学年高中英语Unit2TheUnitedKingdomReading课时作业1新人.docx

学年高中英语Unit2TheUnitedKingdomReading课时作业1新人.docx

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学年高中英语Unit2TheUnitedKingdomReading课时作业1新人

Unit2TheUnitedKingdom

Reading

第一节：

阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

EverywhereIlookoutsidemyhomeIseepeoplebusyontheirhightechdevices,whiledriving,walking,shopping,evensittingintoilets.Whenconnectedelectronically,theyareawayfromphysicalreality.

Peoplehavebeeninfluencedtobeetechnologyaddicted.Onesurveyreportedthat“addicted”wasthewordmostmonlyusedbypeopletodescribetheirrelationshiptoiPadandsimilardevices.Onestudyfoundthatpeoplehadahardertimeresistingtheallureofsocialmediathantheydidforsleep,cigarettesandalcohol.

Themaingoaloftechnologypaniesistogetpeopletospendmoremoneyandtimeontheirproducts,nottoactuallyimproveourqualityoflife.Theyhavesuccessfullycreatedaculturaldisease.Consumerswillinglygiveuptheirfreedom,moneyandtimetocatchuponthelatestinformation,tokeeppacewiththeirpeersortoappearmodern.

Iseepeopletrappedinapathological（病态的）relationshipwithtimesuckingtechnology,wheretheyservetechnologymorethantechnologyservesthem.Icallthistechnologyservitude.Iamreferringtoalossofpersonalfreedomandindependencebecauseofuncontrolledconsumptionofmanykindsofdevicesthateatuptimeandmoney.

Whatisahealthyuseoftechnologydevices?

Thatisthevitalquestion.Whoisreallyinchargeofmylife?

Thatiswhatpeopleneedtoaskthemselvesifwearetohaveanychanceofbreakingupfalsebeliefsabouttheiruseoftechnology.Whenwecanlivehappilywithoutusingsomuchtechnologyforadayoraweek,thenwecanregaincontrolandpersonalfreedom,beethemasteroftechnologyanddiscoverwhatthereistoenjoyinlifefreeoftechnology.MaeWestisfamousforthewisdomthat“toomuchofagoodthingiswonderful.”Butit'stimetodiscoverthatitdoesnotworkfortechnology.

RichardFernandez,anexecutivecoachatGoogleacknowledgedthat“wecanbesweptawaybyourtechnologies.”Tobreakthegranddigitalconnectionpeoplemustconsiderhowlifelongagocouldbefantasticwithouttoday'soverusedtechnology.

21．Theunderlinedword“allure”inParagraph2probablymeans________.

A．advantageB．attraction

C．adaptionD．attempt

22．Fromthepassage,technologypaniesaimto________.

A．attractpeopletobuytheirproducts

B．providethelatestinformation

C．improvepeople'squalityoflife

D．dealwithculturaldiseases

23．What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardstheoverusingofhightechdevices?

A．Neutral.B．Skeptical.

C．Disapproving.D．Sympathetic.

答案与解析

文中讲述人们过度使用科技的弊端，反对大众对科技的过度依赖。

B

StoreScent（香味）

Whatisthefirstthingyounoticewhenyouwalkintoashop?

Theproductsdisplayed（展示）attheentrance?

Orthesoftbackgroundmusic?

Buthaveyouevernoticedthesmell?

Unlessitisbad,theanswerislikelytobeno.Butwhileashop'sscentmaynotbeoutstandingparedwithsightsandsounds,itiscertainlythere.Anditisprovingtobeanincreasinglypowerfultoolinencouragingpeopletopurchase.

Abrandstorehasbeefamousforitsdistinctivescentwhichfloatsthroughthefairlydarkhallandouttotheentrance,viascentmachines.Asmellmaybeattractivebutitmaynotjustbeusedforfresheningair.Onesportsgoodspanyoncereportedthatwhenitfirstintroducedscentintoitsstores,customers'intentiontopurchaseincreasedby80percent.

WhenitestothebestshoppingstreetsinParis,scentisjustasimportanttoabrand'ssuccessasthequalityofitswindowdisplaysandgoodsonsale.Thatismainlybecauseshoppingisaverydifferentexperiencetowhatitusedtobe.

Someyearsago，thefocusforbrandnameshoppingwasonafewpeoplewithsalesassistants'disprovingattitudeanddon'ttouchwhatyoucan'tafforddisplays.Nowtheriseofelectronicmerce（emerce）hasopenedupfamousbrandstoawideraudience.Butwhileeshopscanusesightsandsounds,onlybricksandmortarstores（实体店）canofferafullexperiencefromtheminutecustomersstepthroughthedoortothemomenttheyleave.Anotherbrandstoreseekstobemuchmorethanashop,butratheradestination.Andscentisjustonewaytoachievethis.

Now,afamousstoreusesplexmanmadesmelltomakesurethatthesoftscentofbabypowderfloatsthroughthekiddepartment,andcoconut（椰子）scentintheswimsuitsection.Adepartmentstorehasevenopenedanewlab,invitingcustomersonajourneyintothestore'swindowstosmellbooks,potsanddrawers,insearchoftheirperfectscent.

24.Accordingtothepassage,whatisanincreasinglypowerfultoolinthesuccessofsomebrandstores?

A.Friendlyassistants.

B.Uniquescents.

