中央电大学位英语真题和答案.docx

中央电大学位英语真题和答案.docx

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中央电大学位英语真题和答案

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试

2011.11.05

　　PartⅠReadingComprehension（30%）

　　Directions:

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

　　Passage1

　　Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

　　   ThereflectivetowersofNewYorkCity,whichisontheAtlanticmigrating（迁徙的）route,canbedeadlyforbirds.“Weliveinanageofglass,”saidMs.Laurel,anarchitect.（76）“Itcanbeaperfectmirrorincertainlights,andthelargertheglass,themoredangerousitis.”About90,000birdsarekilledbyflyingintobuildinginthecityeachyear.Often,theystrikethelowerlevelsofglasstowersaftersearchingforfoodinnearbyparks.Suchcrashesarethesecond-leadingcauseofdeathformigratingbirds,afterhabitat（栖息地）loss,withanestimatednumberofdeathranginguptoabillionayear.

　　（77）Asglassofficeandapartmenttowershaveincreasedinthelastdecade,so,too,havecallstomakethemlessdeadlytobirds.SanFranciscoadoptedbird-safetystandardfornewbuildinginJuly.TheUnitedStatesGreenBuildingCouncil,anonprofitindustrygroupthatencouragesthecreationofenvironmentallyconsciousbuildings,willintroduceabird-safetycreditthisaspartofitsenvironmentalcertificationprocess.

　　Therearenoeasyfixes,however.Afewresearchersareexploringglassdesignsthatuseultraviolet（紫外线的）signals,buttheyarestillintheirinfancy.Covers,dotpatterns,shadesandnetarethemainoptionsavailable.

　　Often,onlyonesectionofabuildingneedstobechanged.“Youdon'tnecessarilyhavetotreateverywindow,”Ms.Laurelsaid.“Itwouldbetooexpensivetodothewholebuilding.”TheJacobConventionCenter,whichhasbeenundergoingalterations,isthemostrecentbuildingtovoluntarilycorrecttheproblemofbirdcrashes.Thearchitectsusedlessreflectiveglassanddotpatterns.

　　1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

　　A.NewYorkisacityofglasstowers.

　　B.Glasstoweraredangerousformigratingbirds.

　　C.NewYorkadoptednewsafetystandardsforbuildings.

　　D.GlasstowersareanewtrendintheUnitedStates.

　　2.Whatisthenumberonecauseofdeathformigratingbirds?

　　A.Climatechange            B.Habitatloss

　　C.Lackoffood              D.Crashingintobuildings.

　　3.Whatdoestheword“fixes”inthethirdparagraphprobablymean?

　　A.Choices                   B.Explanations

　　C.Solutions                  D.Developments

　　4._____areusedinthealterationoftheJacobK.JavitsConventionCenter.

　　A.Dotpatterns                B.Shades

　　C.Nets                      D.Covers

　　5.WhichofthefowlingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

　　A.Inmanycases,thewholebuildingneedstobealteredtopreventbirdcrashes.

　　B.TheJacobK.JavitsConventionCenteristhefirstbuildingtodealwiththeproblemofbirdcrashes.

　　C.About90,000birdsarekilledduetohabitatlossinNewYorkCityeachyear.

D.Unfortunately,glassdesignsthatuseultravioletsignalsarestillintheirearlystages.

　　Passage2

　　Question6to10arebasedonthefowlingpassage:

　　      Today'sstudentshavegrownuphearingmoreaboutBillGatesthanF.D.R.,andtheyliveinaworldwhereamazinginnovations（革新）arecommon.Thecurrent18-year-olds,afterall,were8whenGooglewasfoundedbytwostudentsatStanford;MarkZuckerbergfoundedFacebookin2004whilehewasHarvardandtheywereenteringhighschool.Havinggrownupdigital（数字的），theyareimpatienttogetonwithlife.

　　      Theeasiestwaytofindkidsliketheseistocheckinonentrepreneurship（企业家才能）education,inwhichcollegesanduniversitiestrytopreparetheirstudentstorecognizeopportunitiesandseizethem.

　　      AreportpublishedlastyearbytheKauffmanFoundation,whichfinancesprogramstopromoteinnovationoncampuses,notedthatmorethan50,000entrepreneurshipprogramsareofferedontwo-andfour-yearcampuses—upfromjust250coursesin1985.LesaMitchell,aKauffmanvicepresident,saysthatthefoundationisextendingthereachofitsacademicinfluence,whichusedtobefoundonlyinbusinessschools.Now,theconceptofentrepreneurshipisbloominginengineeringprogramsandmedicalschool,andevenintheliberalarts.“Ourinterestistheprograms,”shesays.“Weneedtospreadoutfromthebusinessschool.”

　　      Eitherasclassprojectsorontheirown,studentsinavarietyofmajorsarecomingupwithideas,writingbusinessplansandseeingthemthroughtoprototypeand,often,market.Intheirsparetime,studentsinagriculturaleconomicsatPurdueinventnewusesforbean;industrialdesignmajorsatSyracuse,inaspeciallaboratory,createwearabletechnologies.

