjoytheirwork

C.exerciseregularlyD.discoverfatiguetoxins

B

   Itravelalot,andIfindoutdifferent“styles”（风格）ofdirectionseverytimeIask“HowcanIgettothepostoffice?

”

   Foreigntouristsareoftenconfused（困惑的）inJapanbecausemoststreetstheredon’thavenames;inJapan,peopleuselandmarks（地标）intheirdirectionsinsteadofstreetnames.Forexample,theJapanesewillsaytotravelers,“Gostraightdowntothecorner.Turnleftatthebighotelandgopastafruitmarket.Thepostofficeisacrossfromthebusstop.”

    InthecountrysideoftheAmericanMidwest,therearenotusuallymanylandmarks.Therearenomountains,sothelandisveryflat;inmanyplacestherearenotownsorbuildingswithinmiles.Insteadoflandmarks,peoplewilltellyoudirectionsanddistances.InKansasorIowa,forexample,peoplewillsay,"Gonorthtwomiles.Turneast,andthengoanothermile."

   PeopleinLosAngeles,California,havenoideaofdistanceonthemap;theymeasuredistanceintime,notmiles.“Howfarawayisthepostoffice?

”youask.“Oh,”theyanswer,“it’saboutfiveminutesfromhere.’’Yousay,“Yes,buthowmanymilesawayisit?

”Theydon’tknow.

   It’struethatapersondoesn’tknowtheanswertoyourquestionsometimes.Whathappensinsuchasituation?

ANewYorkermightsay,wSorry,Ihavenoidea.ButinYucatan,Mexico,nooneanswers“Idon'tknow."PeopleinYucatanbelievethat“Idon'tknow"isimpolite.Theyusuallygiveananswer,oftenawrongone.Atouristcangetvery,verylostinYucatan!

5.WhenatouristaskstheJapanesethewaytoacertainplace,theyusually                     .

A.describetheplacecarefullyB.showhimamapoftheplace

C.tellhimthenamesofthestreetsD.refertorecognizablebuildingsandplaces

6.Whichistheplacewherepeoplemeasuredistanceintime?

A.NewYork.B.LosAngeles.C.Kansas.D.Iowa.

7.PeopleinYucatanmaygiveatouristawronganswer                  .

A.inordertosavetimeB.asatest

C.soastobepoliteD.forfun

8.whatcanwe inferfromthetext?

A.It'simportantfortravelerstounderstandculturaldifferences.

B.It'susefulfortravelerstoknowhowtoaskthewayproperly.

C.Peoplehavesimilarunderstandingsofpoliteness.

D.NewYorkersaregenerallyfriendlytovisitors

C

    We’vereachedastrange–somewouldsayunusual–point.WhilefightingworldhungercontinuestobethematterofvitalimportanceaccordingtoarecentreportfromtheWorldHealthOrganization,morepeoplenowdiefrombeingoverweight,orsay,frombeingextremelyfat,thanfrombeingunderweight.It’sthegoodlifethat’smorelikelytokillusthesedays.

    Worsestill,nearly18millionchildrenundertheageoffivearoundtheworldareestimatedtobeoverweight.What’sgoingon?

    Wereallydon’thavemanyexcusesforourweightproblems.Thedangersoftheproblemhavebeendrilledintousbypublic–healthcampaignssince2001andthemessageisgettingthrough-uptoapoint.

    Inthe1970s,Finland,forexample,hadthehighestrateofheartdiseaseintheworldandbeingoverweightwasitsmaincause.Notanymore.Apublic–healthcampaignhasgreatlyreducedthenumberofheartdiseasedeathsby80percentoverthepastthreedecades.

    MaybethatexplainswhythepercentageofpeopleinFinlandtakingdietpillsdoubledbetween2001and2005,anddoctorsevenoffersurgeryofremovingfatinsideandchangetheshapeofthebody.Thathasbecomeasortoffashion.Nowonderitranksastheworld’smostbody–consciouscountry.

