九年级中考英语专题复习之阅读理解专题.docx
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九年级中考英语专题复习之阅读理解专题
2020年九年级中考英语专题之———阅读理解
课前阅读训练:
(2019年广东深圳市中考真题)C
AliceLeeisahighschoolstudentstudyingataprivateschool.Sheisdoingsomevoluntaryworkatanafter﹣schoolprogramtohelpstudentsfrompoorfamilies.
Onthefirstdayofherwork,shenoticedthatmanykidswereliningupforfreesandwichesandfruits.Shewassurprised.Oneoftheorganizersexplainsthatmanyofthesestudentsdon'tgetenoughtoeatathome.Soaschoollunchoranafter﹣mealmightbethemostfoodtheywouldgetalltheday.Shehasalsobeentoldthatsomehungrykidscanreceivefreelunches,butothersareonlyallowedreduced﹣pricemeals,andthosestudents'familieshavetopayforthepartoftheirfood.
Leewasshocked,shedecidedtoofferhelptothosewhoaresufferingfromhunger,"Iwantotherkidstounderstandthatifyouseeaproblem,youdon'thavetowaittobeanadulttofixit,"saysLee.SheandagroupoffriendsareusingtheirprogrammeskilltocreateanewappcalledFoodofThought,whichwillallowparents,students,andevenkind﹣heartedstrangerstodonatemoneytolunchaccountsforstudentsinanearbyschool.
34
WhatdidAliceLeeseeonthefirstdayofhervoluntarywork?
A.Childrenliningupforfreefood.B.Childrenbuyingsandwichesandfruit.
C.Childrenlearningcookinginstructions.D.Childrendoingvoluntarywork.
35.Whoshouldpayforthehalf﹣pricedfood?
A.allthehungrychildrenB.kind﹣heartedstrangers
C.somepoorfamiliesD.primaryschoolstudents
36.Whatwasshedoingtohelpthepoorkids?
A.Shetaughtthemforfree.B.Sheopenedalunchaccount.
C
Shedevelopedanapptohelpthem.D.Sheofferedfreefood.
37.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.Alocalschoolisprovidingfreefoodforstudents.
B.Agirlishelpingpoorkidsoutofhunger.
C.Anappwillbetestedinaschoolthisfall.
D.Agroupofgoodfriendsareworkingataschool.
(2019年广东深圳市中考真题)D
Thejourneytoandfromschoolisamajorreasonforstressthroughouttheworld.Andthejourneycanevenmakeyousick.Yetonecityhasfoundawaytomakeitstrainjourneysmorecomfortablewhileofferingenjoyablereadingatthesametime,justlikeinalibrary.
OntwotrainlinesinBeijing,theundergroundcars(车厢)havebeenturnedintolibraries,butthey'renottraditionallibraries.Insteadofrealcopiesofbooks,theundergroundcarsprovidee﹣books.
Whenpassengersgetintothecars,theycanseepicturesofdifferentbookcoversonthewallsandevendoors.Passengerscanbrowse(浏览)thebooksjustlikeinanyotherlibrary.Oncethey'vemadetheirchoice,theycanuseamobilephonetoscantheQRcode(扫二维码)onthecoveroftheirchosenbook.TheQRcodeleadstoane﹣bookapp,onwhichthepassengerscanreadthee﹣bookforfree.Andtheycanstillenjoythebookontheappevenafterleavingthetrain.
Thankstotheunderground'sidea,passengerscandiscovernewstorieseverytimetheytakearide.Inthisway,thejourneywillnotbeboringanylonger,andpassengerswillnotcomplainaboutthejourneyeither.Instead,theycanbenefit(受益)alotfromit.
Readinge﹣bookscanreallymakethejourneymoreenjoyable﹣it'soneofthethingsthatsuccessfulpassengersusuallydo.Infact,inthiskindofspeciallibrary,thebookscangoonforever!
38.Howdopassengersusuallyfeelabouttheirjourneystoandfromwork?
A.Comfortable.B.Enjoyable.C.Painful.D.Cheerful.
39.WhichstatementisTRUEaboutpassengersinparagraph3?
A.Theyreadpaperbooksonthetrain.
B.TheycanbrowsetheQRcodetobuythebooks.
C.TheycanscantheQRcodetobuythebooks.
D.Theycanenjoythebookontheappaftertheride.
40.Whatdoes"it"refertointheparagraph4?
