英语口译笔记速记符号大全.docx
《英语口译笔记速记符号大全.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语口译笔记速记符号大全.docx（16页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
英语口译笔记速记符号大全
英语口译笔记速记符号大全
一．缩写词:
AbbreviationsinNotetaking
Useonlytheabbreviationsthatfityourneedsandthatyouwillremembereasily.Agoodideaistointroduceonlyafewabbreviationsintoyournotetakingatatime
1．Symbolshelpfulinmath--thesearecommonlyusedintextsandreferences.
S =sum
f=frequency
Leaveoutperiodsinstandardabbreviations.
cf =compare
e.g.=example
dept =department
Useonlythefirstsyllableofaword.
pol =politics
dem =democracy
lib =liberal
cap=capitalism
Useentirefirstsyllableandonly1stletterof2ndsyllable.
pres =presentation
subj =subject
ind=individual
cons =conservative
Eliminatefinalletters.Usejustenoughofthewordtoformarecognizableabbreviation.
assoc =associate
biol=biology
info = information
ach =achievement
chem =chemistry
max=maximum
intro =introduction
conc =concentration
min =minimum
rep =repetition
Omitvowels,retainonlyenoughconsonantstogivearecognizableskeletonoftheword.
ppd=prepared
prblm=problem
estmt =estimate
bkgd=background
gvt=government
Useanapostropheinplaceofletters.
am't=amount
cont'd=continued
gov't=government
educat'l=educational
Formthepluralofasymbolorabbreviatedwordbyaddings.
chpts =chapters
egs =examples
fs =frequencies
intros=introductions
Usegtorepresentingendings.
ckg =checking
estg =establishing
decrg =decreasing
exptg =experimenting
Spelloutshortwordssuchasin,at,to,but,for,andkey.
Abbreviationsorsymbolsforshortwordswillmakethenotestoodensewithshorthand.
Leaveoutunimportantwords.
Leaveoutthewordsaandthe.
Ifaterm,phrase,ornameiswrittenoutinfullduringthelecture,substituteinitialswhenevertheterm,phrase,ornameisusedagain.Forexample,CenterforAerospaceSciencesbecomesCASthereafter.
Usesymbolsforcommonlyrecurringconnectiveortransitionalwords.
&=and
w/=with
w/o=without
vs =against
\=therefore
= =isorequal
2.Usetechnicalsymbolswhereapplicable.
zb = German,forexample
ibid = Latin,thesamework
o = degrees
H2O = water
Morereference:
Usestandardmaths,accounting,andsciencesymbols.Examples:
+plus
//parallel
Usestandardabbreviationsandleaveoutfullstops.Examples:
egexample
ITdeptInformationTechnologydepartment
UKUnitedKingdom
Useonlythefirstsyllableofaword.Examples:
marmarketing
cuscustomer
cliclient
Usetheentirefirstsyllableandthefirstletterofthesecondsyllable.Examples:
subjsubject
budgbudget
indindividual
Todistinguishamongvariousformsofthesameword,usethefirstsyllableoftheword,anapostrophe,andtheendingoftheword.Examples:
tech'gytechnology
gen'iongeneralisation
del'ydelivery
Usejustenoughofthebeginningofawordtoformarecognisableabbreviation.Examples:
assocassociated
achachievement
infoinformation
Omitvowelsfromthemiddleofwords,retainingonlyenoughconsonantstoprovidearecognisableskeletonoftheword.Examples:
bkgdbackground
mvmtmovement
prblmproblem
Formthepluralofasymbolorabbreviatedwordbyadding's.'Examples:
custscustomers
fsfrequencies
/sratios
Use'g'torepresent'ing'endings.Examples:
decrgdecreasing
ckgchecking
estblgestablishing
Spellout,ratherthanabbreviateshortwords.Examples:
in
but
as
key
Leaveoutunimportantverbs.Examples:
is
was
were
Leaveoutunnecessaryarticles.Examples:
a
an
the
Ifaterm,phrase,ornameisinitiallywrittenoutinfullduringthetalkormeeting,initialscanbesubstitutedwhenevertheterm,phrase,ornameisusedagain.Example:
JanuaryAdvertisingCampaignBudgetJACB
Usesymbolsforcommonconnectiveortransitionwords.Examples:
@at
2to
4for
&and
w/with
w/owithout
vsagainst
Createyourownsetofabbreviationsandsymbols.Youmaywishtodevelopseparatesetsofsymbolsandabbreviationsfordifferentcoursesorsubjects.
OtherSymbolsandAbbreviations
asaresultof/consequencesof<--->
resultingin--->
and/also+
equalto/sameas=
followingff
mostimportantly*
lessthan<
greaterthan>
especiallyesp.
