高二英语上学期期中试题122.docx
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高二英语上学期期中试题122
双鸭山市第一中学2016年高二上学期期中考试
英语试题
第I卷
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
A
Peoplearecompassionate.Witheffort,wecantranslatecompassionintoaction.Anexperiencel
astweekendshowedmethisistrue.Iworkpart-timeinasupermarketacrossfromabuildingfortheelderly.Theseoldpeopleareourmaincustomers,andit’snothardtolosepatienceovertheirslowness.ButlastSunday,oneagedgentlemanappearedtoteachmeavaluablelesson.Thisuntidymanwalkeduptomyregister(收款机)withaboxofbiscuits.Hesaidhewasoutofcash,hadjustmovedintohisroom,andhadnothinginhiscupboards.Heaskedifwecouldlethimhavethefoodontrust.Hepromisedtorepaymethenextday.
Icouldn’thelpstaringathim.Iwonderedwhatkind
ofpersonhehadbeentenortwentyyearsbefore,andwhathewouldbelikeifluckhadgonehisway.Ihadahurtinmyheartforthiskindofhumansoul,allaloneintheworld.ItoldhimthatIwassorry,butstorerulesdidn’tallowmetodoso.Ifeltstupidandunkindsayingthis,butIvaluedmyjob.
Justthen,anotherman,standingbehindthefirst,spokeup.Ifanything,helookedmorepitiable.“Chargeittome,”wasallhesaid.
WhatIhadbeenfeelingwaspity.Pityissoftandsafeandeasy.Compassion,ontheotherhand,iscaringinaction.Ithankedthesecondmanbuttoldhimthatwasnotallowedeither.ThenIreachedintomypocketandpaidforthebiscuitsmyself.Ireachedintomypocketbecausethesetwomenhadreachedintomyheartandtaughtmecompassion.
1.Theagedgentlemanwhowantedtobuythebiscuits_______.
A.promisedtoobeythestorerules
B.forgottotakeanymoneywithhim
C.hopedtohavethefoodfirstandpaylater
D.couldnotaffordanythingmoreexpensive
2.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheoldgentleman?
A.kindandluckyB.friendlyandhelpful
C.poorandlonelyD.hurtanddisappointed
3.Thewriteracteduponthestorerulesbecause_______.
A.heexpectedsomeoneelsetopayfortheoldman
B.hefeltnopityfortheoldgentleman
C.heconsideredtheoldmandishonest
D.hewantedtokeephispresentjob
4.Whatdoesthewriterlearnfromhisexperience?
A.Wealthismoreimportantthananythingelse.
B.Obeyingtherulesmeansmorethancompassion.
C.Experienceisbettergainedthroughpractice.
D.Helpingothersiseasiersaidthandone.
B
TheEnglishwriterSamuelJohnsonfamouslysaid,“YoufindnomanwhoiswillingtoleaveLondon.No,sir,whenamanistiredofLondon,heistiredoflife,forthereisinLondonallthatlifecanafford.”MorethantwocenturieshavepassedsinceJohnson’sage,buthiswordsstillringtrue.Here,you’llfindthehistoricTowerofLon
donandtheTateModernbothconsideredmust-sees.Shakespeare’ssonnets(十四行诗)arestillbeingutteredbyactors.Londonersmostcertainlystilllookuptotheroyals,buttheyalsorockouttoColdplayandLilyAllen.Andwhiletheystillsiptea,theynowdrinkStarbucks,too.
HowtoSaveMoneyinLondon
Findthefreeattractions.ManyofLondon’stopthingstodo,includingtheNationalGallery,HydeParkandthePortobelloRoadMarket,areabsolutelyfreetoenjoy.
RidetheTube.Takingtaxiswilladdupquickly,sobuyapay-as-you-goOysterCardandtravelonLondon’sundergroundsystem,nicknamedthe“Tube”.
Dinesmart.CorridorslikeBrickLaneofferfantasticculturalfoodforbargainprices;fishandchipshopsareacheapstandbyandtakeawayfoodcostslessthandine-in.
LondonCulture&Customs
Londonisoneofthefashioncapitalsoftheworld,anditsresidentstendtoreflectthat.Practically,packanumbrellafortherainydaysandascarfforthecoldones.Asfortipping,restaurantsandcafeswillusuallyadda10-to-15-percentservicechargetothebill.Ifaservicechargeisnotallotted(指定),it’scustomarytotipthesame(between10and15percent).Ifyou’redrinkingatapuborwinebar,tippingi
sflexible.Andinataxicab,tipthedrivertothenearestpoundorabout10percentofthecost.
LondonDining
Londonusedtobehighlycriticizedforitsheavyandcommonmenuitems.Now,Londonisconsideredasoneofthemostgourmetcitiesintheworld.Andwithitsmeltingpotofcultures,it’snotdifficulttoseewhy.LondonofferseverythingfrommodernBritishtoMalaysian.ForIndianfood,wesuggestvisitingthecurryhousesonBrickLane.Ifyouwantarealhighteaexperience,bookreservationsattheRitz,atFortnum&Mason,orattheDorchester—butbesuretodressthepart.Pubcultureisstillaliveandwell,soifyouhaveahankeringforfriedfishandsaltychips(orFrenchfries),you’llstillfindthemhere.Andforaquickbite,exchangeafewpoundsforakebab,aquicksandwichorsometogosushi,whichcanbefoundinrestaurantsthroughoutthecity.
5.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?