C.Softbackgroundmusic

D.Attractivewindowdisplay.

25.Eshopsarementionedinthepassageto________.

A.showtheadvantagesofbricksandmortarstores

B.urgeshopassistantstochangetheirattitude

C.pushstorestousesightsandsounds

D.introducetheriseofemerce

26.Theunderlinedword“destination”inParagraph5means________.

A.aplatformthatexhibitsgoods

B.aspotwheretravelersliketostay

C．aplacewherecustomerslovetogo

D.atargetthatastoreexpectstomeet

27.Themainpurposeofthepassageisto________.

A.pareandevaluateB.examineandassess

C.argueanddiscussD．informandexplain

C

YoumaynothaveheardofAshoka,butforthepast27years,thisassociation,foundedbyBillDrayton,hasfoughtpovertyandsickness,promotededucationandencouragedsmallbusinesses.Tosupporttheseworthycauses,Ashokaprovidesmoneyfortheworld'smostpromising“changemakers”seekingtosolveurgentproblemsandwouldliketocreateaworldinwhicheverycitizenisachangemaker.

Draytonbelievesthatanyonecanbeeanagentforchange.Theimportantthingistosimplygiveyourselfpermission.Ifyouseeaproblemthatyoucareabout,youcanhelpsolveit.Theyounginparticulararewillingtoacceptthisconceptbecauseathearteverychildwantstogrowintoahappy,healthy,contributingadult.Infact,itismanyyoungpeople'sambitiontosetupprogrammesorbusinessesthatimprovesocialconditions.AnexcellentexampleisanAshokaprojectstartedin1995inDhaka,whichhandledtherubbishproblemfacingthecity,helpedlocalfarmersandprovidedanineforpoorpeoplethere.

WhenMasqsoodandIftekharbegantostudytheproblemofalltheuncollectedrubbishthatlayinDhaka'sstreets，attractingratsanddisease,theydiscoveredthat80%ofitwasnaturalwaste.Sotheyeducatedthepoorpeopleinthecitytopost（把……制成堆肥）thiswaste.Theyknewthattheywouldhaveamarketfortheendproductbecauselocalfarmerswerestrugglingwithchemicalfertilisers（化肥）whichwereexpensiveandhadreducedthenaturalmineralsinthesoilovertheyears.Atfirst,theywererefused，butoncetheywereabletopersuadethemthattherewasmoneytobemade,theprojecttookoff.In2009saleswere$14,000.

DraytonisoptimisticthatintenyearsAshokawillbemakingreallyserious，practicalprogressinbringingaboutsocialchangebychangingthewaywelookateconomicdevelopment.

28.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ChangemakersB.Businessmen

C.SocialConditionsD．RubbishProblem

29.Theunderlinedword“them”inParagraph3probablyrefersto“________”．

A.thelocalfarmers

B.MasqsoodandIftekhar

C.Draytonandhisteam

D.thepoorpeopleinDhaka

30.Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatanyonecanbeeachangemakerifhe________.

A.considersDrayton'sconcept

B.getspermissionfromAshoka

C.triestoimprovesocialconditions

D.isayoung,happyandhealthyadult

31.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsAshoka'sprogramcanbedescribedas________.

A.changingB.forgiving

C.cautiousD.positive

D

Whendifferentspeciesofbirdsflock（聚集）together,theirflightformationsaredeterminedbysocialdynamicsbothbetweenandwithinspecies.

NewresearchfromtheUniversitiesofCambridgeandExeterrevealsforthefirsttimethat,contrarytocurrentmodelsusedtoexplainthemovementofflocks,thedifferencesbetweenbirdspeciesandsocialrelationshipsbetweenindividualsplayacriticalroleindeterminingthedynamicsofmixedspeciesflocks.

Theunified（群集）behaviourofbirdflockshaspuzzledscientistsforhundredsofyears.Onenaturalistfromtheturnofthecenturyevensuggestedtelepathy（心灵感应）maybeinvolved.Therehavesincebeenmorelogicalexplanations,includingmathematicalmodelsthatshowthatrepeatedinteractionsamongindividualsfollowingsimplerulescangeneratecoordinated（协同的）groupmovements.However,thesemodelsusuallyrelyontheassumptionthatindividualswithingroupsareidenticalandinteractindependently,whichmaynotreflectreality.

JolleJolles,aPhDstudentattheUniversityofCambridge'sDepartmentofZoologyandauthorofthepaper,said：

“Spectacularcollectivebehaviourcanbefoundinalargerangeofanimalspecies,andwenowknowthatoftentheseplexcoordinatedgroupmovementsmaybetheresultofindividualsfollowingsimplerules.However,rarelyaretheindividualcharacteristicsandsocialrelationshipswithinthemtakenintoaccount.Ourresearchhighlightsthatthesestrikingdisplaysofgroupbehaviouraremuchmoreplex.”

Byanalysinghighresolutionphotographsofmixedflocksofrooksandjackdaws（bothfromthecorvidfamily）,theresearchersfoundthatratherthanindividualsinteractinginaconsistentfashionthroughouttheflock,interactionsdependedonsocialdynamicsbetweenthedifferentspeciesaswellasrelationshipswithinaspecies.

Theresearchersdiscoveredthatbirdsprefertoflyclosetomembersoftheirownspecies,andthatthelargerandmoredominantrookstakethelead