建筑环境设备与景观艺术的融合性研究.docx
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建筑环境设备与景观艺术的融合性研究
附件2：
本科毕业论文
题目：
建筑环境设备与景观艺术
的融合性研究
院（部）：
市政与环境工程学院
专业：
建筑环境与设备工程
班级：
2015级
姓名：
陈铮
学号：
20151029
指导教师：
完成日期：
2017年月日
目录
摘要··································································Ⅲ
ABSTRACT····························································Ⅳ
1导论·································································1
1.1研究背景····························································1
1.1.1选题背景··························································3
1.1.2研究意义··························································5
1.2研究现状·····························································8
1.2.1国外研究现状······················································8
1.2.2国内研究现状····················································12
1.3主要内容·······················································18
1.4研究方法····························································21
1.4.1研究理论方法·····················································23
1.4.2实践研究方法·····················································23
1.4.3跨学科的视野和综合交叉的研究方法·································26
1.4.4研究的取材及应用················································29
1.5小结·······························································30
2相关理论研究························································30
2.1与景观艺术相关的设备工程设计原则····································32
2.1.1室内空气环境·····················································35
2.1.2供暖工程·························································38
2.1.3通风工程·························································45
2.1.4空气调节工程·····················································55
2.2设备工程与建筑设计的结合············································56
2.3与室内设计相关的设备专业理论·········································5
2.3.1大型商业建筑空调设计··············································5
2.3.2大餐厅空调设计····················································5
2.3.3宾馆大堂空调设计··················································5
2.4与外环境设计相关的设备专业理论·······································5
2.4.1地下车库建筑通风防排烟设计········································5
2.4.2地下商业建筑空调设计··············································5
2.4.3地下人防建筑通风空调防排烟设计····································5
3对景观设计有影响的设备尺度估算·····································5
3.1大型商场中央空调设备尺度估算········································32
3.1.1风量估算·························································35
3.1.2风管风口尺寸估算·················································38
3.1.3空调机房面积估算·················································45
3.1.4估算举例·························································55
3.2大型地下商场室外新风排风设备估算·····································8
3.2.1新风量计算理论研究················································8
3.2.2估算举例························································12
3.3地下汽车库通风防排烟风道尺度估算·····································8
4环境设计中设备元素的艺术处理······································30
4.1暖通空调设备与建筑装饰装修的关系····································32
4.2供暖设备与环境的协调及配合·········································35
4.2.1地板辐射·························································8
4.2.2装饰型散热器····················································12
4.2.3室内外管线的敷设·················································12
4.3空调设备与顶棚设计的协调及配合······································35
4.3.1悬吊式顶棚构造··················································8
4.3.2悬吊式顶棚类型···················································12
4.3.3典型悬吊式顶棚中风口的构造处理······························
5室内外环境设备与景观设计的融合方法
5.1设备与室内景观设计的融合············································
5.1.1顶棚设计样式······················································
5.1.2风口与室内界面的协调处理········································
5.1.3管线与室内界面的协调处理········································
