Research Methodologies in Translation Studies.pdf

Research Methodologies in Translation Studies.pdf

《Research Methodologies in Translation Studies.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Research Methodologies in Translation Studies.pdf（292页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

ResearchMethodologiesinTranslationStudiesGabrielaSaldanhaandSharonOBrienFirstpublished2013byStJeromePublishingPublished2014byRoutledge2ParkSquare,MiltonPark,Abingdon,OxonOX144RN711ThirdAvenue,NewYork,NY,10017,USARoutledgeisanimprintoftheTaylor&FrancisGroup,aninformabusinessCopyrightGabrielaSaldanhaandSharonOBrien2013NoticesKnowledgeandbestpracticeinthisfieldareconstantlychanging.Asnewresearchandexperiencebroadenourunderstanding,changesinresearchmethods,professionalpractices,ormedicaltreatmentmaybecomenecessary.Practitionersandresearchersmustalwaysrelyontheirownexperienceandknowledgeinevaluatingandusinganyinformation,methods,compounds,orexperimentsdescribedherein.Inusingsuchinformationormethodstheyshouldbemindfuloftheirownsafetyandthesafetyofothers,includingpartiesforwhomtheyhaveaprofessionalresponsibility.Tothefullestextentofthelaw,neitherthePublishernortheauthors,contributors,oreditors,assumeanyliabilityforanyinjuryand/ordamagetopersonsorpropertyasamatterofproductsliability,negligenceorotherwise,orfromanyuseoroperationofanymethods,products,instructions,orideascontainedinthematerialherein.BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationDataAcataloguerecordofthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibraryLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataSaldanha,Gabriela,author.Researchmethodologiesintranslationstudies/GabrielaSaldanhaandSharonOBrien.pagescmIncludesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN978-1-909485-00-6（pbk:

alk.paper）1.Translatingandinterpreting-Research-Methodology.I.OBrien,Sharon,1969-author.II.Title.P306.S2442013418.02-dc232013030989ISBN:

978-1-909485-00-6（pbk）DeltaTypesetters,Cairo,EgyptForFionn,Rebeca,Rin,MartinaThispageintentionallyleftblankResearchMethodologiesinTranslationStudiesAsaninterdisciplinaryareaofresearch,translationstudiesattractsstudentsandscholarswithawiderangeofbackgrounds,whothenneedtofacethechallengeofaccountingforacomplexobjectofenquirythatdoesnotadaptitselfwelltotraditionalmethodsinotherfieldsofinvestigation.Thisbookaddressestheneedsofsuchscholarswhethertheyarestudentsdoingresearchatpostgraduatelevelormoreexperiencedresearcherswhowanttofamiliarizethemselveswithmethodsoutsidetheircurrentfieldofexpertise.Thebookpromotesadiscern-ingandcriticalapproachtoscholarlyinvestigationbyprovidingthereadernotonlywiththeknow-howbutalsowithnewinsightsintohownewquestionscanbefruitfullyexploredthroughthecoherentintegrationofdifferentmethodsofresearch.Understandingcoreprinciplesofreliability,validityandethicsises-sentialforanyresearchernomatterwhatmethodologytheyadopt,andawholechapteristhereforedevotedtotheseissues.Whilenecessarilypartial,thesurveypresentedherefocusesonmethod-ologiesthathavebeenmorefrequentlyappliedandthereforemorethoroughlytested.Itisdividedintofourdifferentchapters,accordingtowhethertheresearchfocusesonthetranslationproduct,theprocessoftranslation,theparticipantsinvolvedorthecontextinwhichtranslationtakesplace.Anintroductorychapterdiscussesissuesofreliability,credibility,validityandethics.Theimpactofourresearchdependsnotonlyonitsqualitybutalsoonsuccessfuldissemination,andthefinalchapterthereforedealswithwhatisalsogenerallythefinalstageoftheresearchprocess:

