田明莉老师出题.docx

田明莉老师出题.docx

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田明莉老师出题

田明莉老师出题

2008-2009学年第一学期期末2006级本科英语考试题（A）

卷面总计80分

PartⅠReadingComprehension（20%）

Directions:

Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions1to5arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

BlackHoleSeenRippingStarApart

Twospaceobservatorieshaveprovidedthefirststrongevidenceofasuper-massiveblackholestretching,tearingapartandpartiallygobblingupastarflungintoreachofitsenormousgravity,astronomerssaid.

Theeventhadlongbeenpredictedbytheorybutneverconfirmed.

ApowerfulX-rayblastdrewtheattentionofastronomerstotheevent,locatednearthecenterofagalaxyabout700millionlight-yearsfromEarth.Theinternationalteamofastronomersbelievesgasesfromthestar,heatedtomultimillion-degreetemperaturesastheyfelltowardtheblackholeneartheheartofgalaxyRXJ1242-11,producedtheblast.

Astronomerssaidastaraboutthesizeofoursunnearedtheblackholeafterveering（改变方向）offcoursefollowingacloseencounterwithanotherstar.Thetremendousgravityoftheblackhole,estimatedtohaveamass100milliontimesthatofoursun,thenstretchedthestartothepointofbreaking.

“ThisistheultimateDavidversusGoliathbattle,buthereDavidloses,”saidGuntherHasinger,oftheMaxPlanckInstituteforExtraterrestrialPhysicsinGermany.

Theeffectisthesamethatthetug（猛拉，猛拖）ofthemoonhasontheEarth’soceans,butwithmuchmoreviolentresults.Theblackholeconsumedanestimated1percentofthedoomedstar,flingingtherestoutintospace.

“Thisunluckystarjustwanderedintothewrongneighborhood,”saidStefanieKomossa,alsooftheMaxPlanckInstitute.

AstronomersusedNASA’sChandraandtheEuropeanSpaceAgency’sXMM-NewtonX-rayobservatoriestocapturetheevent.Similareventsareestimatedtooccurjustonceevery10,000yearsinatypicalgalaxy.

AstronomershaveseenothersimilarX-rayblastsbefore,butneverwereabletopinpointthematthecenterofagalaxy,whereblackholeslurk.ThenewobservationsalsorevealedthecharacteristicX-raysignatureexpectedofthesurroundingsofablackhole.

Theblastfirstwasseenin1992andremainsvisibleasitfades,saidChandrapressscientistPeterEdmonds,oftheHarvard-SmithsonianCenterforAstrophysics.

1.Accordingtothepassage,theexistenceofasuper-massiveblackhole.

A.haslongbeenpredictedbytheorybutneverconfirmed

B.hasfirstbeenconfirmedbystrongevidenceprovidedbytwospaceobservatories

C.hasdrawntheastronomers’attentionbyitsenormousgravity

D.hascausedacloseencounterbetweenastarandanother

2.Accordingtothepassage,.

A.apowerfulX-raysblastoccurredneartheheartofagalaxyabout700millionlight-yearsfromEarth

B.apowerfulX-raysblastresultedtogasesfromthestar,heatedtomultimillion-degreetemperaturesastheyfelltowardtheblackholeneartheheartofgalaxyRXJ1242-11

C.astaraboutthesizeofoursunhadacloseencounterwithanotherstarafterveeringoffcourse

D.astaraboutthesizeofoursunnearedtheblackholeandthenhadacloseencounterwithanotherstar

3.Accordingthepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Thegravityoftheblackholewassostrongthatittoreapartthestar.

B.TheeffectoftheblackholeonthestarislessviolentthanthatthetugofthemoonhasontheEarth’soceans.

C.Theblackholeflungaverysmallpartofthedoomedstaroutintospace.

D.ThegravityoftheblackholeledtomuchmoreviolentresultstotheEarth’soceans.

4.WhatcanwelearnaboutsuchX-rayblastsmentionedinthepassage?

A.Thefirstblastwasseenin1992asitfaded.

B.Itisrareforsimilarblaststooccurinatypicalgalaxy.

C.Suchblastsrarelyoccuratthecenterofagalaxybecauseblackholesexistthere.

D.Similarblastshaveoccurredmanytimesbeforebutastronomerswereneverabletopinpointthematthecenterofagalaxyforthesakeofblackholes.

5.Itcanbeinferredthatthecaptureoftheeventmentionedinthepassageisintheastrophysics（天体物理学）.

A.acommoneventB.abreakthrough

C.anunexpectedeventD.awonder

PassageTwo

Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

LONDON--Straighteningchildren’scrookedteethwithbracesmayimprovetheirsmilebutitisnoguaranteeofhappinessandimprovedselfesteem.

A20-yearstudybyscientistsinBritainthatlookedattheimpactofbracesonmorethan300childreninWalesshowedthathavingstraighterteethhadlittlepositiveimpactontheirpsychologicalhealthlaterinlife.