A.Thejourney.B.Thestory.C.Thepassenger.D.Theunderground.
41.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.TheBestTrainRide.B.TheEnjoyableJourney.
C.TheFutureLibrary.D.TheMovingLibrary.
一、专题考点解读
初中英语阅读理解题是考查学生英语水平的重要测试题型,在各地中考英语试卷中均占较大比重(深圳中考中阅读理解题型分值占总分的30%)。
英语阅读理解题主要是考查学生综合运用所学英语语言知识的能力,包括细节理解能力、词义判断能力、归纳概括能力及逻辑推理能力等。
其中英语阅读理解需达到以下目标要求:
1、能根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义;
2、能理解段落中各句子之间以及段与段之间的逻辑关系;
3、能找出文章中的主题,理解故事的情节与发展;
4、能读懂常见体裁的阅读材料;
5、能根据不同的阅读目的运用简单的阅读策略(如略读,跳读,寻读等)获取信息;
6、能坚持课外阅读以及课外词汇积累(深圳中考词汇量要求2000-3000)。
二、阅读理解题型分析及解题思路
一).细节理解题:
命题分析:
在历年中考阅读理解中,对细节理解类题型的考查同往年一样,依然占了很大的比例。
细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一具体事实和细节进行理解。
它们大都是根据文章中的具体信息如事实、例证、原因、过程、论述等进行提问的。
有些问题可以在文章中直接找到答案,有些则需要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到。
◆细节理解题的常考提问方式:
(1).特殊疑问句形式。
以when,where,what,which,who,howmuch/many等疑问词开头引出的问题;
(2).以是非题的形式。
true/false,nottrue/false或EXCEPT;
(3).以填空题的形式,如:
Thepolicemanwhosaid“Goodevening”toRollswantedto________.
(4).就文中数字、排序、识图等提问。
解题技巧与思路:
1.读懂题干信息,找出题干或是选项中的关键词或短语,定位文章中的信息源并分析理解;
2.排除干扰项。
(实战演练看真题C篇34-36题)
二).词义猜测题:
命题分析:
词义猜测是应用英语的重要能力,也是中考必考的题型。
它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文,而且要有较大的泛读量,掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。
考生应学会通过构词、定义、同位、因果、常识、同义、反义及上下文线索等确定词义。
◆词意猜测题的常考提问方式:
(1)Theunderlinedword“It”inthepassagerefersto_______.
(2)Theword“______”inthepassageprobablymeans________.
(3)Inthisstorytheunderlinedword“_______”means________.
(4)Here“they”means________.
(5)Theunderlinedphrase/sentenceinthe…paragraphprobablymeansthat_____.
解题思路与技巧:
1.通过上下文去进行猜测。
特别要注意与这个词紧密相连的前后几个词语以及上下句的意思;
实战演练:
Astheygoaroundtown,thepolicehelppeople.Sometimestheyfindlostchildren.Theytakethechildren
home.Ifthepoliceseeafight,theyputanendtoitrightaway.Sometimespeoplewillaskthepolicehow
togettoaplaceintown.Thepolicecanalwaystellthepeoplewhichwaytogo.Theyknowallthestreets
androadswell.
Inthetext,“putanendto”means“______”.
A.stopB.cutC.killD.fly
2.利用同义、反义、并列、替代、说明等关系猜测词义。
实战演练:
a....Hehadbeengettingbetter,butduringthenighthishealthconditiondeteriorated.
Theunderlinedword“deteriorated”means_______.
A.becameworseB.cutdownC.becamebetterandbetterD.falloff
b....Achild’sbirthdaypartydoesn’thavetobeahassle;itcanbeabasketoffun,accordingtoBethAnaclerio,anEvastonmotheroftwo,ages4and18months.…
Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hassle”probablymean?
A.Apartydesignedbyspecialists.B.Aplanrequiringcarefulthought.
C.Asituationcausingdifficultyortrouble.D.Arequirementmadebyguests.
3.利用定义法来猜测这些词的意思;
实战演练:
Abagisusefulandtheword“bag”isuseful.Itgivesussomeinterestingphrases(短语).Oneis“toletthecatoutofthebag”.Itisthesameas“totellasecret”….
Nowwhensomeoneletsout(泄漏)asecret,he“letsthecatoutofthebag.”...
John“letsthecatoutofthebag”meanshe______.