    Weknowwhatweshouldbedoingtoloseweight—butactuallydoingitisanothermatter.Byfarthemostpopularexcuseisnottakingenoughexercise.Morethanhalfofusadmitwelackwillpower.Othersblamegoodfood.Theysay:

it’sjusttooinvitinganditmakesthemovereat.StillotherslaytheblameontheAmericans,complainingthatpoundshavepiledonthankstoeatingtoomuchAmerican–stylefastfood.

    Somealsoblametheirparents—theirgenes.Butunfortunately,theparentsarewrongedbecausethey’renormalinshape,orratherslim.

    It’sasimilarstoryaroundtheworld,althoughpeoplearerelativelyunlikelytohavetriedtoloseweight.Parentsareeagertoseetheirkidsshapeup.DoasIsay—notasIdo.

9.What’sthe“strange”pointmentionedinthefirstsentence?

A.Thegoodlifeisagreaterriskthanthebadlife.

B.Starvationistakingmorepeople’slivesintheworld.

C.WHOreportshowspeople’sunawarenessoffoodsafety.

D.OverweightissueremainsunresolveddespiteWHO’sefforts.

10.Whydoestheauthorthinkthatpeoplehavenoexcuseforbeingoverweight?

A.Alotofeffectivedietpillsareavailable.

B.Bodyimagehasnothingtodowithgoodfood.

C.Theyhavebeenmadefullyawareofitsdangers.

D.Therearetoomanyoverweightpeopleintheworld.

11.TheexampleofFinlandisusedtoillustrate_______.

A.thecauseofheartdiseaseB.therearetoomanyoverweightpeopleintheworld

C.theeffectivenessofacampaignD.thefashionofbodyshaping

12.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ActionsorExcusesB.OverweightorUnderweight

C.WHOinaDilemmaD.NoLongerDyingofHunger

D

    HomestayprovidesEnglishlanguagestudentswiththeopportunitytospeakEnglishoutsidetheclassroomandtheexperienceofbeingpartofaBritishhome.

    WhattoExpect

    Thehostwillprovideaccommodationandmeals.Roomswillbecleanedandbedcoverschangedatleastonceaweek.Youwillbegiventhehousekeyandthehostistheretoofferhelpandadviceaswellastotakeaninterestinyourphysicalandmentalhealth.

    AccommodationZones

    HomestaysarelocatedinLondonmainlyinZones2,3and4ofthetransportsystem.MosthostsdonotliveinthetowncentreasmuchofcentralLondoniscommercialandnotresidential居住的）Zones3and4oftenofferlargeraccommodationinalesscrowdedarea.ItisveryconvenienttotravelinLondonbyUnderground.

    MealPlansAvailable

☆ContinentalBreakfast

☆BreakfastandDinner

☆Breakfast,PackedLunchandDinner

    It'simportanttonotethatfewEnglishfamiliesstillprovideatraditionalcookedbreakfast.YouraccommodationincludesContinentalBreakfastwhichnormallyconsistsoffruitjuice,cereal（谷物类食品）,breadandteaorcoffee.Cheese,fruitandcoldmeatarenotnormallypartofaContinentalBreakfastinEngland.Dinnersusuallyconsistofmeatorfishwithvegetablesfollowedbydessert,fruitandcoffee.

    Friends

    Ifyouwishtoinviteafriendovertovisit,youmustfirstaskyourhost5spermission.Youhavenorighttoentertainfriendsinafamilyhomeassomefamiliesfeelitisaninvasionoftheirprivacy.

    Self-CateringAccommodationinPrivateHomes

    Accommodationonaroom一onlybasisincludessharedkitchenandbathroomfacilitiesandoftenamainlivingroom.Thiskindofaccommodationoffersanindependentlifestyleandismoresuitableforthelong-staystudent.However,itdoesnotprovidethesamefamilyatmosphereasanordinaryhomestayandmaynotbenefitthosewhoneedtopractiseEnglishathomequiteasmuch.

13.Thepassageisprobablywrittenfor         .

A.hostswillingtoreceiveforeignstudents

B.foreignershopingtobuildBritishculture

C.travellersplanningtovisitfamiliesinLondon

D.EnglishlearnersapplyingtoliveinEnglishhomes

14.Whichoft