5.2设备与室外景观设计的融合···········································
5.2.1设备与建筑外环境设计的结合·····································
5.2.2地下建筑设备与地上景观设计结合的实例分析····················
6结论
6.1融合的基本原则············································
6.1.1人性化原则······················································
6.1.2经济生态原则···········································
6.1.3艺术效果原则···········································
6.2融合问题的解决方法··············································
6.2.1景观建筑设计师需考虑各专业的设计需求，统一规划······················
6.2.2设备专业设计师需考虑景观艺术效果···········
6.2.3与设备厂家联合创造新产品···········
6.3我国未来暖通空调设备的艺术化设计前景预测······························
谢辞··································································57
参考文献·······························································58
附录··································································59
摘要
工业革命以来，人们开始采用机械方法来调节建筑环境，随着科学技术的不断进步，人们通过技术手段控制建筑环境的能力越来越强。
但建筑环境设备的艺术表现以及其美学价值，在艺术设计领域却很少被深入讨论。
于是，对于景观设计师来说，建筑环境设备该如何与景观艺术相融合就成为一个较难解决的问题。
本文的主要研究对象分为室内景观与室外景观两个部分。
室内部分主要研究大型公共建筑中室内吊顶中的空调风口、风管与景观设计的结合。
室外部分主要研究有较大地下建筑的城市广场中空调通风防排烟的风口与景观艺术的融合。
将从以下两个方面进行研究。
其一，设备尺度与整体景观环境相融合。
设备的尺度是影响景观设计的重要因素，这是景观设计师首先需要考虑的。
在设计室内吊顶时，需要估算出风口面积、风道高度，在设计室外景观时，地下建筑的室外新风口、排风口的大小也需要计算。
因此，景观设计师需要了解与景观环境设计相关的环境控制原理、设计规范以及景观环境中设备大小的估算方法。
这是本文研究的内容之一。
另一方面，要对设备元素进行艺术处理，而且景观设计师要注重与暖通设计相结合的方法。
室内部分中，笔者通过调研大型商场、宾馆、餐厅中常见的各种吊顶与风口的结合方式和构造处理方式，以期能为创造更新颖多样的吊顶形式及设备提供思路：
室外部分中，笔者调研了国内许多有地下车库、商场、人防的城市广场中的封口设备与景观设计的结合方式，并总结了国内外许多开放空间中环境设备的艺术处理手法。
为了创造怡人的建筑环境，需要建筑、景观与设备专业人员在设计过程中多交流，坚持人性化、生态经济、艺术性的设计原则，并联合设备厂家创造造型新颖美观、规格多样、材质丰富的设备产品。
在我国，这项研究起步较晚，但其具有极强的现实意义和紧迫性，具有很广的研究前景。
本文的研究对景观设计人员及建筑环境设备专业人员有知道意义，另外，对生产环境设备的厂家有借鉴意义。
关键词：
建筑环境设备；景观艺术；融合
StudyontheFusionof
ConstructionEnvironmentEquipmentandLandscapeArt
ABSTRACT
SinceIndustrialRevolution,themechanicalmethodhasbeenusedtoadjusttheconstructionenvironment.Withthedevelopmentandprogressofscienceandtechnology,peoplearemoreandmorecapableofcontrollingconstructionenvironmentthroughthetechnicalmethod.Butvirtually,theartisticperformanceandestheticsvalueofconstructionenvironmentequipmentwiththelandscapeartbecomesanintractableproblem.
Thefocusofthisresearchisdividedintotwoparts,theindoorlandscapeandoutsidelandscape.Inthefirstpart,wemainlytalkingaboutthecombinationofequipmentofair-conditioningwithsuspendedceilingdesigninthelarge-scalepublicarchitecture.Intheotherpart,westudythecombinationofventilationandair-conditioningequipmentoftheundergroundarchitecturewiththelandscapeartdesignofthecitysquareonit.Theresearchwillbestudiedfromthefollowingtwoaspects.
Ontheonehand,theequipmentcriterionshouldbeconsideredwiththeoveralllandscapeenvironment.Thedimensionoftheequipmentstronglyaffectsthelandscapedesign.Thisisanimportantpointthatlandscapedesignersneedtotakeintoaccountinthefirstplace.Whendesigningthesuspendedceiling,itisnecessarytoestimatetheareaofgustyareasandthealtitudeofthewindtube.Whendesigningthesquarelandscape,itisalsoneededtocalculatetheareaofthegustyareasoftheundergroundarchitectureonthesquare.Therefore,landscapedesignershouldunderstandtheair-conditioningandventilationprincipleaswellasthemethodofestimatingthedimensionofequipmentwhichisalsoapointedinvolvedbyourresearch.
Ontheotherhand,landscapedesignershoulddosomeartisticprocessingtotheequipmentelement.Moreover,designersshouldpayenoughattentiontothedesigningmethodofcombination.Inthefirstpart,Weinvestigatedandstudiedthecombinationmethodofsuspendedceilingwithgustyareasinmanymalls,hotelandrestaurant,inordertoofferathoughtofcreativeequipmentproduct;Inanotherpart,authorinvestigatedandstudiedthefusionofgustyareaswithlandscapedesignonmanydomesticcivilsquareswhichhaveundergroundgarage,undergroundmarketandsoon,andsummarizedmanyartdesignmethodsoftheequipmentinmanydomesticandforeignopeningspace.