A.makeseveryoneknowasecretB.thewomanboughtacat
C.buysacatinthebagD.sellsthecatinthebag
4.利用构词法猜测词义。
实战演练:
...Insomesituations,suchasInternetsale,anhonestreviewisimpracticalforeachorder...
Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impractical”probablymean?
A.meaningfulB.unrealisticC.usefulD.changeable
5.代词指代,利用代词的”回指”或者“预指”理清上下文关系,找出指代内容。
(真题D篇40题)
三).推理判断题:
命题分析:
推理判断题在汇集全文提供的各项信息的基础上进行正确的逻辑推理,推断作者的意向,人物的动机,目的,性格特征,事件的前因后果关系,语言中的语态,语气等,这就要求我们在通读全文,弄懂全文的基础上,抓住文章的关键词句,深入开拓文章的内容,有时还需借助常识进行判断。
◆推理判断题的常考提问方式:
(1).Wecaninfer/imply/learnfromthispassagethat……
(2).Thewritersuggestsinthepassagethat...
(3).Thispassagewouldmostlikelybefoundin_________.
解题思路与技巧:
1).细节推断题(也叫间接细节题)
要求考生根据语篇关系,推断具体细节,如时间、地点、人物关系、人物身份、事件、具体信息等。
考生要从文章本身所提供的信息出发,抓住关键的信息词,运用逻辑思维,并借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断。
2).人物性格、心情处境、态度及观点等推断题
定位到具体相关句,特别注意那些描写环境气氛的语言,以及表达感情,态度观点的词语。
要特别注意作者在文章中的措辞,尤其是感情色彩的形容词,然后确定答案。
同时,能结合自己平时积累的有关英语国家的文化传统、风俗习惯等背景知识来识别评价。
典型展示:
Parentsshouldstopblamingthemselvesbecausethere’snotalottheycandoaboutit.Imeantheteenagerproblem.Whateveryoudoorhoweveryouchoosetodealwithit,atcertaintimesawonderful,reasonableandhelpfulchildwillturnintoaterribleanimal.
I’veseenfriendsdealwithitinallkindsofdifferentways.Onestrictmotherinsistedthatherson,rightfromachild,shouldstandupwheneveranyoneenteredtheroom,opendoorsandshakehandslikeagentleman.IsawhimlastweekwhenIcalledround.Sprawlinghimself(懒散地躺)onthesofainfulllength,hemadenoattempttoturnofftheloudTVhewaswatchingasIwalkedin,andhisgreetingwasnomorethanaquickglanceatme.Hismotherwasashamed.“Idon’tknowwhattodowithhimthesedays,”shesaid.“He’sforgottenallthemannerswetaughthim.”
Hehasn’tforgottenthem.He’sjustdecidedthathe’snotgoingtousethem.Sheconfessed(坦白)thatshewouldliketocomeupbehindhimandthrowhimdownfromthesofaontothefloor.
Anothergoodfriendofminelethertwodaughtersclimballoverthefurniture,reachacrossthetable,stareatmeandsay,“Idon’tlikeyourdress;it’sugly.”Oneofthedaughtershasrecentlybeendrivenoutofschool.Theotherhaslefthome.
“Wheredidwegowrong?
”herparentsarenowverysad.Probablynowheremuch.Atleast,nomorethantherestofthatunfortunaterace,parents.
1.Theboyonthesofawouldmostprobablybedescribedas______.
A.lazyB.quietC.unusualD.rude
2.Fromthesecondexamplewecaninferthattheparentsofthetwodaughters______.
A.paynoattentiontothemB.aretoobusytolookafterthem
C.havecometohatethemD.feelhelplesstodomuchaboutthem
3.Whatistheauthor’sopinionaboutthesuddenchangeinteenagechildren?
A.Parentshavenochoicebuttotrytoacceptit.
B.Parentsshouldpaystillmoreattentiontothechange.
C.Parentsshouldworkmorecloselywithschoolteachers.
D.Parentsareatfaultforthechangeintheirchildren.
4).主旨大意题:
命题分析:
主旨大意题是中考阅读理解的主要题型之一,旨在考查考生对文章大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。
此类题数量不大,在15个题中约占1-2个。
◆主旨大意题的分类
1.从考查对象上划分,主旨大意题可分为两种
①篇章主旨:
针对全文的主题进行提问。
主题句出现在首段的居多,其次是末段。
②段落主旨:
针对