　　   （78）Theentrepreneurshipmovementhasitscritics,especiallyamongthosewhoseecollegeasatimeforextensiveacademicexploration.“Ijustdon'tthinkthatentrepreneurship rankssohighintermsofnationalneed,”saysDanielS.Greenberg,authorofScienceforsale:

Theperils,RewardsandDelusionsofCampusCapitalism.

　　      LeonardA.Schlesinger,BabsonCollege'spresident,saysthatthequestionofwhetherinnovationcanreallybetaughtis“anage-oldargument”.

　　6.WhenGoogleandFacebookwereestablished,thefounderswerestill_____.

　　A.inhighschool                   B.inthearmy

　　C.inprimaryschool                 D.atcollege

　　7.Accordingtothepassage,whatisthemainpurposeofentrepreneurshipeducation?

　　A.Topreparestudentsforfutureacademiclife

　　B.Topreparestudentstofindopportunitiesandseizethem.

　　C.Topreparestudentsforoverseascareer.

　　D.Topreparestudenttodevelopinterpersonalskills.

　　8.Theword“prototype”inthefourthparagraphismostlikelytomean_____.

　　A.model                          B.strategy

　　C.method                         D.stage

　　9.WhatdoesDanielS.Grennbergthinkofentrepreneurshipeducation?

　　A.Entrepreneurship,oratleastcertainelementsofit,canbetaught.

　   B.Anentrepreneurshipprogramcanhelpstudentsfindwhattheyreallylikeandentrepreneurshipisn'tallaboutbusiness.

　　C.Entrepreneurshipshouldbespreadacrossdifferentfields.

　　D.Collegesshouldn'tputtoomuchemphasisonentrepreneurshipprograms.

　　10.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

　　A.Entrepreneurshipcoursesinbusinessschools.

　　B.Qualitiesofanentrepreneur.

　　C.Entrepreneurshipeducationincolleges.

　　D.Kidsintheinformationage.

　　Passage3

　　Question11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

　　      Regretisascommonanemotionasloveorfear,anditcanbenearlyaspowerful.So,inanewpaper,tworesearcherssetabouttryingtofindoutwhatthetypicalAmericanregretsmost.Intelephonesurveys,NealRose,apsychologistandprofessorofmarketingattheSchoolofManagementatNorthwesternUniversity,andMikeMorrison,adoctoralcandidateinpsychologyatUniversityofIllinois,asked370Americans,aged19to103,totalkabouttheirmostnotableregret.Participantswereaskedwhattheregretwas,whenithappened,whetheritwasaresultofsomethingtheydidordidn'tdo,andwhetheritwassomethingthatcouldstillbefixed.

　　      Themostcommonlymentionedregretinvolvedromance（浪漫的事）（18%）——lostlovesorunfulfilledrelationships.Familyregretscameinsecond（16%），whitpeoplestillfeelingbadlyaboutbeingunkindtotheirbrothersorsistersinchildhood.Otherfrequentlyreportedregretsinvolvedcareer（13%）,education（12%），money（10%）andparenting（9^%）.

　　      RoseandMorrison'sstudy,whichistobepublishedinSocialPsychologicalandPersonalityScience,issignificantinthatitsurveyedawiderangeoftheAmericanpublic,includingpeopleofallagesandsocio-economicandeducationalbackgrounds.Previousstudiesonregrethavefocusedlargelyoncollegestudents,whopredictablytendtohaveeducation-focusedregrets,likewishingtheyhadstudiedharderoradifferentmajor.Thenewsurveyshowsthatinthelargerpopulation,aperson's“lifecircumstances—accomplishments,shortcomings,situationinlife—injectconsiderablefuelintothefiresofregret,”theauthorswrite.

（79）Peoplewithlesseducation,forinstanceweremorelikelytoreporteducationregret.Peoplewithhigherlevelsofeducationhadthemostcareerregrets.Andthosewithnoromanticpartnertendedtoholdregretsregardinglove.

 Brokendown（分解、细分）bysex,morewomen（44%）thanmen（19%）hadregretsaboutloveandfamily—notsurprising,sincewomen“valuesocialrelationshipsmorethanmen,”theauthorswrite.Incontrast,men（34%）weremorelikelythanwomen（27%）tomentionwork-relatedregrets,wishingthey'dchosenadifferentcareerpath,forinstance,orfollowedtheirpassion.（80）Manyparticipantsalsoreportedwishingtheyhadworkedlesstospendmoretimewiththeirchildren.

　　     Therewasanevensplitbetweenregretsaboutinaction（notdoingsomething）andaction（dosomethingyouwishyoudidn't）.But,likepreviousstudies,thecurrentresearchfoundthatsomeregretsaremorelikelythanotherstopersistovertime:

peopletendtohangonlongertotheregretofinaction;meanwhile,regretsofactiontendtobemorerecent.

　　11.Inthesecondparagraph,theauthorshows______.

　　A.theresearchers'findings     B.theimportanceoffamily

　　C.theimportanceofmoney    D.theimportanceofcareer

　　12.Accordingtothepassage,collegestudentparticipantsmainlyhadregretsabouttheir______.

　　A.familyandchildhood     B.studyandmajor

　　C.careerandjob           D.roma