Inordertocreatethefavorableconstructionenvironment,architecturedesigner,landscapedesignerandtheair-conditioningandventilationdesignersshouldexchangeandsharethedesigningidea.Thedesignershouldpersistinthreeprinciples,whicharenatureofhumanbeing,economicalecologyandartistry.Thedesignershouldcooperatewiththefactoriestocreatenewequipmentproduct.
Inourcountry,thisresearchhasbeenstartedverylate,butithaspracticalsignificance.Itisurgenttodothisprogramwhichhasverybroadresearchprospect.Thisarticlehastheinstructionalsignificancefordesigners.Moreover,ithasreferencableinfluencefortheenvironmentalfactories.
KeyWords:
ConstructionEnvironmentEquipment;LandscapeArt;Fusion
1导论
1.1研究背景
1.1.1选题背景
工业革命以来，人们开始采用机械方法来调节建筑环境，随着科技的进步，人们通过技术手段控制建筑环境的能力越来越强。
但建筑环境功能性设备的艺术表现以及其美学价值，在艺术设计领域却很少被深入讨论。
本文将研究建筑环境设备与景观艺术的融合性问题。
建筑是凝固的音乐，除了有使用功能外，审美价值也是建筑的一个主要属性。
近年来，随着我国综合国力和人民生活水平的快速提高，人们对建筑美观性要求也不断提高。
另一方面，暖通空调专业是一个技术性很强的专业，暖通空调的设备管道较多、尺寸较大、室外的设备和风口也较多，因此在建筑设备专业中，暖通空调专业对建筑美观性的影响通常是最大的。
暖通空调工程师在设计中通常较少考虑建筑美观性的问题。
由于艺术与技术两者的差别，在实际建筑工程设计中，建筑专业和暖通空调专业时常为此产生矛盾。
暖通空调设计对建筑美观性有着重要影响。
对于城市中重要地段的建筑物，在确定暖通设计方案时，美观性是一个必须考虑的重要因素，有时甚至成为决定因素，美观性问题是目前暖通空调设计方案综合评价决策技术中亟待解决的一个课题。
为了满足建筑美观性的要求，暖通空调专业往往需要付出代价，使投资和耗能增加，甚至可能影响暖通空调系统的性能。
因此有必要对暖通空调设计的美观性问题进行分析研究，但目前这一问题没有引起有关方面的重视，相关文献十分少见。
建筑环境设备主要用于控制建筑室内的物理环境，通常被设置在建筑内部或建筑外部，如商场大厅中央空调的风管、风口，建筑顶部的冷却塔，建筑内部各种造型的暖气片，大型地下停车场、地下商场上方的通风设备，高校校园中地下蓄水池上方的通气设备等。
这些设备虽然满足了功能要求，但随着社会经济的迅速发展，大众生活水平的日益提高，人们已由生存需要上升为享受需要，已将追求目标投向精神生活的高层次和高品位，对环境艺术的品味也越来越高，设备的艺术美化要求并没有受到足够的重视，影响了景观环境整体效果。
因此，重视建筑环境设备的艺术要求及其美学价值，对美化人们的生活环境和满足大众审美享受的需要，都具有极大的现实意义。
故设备该如何与景观艺术相融合、与建筑整体性相互协调是本文研究的重点。
1.1.2研究意义
近年来，我国的人工环境控制技术也在不断发展，新型的技术、设备形式的不同性能和特点，影响到建筑的能源消耗量的问题，也将直接影响到建筑空间的艺术效果。
所有这些都应当在景观设计中给与足够的重视。
在我国，这项研究起步较晚，但其具有极强的现实意义和紧迫性，具有很广的研究前景。
本文的研究对景观人员及建筑环境设备专业人员有指导意义，另外，对生产建筑环境设备的厂家有借鉴意义。
1.2研究现状
1.2.1国外研究现状
在《温和环境下的建筑》一书中，雷纳.本汉姆归纳出把车间和服务设施融入到建筑结构中的两种处理方式：
“隐藏的力量”和“暴露的力量”。
当环境设备在室外环境中时，主要手法就是将其做成艺术造型或景观构筑物的方式“露”出来，有的还使其成为环境中的制高点；或者将其“藏”在建筑的造型或结构中。
在勒.柯布西耶德马萨公寓大楼的设计中，庞大的服
升级会员 