A.LifeinLondonisexcitingbuttiring.
B.Londonersaretraditionalandfashionconscious.
C.Manywell-knownwritersliketoliveinLondon.
D.CoffeeismorepopularwithLondonersthantea.
6.Theunderlinedword“hankering”inthelastparagraphcanbereplacedby“________”.
A.desireB.respectC.preparationD.talent
7.Inwhichcolumnofanewspapercanwefindthepassage?
A.Culture.B.Travel.C.Education.D.Entertainment.
C
Wearesurroundedbymixedmessagesaboutmistakes:
we'retoldweearnbymakingthem,
butweworkhardtoavoidthem.Sotheresultisthatmostofusknowthatwearegoingtomake
mistakes,butdeepdown,wefeelweshouldn't.
Experimentswithschoolchildrenwhodidwellonagiventestshowthatthosewhowere
praisedforbeingsmartandthen
offeredamorechallengingorlesschallengingtaskafterward
usuallychosetheeasierone.Ontheotherhand,childrenpraisedfortryinghard-ratherthan
beingsmart-farmoreoftenselectedthemoredifficulttask.
Ifwetryhardtoavoidmistakes,wearen'topentogettingtheinformationweneedin
ordertodobetter.Inawritingstudy,experimentsshowedthatthosewhoaresoscaredto
makemistakesperformworseinwritingtasksthanthosewhoaren'tasworriedaboutbeing
perfect.Theyfearreceivinganykindofnegativefeedback,sotheydon'tlearnwheretheywent
wrongandhowtoget
better.
Wedon'tjustlearnmorewhenwe'reopentomistakes,welearndeeper.Researchtellsus
thatifwe'reonlyconcernedaboutgettingtherightanswer,wedon'talwayslearnthe
underlyingconceptsthathelpustrulyunderstandwhateverwe'retryingtofigureout.Mistakes
needtobeseennotasafailuretolearn,butasaguidetowhatstillneedstobelearned.As
ThomasEdisonsaid,“Iamnotdiscouraged,becauseeveryabandonedwrongattemptis
anotherstepforward."
Furthermore,weoftenmakemistakesbecausewetrynewthings-wewanderawayfrom
acceptedpaths.Teflon,penicillin-theseareexamplesofgreatdiscoveriesmadebymistake.
TakeapagefromAlbertEinstein,whosaid,"Anyonewhohasnevermadeamistakehasnever
triedanythingnew."
8.Whatwillhappentostudentspraisedforbeingsmartinfaceofchoosingtaskscomparedto
studentspraisedforworkinghard?
A.Hewillchoosealesschallengingtask.
B.Hewillhidehismistakesfromhisteachers.
C.Hewillworkhardertoavoidmistakes.
D.Hewillaskhisteachersforadvice.
9.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTacceptableaccordingtothepassage?
A.Themoremistakeswemake,themorewelearn.
B.Mistakescanbeusedasapositivefactorforsuccess.
C.Beingopentomistakeshelpyouunderstandthetruth.
D.Astepforwardmaycomefrommistakesyou'vemade.
10.Whatdoesthelastparagraphwanttotellus?
A.Onemustfollowacorrectpathtoavoidmistakes.
B.TobecomeanEinstein,youshouldmakemistakes.
C.Youcan'tmakemistakesunlessyoutrynewthings.
D.Makingmistakesisnotadisadvantageinaway.
11.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Wecanneveravoidmakingmistakeswhenwework.
B.Successcan'tbeachievedwithoutmakingmistakes.
C.Mistakesshouldbetreatedwithacorrectattitude.
D.Tryeverymeanstoavoidmistakesinourdailylife.
D
Expensiveperfumes(香水)comeintinybottles,butmanyhideawhale-sizedsecret.
Toperfectaparticularsmell,perfume-makersoftenuseaningredientthatcomesfrom
spermwhales,calledambergris(龙涎香).Butusingambergris,whichhelpsaperfumelast
longer,isstronglyopposedbymanypeoplewhothinkitiswrongtokillwhalesjustsowecan
smellsweet.JoergBohlmannisneitheraperfumernorawhaleexpert.He'saplantbiologistat
theUniversityofBritishColumbiainCanada.Buthisdiscoveryofanewplantgene(基因)
mightpushwhalesoutoftheperfumebusiness.
Thegenecomesfromfirtrees,foundthroughoutNorthAmericaandcommonlyusedas
Christmastrees.Thetreesproduceachemicalthatcanbeusedinperfumeinplaceof
ambergris-butwithacatch."There'saproblemthatmanypeoplewouldn'tconsider.Inthe
tree,thechemicalismixedwithmanyothers.Thatmakesseparationachallenge,"Bohlmann
says."lt'sliketryingtoisolatesugarfromabiscuit."
Thisiswheresciencebecomesuseful.WhenBohlmannlearnedthatfirtreesproducethe
ambergris-likechemical,hedecidedtousehisgeneknow-howtofindtheinstructionsforhow
tomaketheambergris-substitute.
Bohlmannfoundthatgeneandtookitoutofthetreecells.Thenhedidsomethingthat
mightsoundstrangetosomeonewhodoesn'tworkingenetics:
Bohlmannputthegenefromthe
treeintoyeast(酵母)cells.
Yeastmaysoundfamiliarbecauseit'susedtomakethingslikebread,wineandbeer.
Biologistsliketoworkwithyeastbecauseiteasilyadoptsnewgenesandchangesitsf