Whentheywerequestionedasadults,noneofthemregrettedhavinghadtheirteethimprovedandmostweresatisfiedwiththewaytheylooked.Buttherewasnodifferenceintheirpsychologicalwellbeingwhencomparedtootherpeoplewhohaveneverhadbraces.

“Onthebasisofourresearchifthereareirregularities,andespeciallyiftheyarenotsevere,thentherewillbenoharmtodentalhealthanditwouldn’tchangetheirlifehappinessinthefutureiftheydon’twearbraces,”saidProfessorWilliamShaw,anorthodontistattheUniversityofManchesterinEngland.

Eachyearcountlesschildrenaroundtheglobereceiveorthodontictreatmenttoaligntheirteethorcorrectotherirregularities.

Parentscanspendasmallfortuneontheirchildren’sdentalwork.InBritainandothercountriesbracescancost2,000pounds（$3,915）ormoredependingontheseverityoftheproblem.

Shawandhisteamhadassumedthattherewouldbesomesocialorpsychologicalbenefitforthechildrenwhohadtheirteethstraightenedin1981.Butwhentheygavethemabatteryofstandardpsychologicalquestions20yearslatertoassesstheirwell-being,theresearchersfoundnothingthatseemstohavederivedfromhavingorthodontictreatment.

AllthepeoplequestionedinthestudypublishedintheBritishJournalofHealthPsychologyhadquitesignificantdentalirregularitiesandhadreceivedbracesfreethroughBritain’sstate-fundedNationalHealthService（NHS）.

“Itcanbeconcludedthat,althoughingeneralparticipants’self-esteemincreasedoverthe20-yearperiod,itwasnotasaresultofreceivingbracesanddidn’trelatetowhetheranorthodontisttreatmentneedexistedin1981,”ShawtoldReuters.

DrPamelaKenealy,apsychologistattheUniversityofRoehamptoninLondonwhoworkedonthestudy,saidtheimportanceofhavingtheperfectsmilechangesaspeopleage.

“Teethareimportanttoanindividual’sself-perceptionduringadolescence,butbyadulthoodotherfactorshavegreatersignificance,”shesaidinastatement.“Sowhileitmaymakeaminorcontributiontoanindividual’sperceptionofself-worth,orthodonticscannotbejustifiedonpsychologicalgroundsalone.

6.Whatmightbethepurposeofthestudymentionedinthepassage?

A.Tofindoutifstraighterteethhasapositiveimpactonpeople’spsychologicalhealth.

B.Tofindoutifstraighterteethimprovepeople’ssmile.

C.Tofindoutifstraighterteethhasanegativeimpactonpeople’spsychologicalwellbeing.

D.Tofindoutifstraighterteethleadstofewervisitstodentist’s.

7.Accordingtotheresultofthestudy,whatisthepositiveoutcomeofstraighteningchildren’scrookedteeth?

A.Improvedself-esteem.B.Improvedsenseofhappiness.

C.Morecharmingsmiles.D.Betterpsychologicalwellbeing.

8.Whatcanbelearnedfrompara.7?

A.Somepeoplewereaskedabatteryofstandardpsychologicalquestionwhentheyhadorthodontictreatmentsin1981.

B.Toassessorthodontictreatment’simpactonpeople’sfuturepsychologicalwellbeing,somechildrenhadtheirteethstraightenedin1981.

C.Nosocialorpsychologicalbenefithadbeenfoundforthechildrenhavingtheirteethstraightenedin1981.

D.Havingorthodontictreatmentin1981hadnothingtodowiththequestionsaskedofthemyearslater.

9.WhichofthefollowingisnottrueaboutthepeoplequestionedinShawandhisteam’sstudy?

A.Theyallhadtheirteethstraightenedinthesameyear.

B.Theirself-esteemgenerallyimprovedoverthe20years.

C.Theirparentsdidn’tpayfortheirorthodontictreatment.

D.Theirparentspaid2,000poundsormorefortheirorthodontictreatment.

10.ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatDrPamelaKenealy’sattitudetowardorthodonticsis.

A.supportiveB.positiveC.doubtfulD.negative

PartⅡListeningComprehension（20%）

SectionA

Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

11.A.Heboughtanewbicycle.B.Hestoleabicycle.

C.Helosthisbicycle.D.Someonepaintedhisbicycle.

12.A.Shefeelsfrustrated.B.Shefeelsjoyful.

C.Sheisexcited.D.Shehasmixedfeelings.

13.A.Don’tuseicecubes.B.Benice.

C.Boilthewaterfirst.D.Sorry.

14.A.Thecostofliving.B.Thegovernment.

C.Weightsandmeasures.D.Scienceclass.

15.A.Themanhasahouseforrent.

B.Themanislookingforaplacetolivein.

C.Thewomanisasecretary.

D.Thetwospeakersareoldfriends.

16.A.Thewomanwasbuyingsomejamandsardines.

B.Themansuggestedthewomanget