缩略词
英语当中缩略词使用的频率很高，如IMP:
important,ASAP:
assoonaspossible。
很显然如果能熟练掌握缩略词，会对考试大有裨益。
缩略词的写法一般为四种方式：
F拿掉所有元音
MKT:
market
MGR:
manager
MSG:
message
STD:
standard
RCV:
receive
F保留前几个字母
INFOinformation
INSinsurance
EXCHexchange
IoweyouIOU
InsteadofI/O
F保留开头和结尾个发音字母
WKweek
RMroom
PLpeople
F根据发音
Rare
THOthough
THRUthrough
高级口译听力常用英语缩略词表
缩略词原词
APTApartment
ACCAccountant
ACDGAccording
ACPTAccept
ADAdvertisement
ADSAddress
ADVAdvice
AMAPAsmuch/manyaspossible
AMTAmount
APVApprove
ASAPAssoonaspossible
BALBalance
BLDGBuilding
CERTCertificate
CFMConform
CNCLCancel
CNFConference
CMICommission
CMPComplete
CMPECompete/competitive
CMUCommunication
CONCConcern/concerning/concerned
CONDCondition
CO.Company
DEPTDepartment
DISCDiscount
DPTDeparture
EXCHExchange
EXPLNExplain
EXTExtent
FLTFlight
FNTFinal
FRTFreight
FYRForyourreference
GDGood
GUARGuarantee
H.O.Homeoffice
INFOInformation
IMPSImpossible
IMP（T）Important
INCDInclude
INDIVIndividual
INSInsurance
INTSTInterested
I/OInsteadof
IOUIoweyou
IVOInviewof
MANUFManufacture
MDLModel
MEMOMemorandum
MGRManger
MINMinimum
MKTMarket
MSGMessage
NCRYNecessary
NLTNolaterthan
OBSObserve
OBTObtain
ORDOrdinary
PATPatent
PCPiece
PKGPacking
PLPeople
PLSPlease
POSNPosition
POSS（BL）Possible
PRODProduct
QLTYQuality
QUTYQuantity
RCVReceive
REFReference
REGLRegular
REPRepresentative
RESNReservation
RPTRepeat
RESPONResponsible
SECSection
SITNSituation
STDStandard
TELTelephone
TEMPTemporary
TGMTelegraph
THOThough
TKSThanks
TRDTrade
TRFTraffic
TTLTotal
UYou
URYour
WKWeek
WLWill
WTWeight
XLExtralarge
字母、图像
Z表示"人"people/person，因为"Z"看上去像个人头，它通常被写在一个词或符号的右上角。
例如：
日本人：
JZ。
C表示政府，统治：
government，govern希腊字母C读/ga:
ma/,近似government,所以就用C来表示govern,government。
governmentalofficial可以表示为CZ
P表示政治：
politics,political希腊字母P读/pai/,近似politics,political。
那么politician就可以表示为PZ
E表示总数：
total,totally,entire,entirely,onthewhole,allinall,tosumup,ect. E数学符号表示总值。
G表示效率：
efficient,effective。
G为效率符号。
Q表示"通货膨胀"：
inflation因为这个符号酷似一个上升的气球。
A表示农业:
agriculture.agriculture经常用到，所以用首字母代替。
B表示商业：
business。
C×表示冲突，矛盾：
conflict，confrontation"C×"中的"×"表示反对，字母"C"将反对的概念缩小为conflict和confrontation。
W表示工作，职业:
work,employ等。
它是work的第一个字母。
所以WZ就可以用来表示worker,而W（Z在字母上方表示employer,在字母下方表示employee）。
i表示工业:
industry,industrial字母i像只烟囱，所以用来可以用来表示工业。
UU看酷似一个酒杯，在笔记中表示合同、协议（treaty,agreement）一般只有在谈判成功、协议成交后才会表示"举杯祝贺"。
如果在U内填入2××××，就可以表示为bilateral（双边的）,填入3表示为trilateral（三边的）。
填入在U中填入1表示:
Unilateralism（单边主义），填入m（multiple）表示多边主义。
如果在U上加一个"/"××××表示谈判破裂。
用箭头、数学符号、标点符号
箭头
g表示到达、传达：
gointo，arriveat，giveto，sendto，presenttoetc.
表示导致、引导：
leadto,resultin,inthedirectionof,etc.
表示屈服：
submitto
f表示来自于：
be/comefrom，return，receivefrom,etc.
表示追溯到：
come/gobackto，originate
h表示上升：
up/upward/rise，increase，arise，ascend,etc.
表示发射、投放市场、发行：
launch，open,start,etc.
表示发展、加强、推进：
develop，strengthen，promote,etc
表示"波折"：
upsanddowns,twistsandturns,etc.
数学符号
+表示"多":
many,lotsof,agreatdealof,agoodmanyof,etc.
++（+2）表示"多"的比较级：
more
+3表示"多"的最高级：
most
－表示"少":
little,few,lack,inshortof/beinshortageofetc.
×表示"错误"、"失误"和"坏"的概念：
wrong/incorrect，somethingbad，notorious，negative,etc.
>表示"多于"概念：
bigger/larger/greater/morethan/betterthan,etc.
表示"高"概念：
superiorto，surpass,etc.
<表示"少于"概念：
less/smaller，etc.
表示"低"概念：
inferiorto，etc.
=表示"同等"概念：
means，thatistosay，inotherwords，thesameas，beequalto,etc.
表示"对手"概念：
amatch,rival,competitor,counterpart,etc.
（）表示"在......之间"：
among,within,etc.
≠表示"不同"概念：
bedifferentfrom,etc.
表示"无敌"概念：
matchless,peerless,etc.
～表示"大约"概念：
about/around，orso，approximately,etc.
/表示"否定"，"消除"等概念：
crossout,eliminate,etc.
标点等
:
表示各种各样"说"的动词：
say,speak,talk,marks,announce,declare,etc.
表示"问题"：
question，issue，例如：
台湾问题：
tw
.（dot）这个"."点的位置不同表示的概念也不一样".d"表示yesterday,".y"表示lastyear,".2m"表示twomonthago。
"y"表示thisyear,"y2."twoyearlater"nextweek",可以表示为"wk."
∧表示转折
√表示"好的"状态，right/good，famous/well-known，etc.
表示"同意"状态，standupfor，support，agreewithsb,certain/affirmative,etc.
☆表示"重要的"状态：
important，exemplary（模范的）best，outstanding，brilliant，etc.
n表示"交流"状态：
exchange，mutual,etc.
&表示"和"，"与"：
and，togetherwith，alongwith，accompany，alongwith，furthermore，etc.
∥表示"结束"：
end，stop，halt，bringsthtoastandstill/stop,etc.
升级会员 