producingaresearchreport.GabrielaSaldanhaisaLecturerinTranslationStudiesattheDepartmentofEnglishLanguageandAppliedLinguistics,UniversityofBirmingham,UK,wheresheconvenesboththedistanceandcampus-basedMAprogrammesinTransla-tionStudies.Herresearchhasfocusedongender-relatedstylisticfeaturesintranslationandontranslatorstyle,usingcorpuslinguisticsasamethodology.Herteachingfocusesontranslationtheory,researchmethodsandtranslationtechnology.Sheisco-editorofthesecond,revisededitionoftheRoutledgeEn-cyclopediaofTranslationStudies（2009）.Sheisco-editorofTranslationStudiesAbstractsandisontheeditorialboardofInTRAlinea.SharonOBrienisaSeniorLecturerinTranslationStudiesattheSchoolofAp-pliedLanguageandInterculturalStudies,DublinCityUniversity,Ireland,wheresheteachespostgraduateandundergraduatecoursesinTranslationStudies.Herresearchhasfocusedontranslationtechnology,especiallythepost-editingofmachinetranslationoutput,translationprocesses,andcontrolledauthoringusingkeyboardlogging,screenrecordingandeyetracking.Herteachingfocusesontranslationtechnology,softwarelocalization,translationtheoryandresearchmethods.Sheisco-editorofSt.JeromesTranslationPracticesExplainedseriesandatrackeditorforthejournalTranslationSpaces.ThispageintentionallyleftblankContentsAcknowledgementsxiiiChapter1.Introduction1.1MotivationandIntendedaudience11.2Scopeandlimitations21.3Researchmodel,structureandcontentofthebook5Chapter2.Principlesandethicsinresearch2.1Introduction102.2Ontologyandepistemology102.3Researchterminology122.4Typesofresearch142.5Researchquestionsandhypotheses162.6Theliteraturereview192.7Data202.8Qualitative,quantitativeandmixed-methodsapproaches222.9Researchoperationalization232.9.1Measurablevariables252.10Researchquality272.10.1Validity272.10.2Reliability352.10.3Generalizability362.10.4Qualitativemethods,credibilityandwarrantability382.11Researchethics412.11.1Ethicsincontext422.11.2Ethicsapproval432.11.3Informedconsent432.11.4Deception452.11.5Powerrelations452.11.6Protectionfromharm462.11.7Internet-mediatedresearch472.11.8Plagiarism482.12Summary49Chapter3.Product-orientedresearch3.1Introduction503.2Adescriptive/explanatoryapproachtotheanalysisoflanguage503.2.1Criticaldiscourseanalysis513.2.2Corpuslinguistics553.2.3Strengthandweaknessesofcriticaldiscourseanalysisandcorpuslinguistics573.3Designingstudiesincriticaldiscourseanalysisandcorpuslinguistics613.3.1Corpus-driven,corpus-based,argument-centredandproblem-baseddesigns61613.3.2Selectinganddelimitingtextsasunitsofinvestigation643.3.3Theneedforcomparativedata663.3.4Corpustypology673.4Buildingcorpora703.4.1Corpusdesigncriteria713.4.2Annotationandalignment763.5Analyzingtextsandcorpora803.5.1Thelinguistictoolkit803.5.2Faircloughsrelationalapproachtocriticaldiscourseanalysis833.5.3Thetoolsofcorpusanalysis853.5.4Addressingissuesofqualityincriticaldiscourseanalysisandcorpuslinguistics923.6ResearchontranslationqualityassessmentIntroduction953.6.1Strengthsandweaknesses963.6.2Design973.6.3WhichQAmodel（s）?

1003.6.4Datacollection1053.6.5Analysis1073.7Summary108Chapter4.Process-orientedresearch4.1Introduction1094.1.1Commontopics1114.2Generaltranslationprocessresearchissues1134.2.1Design1134.2.2Dataelicitation1184.2.3Analysis1194.3Introspection1224.3.1Design1244.3.2Dataelicitation1264.3.3Transcription1284.3.4Analysis1304.4Keystrokelogging1324.4.1Design1334.4.2Dataelicitation1344.4.3Analysis1354.5Eyetracking1364.5.1Design1384.5.2Dataelicitation1414.5.3Analysis1424.5.3.1Analysisoftemporaldata1434.5.3.2Analysisofattentionaldata1434.5.3.3Analysisofdatapertainingtocognitiveeffort1444.5.3.4Analysisoflinkeddata1454.6Complementarymethods1454.6.1Contextualinquiry1454.6.2Personalityprofiling1464.6.3Physiologicalmeasurements1484.7Summary148Chapter5.Participant-orientedresearch5.1Introduction1505.2Questionnaires1515.2.1Overview1515.2.2Strengthsandweaknesses1525.3Designingquestionnairesurveys1535.3.1Operationalization1535.3.2Numberandphrasingofquestions1545.3.3.Openandclosedquestions1575.3.4Likertscales1575.3.5Pilottesting1585.3.6Reliabilityandvalidity1595.3.7Ethicalconsiderations1615.4Datacollectionusingquestionnaires1635.4.1Sampling1645.4.2Responserate1655.4.3Internet-mediatedcollectionmethods1665.5Interviewsandfocusgroups1685.5.1Overview1685.5.2Strengthsandweaknesses1695.6Designinginterviewsandfocusgroups1715.6.1Typesofinterviewsandfocusgroups1725.6.2Designinginterviewandfocusgroupschedules1745.6.3Languageissues1775.6.4Piloting1785.6.5Ethicalconsiderations1795.7Elicitingdatausinginterviewsandfocusgroups1805.7.1Samplingandrecruitingparticipants1805.7.2Interviewingandmoderating:

Basicprinciplesandkeychallenges1845.7.3Face-to-face,telephoneandInternet-mediatedinterviewsandfocusgroups1865.8Analyzingqualitativedata1885.9Analyzingquantitativedata1945.10Dataanalysisinmixedmethodsresearch2015.11Summary204Chapter6:

Context-orientedresearch:

casestudies6.1Introduction2056.2Definitionofcasestudy2076.3Whentousecasestudies2096.4Casestudydesign2116.4.1.Typesofcasestudies2116.4.2Delimitingcasestudies2156.5Collectingdata2176.5.1Writtensources2186.5.2Verbalreports2206.5.3Observation2216.5.4Physicalartefacts2246.5.5Quantitativedata2246.5.6Usingadatabasetomanagedata2246.5.7Ethicalconsiderations2256.6Analyzingcase-studydata2276.6.1Generalprinciples2276.6.2Practicalsuggestions2306.6.3Computer-aidedqualitativeanalysis2316.7Summary232Chapter7:

Conclusion:

Theresearchreport7.1Introduction2347.2Structuringthereport2347.3Framingthereport:

introduction,literaturereviewandconclusion2367.4Reportingmethods2377.5Reportingqualitativedata2407.6Reportingquantitativedata2417.7Reportinglinguisticdata2427.8Summary242References244Index270Lis