新东方托福写作总结.docx
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新东方托福写作总结
托福作文得分点：
1、清晰的文章脉络
三部分：
1、开头（introduction）2、主体（mainbody）3、结尾（conclusion）
主题脉络：
论点要有论据，论据要有例子，例子要有细节。
2、自然的段落衔接
重要连词：
1、首先：
firstandfor-most,tobegin/startwith,inthefirstplace,foronething.
2、其次：
furthermore,moreover,inaddition,what'more.
3、最后：
intheend,atlast,ultimately.
3、注意语言、词汇的选用
6大恶心词：
big,important,but,and,think,make.
Big:
might,enormous,tremendous,massive.
Important:
vital,essential,critical,significant.
But:
though,although,despite,whereas,conversely,nevertheless,inspiteof,incontrast,onthecontrary,
regardlessof.
And:
aswellas,togetherwith,alongwith.
Think:
AsIseeit,Frommypointofview,Whereitcomestome,AsfarasIamconcerned.
Make：
使得.
4、字数
综合写作：
200-300.
独立写作：
350-550.
5、避免语法错误
6、符合托福的行文规范：
杜绝口语化的表达（禁止缩写）
审题
2类：
1、单观点：
题干一般为疑问句
2、双观点：
题干中会有比较（prefer,better,_or,_more_important）的词汇
Sample:
Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?
Theonlythingthatgovernmentcandoforenergyconservationistoincreasethepriceofgasolineand
electricity?
Sample:
Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?
Itisbettertouseourpersonalknowledgeandexperieneetosolveproblems,ratherthanaskingotherpeople
foradvice.
Sample:
Somepeopleprefertospendmoneyonsomethingthatlastsforalongtime,suchasanexpensivepieceofjewelry.
Othersprefertospendthemoneyonsomethingthatprovidesashort-termpleasuresuchasavacation.Which
waywouldyouprefer?
立意：
审题之后列提纲，写下简要理由。
注意三点：
1、几条理由：
3条不同角度的理由即可
2、什么是不好的理由：
1、不切题的
Sample:
Whatdiscoveryinthelast100yearshasbeenmostbeneficialforpeopleinyourcountry?
Car-...-Computer_杂交水稻理由不合适于"Discovery”
合适的理由：
DNAdoublehelixstructure（DNA双螺旋结构）
ThediscoveryofoilintheMiddleEast（中东发现石油）
2、含有绝对化的词汇的：
absolutely,definitely,completely,totally,entirely.
Sample:
Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?
Aftertwentyyears,studentswillonIongeruseprintedbooks.
l-maintain-that-printed-books-must-vanish-at-twenty-years-Iater.Because-we-can-download-anything-we-need-from-the-lnternet.观点过于绝对！
！
3、自己都不知道的理由：
提高生活水平：
Upgrade/Advaneethelivingstandard.
提高交流水平：
Improveone'conversationalability.
提高文化水平：
Raiseculturallevel.
3、好的理由：
多功能的理由。
1、经济与效率
经济发展：
economicdevelopment
就业：
Jobopportunities.
税收：
taxrevenue.
投资：
investment.
Sample:
"建造类（政府要在你家旁建造工厂）”
Agree:
becauseof
Itcancreatemorejob/employmentopportunities.
Alotofinvestmentcanbeattractedinthisarea.
Itwillbeanimportantsourceoftaxrevenueforthelocalgovernment.
Itwillhelppromote/stimulatethearea'economicdevelopment.
Disagree:
Becauseof
2、成就与财富
成就感：
senseofachievement.
荣誉感：
senseofhonor.
雄心壮志：
ambition.
动力：
motivation.
财富：
wealth.
压力：
pressure/stress.
丰富的工作经验：
richworkexperienee.
更多晋升机会：
morechaneeforpromotion.
优越的福利条件：
generousbenefitpackages.
灵活性：
flexibility.
高工资：
highsalary.
稳定的收入：
stableincomes.
Sample:
Somepeopleprefertoworkforalargecompany.Othersprefertoworkforasmallcompany.Whichwould
youprefer?
Smallcompany:
Whenitcomestojobsatisfactionandsenseofachievement,alargecompanysimplycannotcompete
withasmallcompany.
Anotherimportantfactoristhatsmallercompaniesalsoprovidetheiremployeesgreat
flexibilityunlikelargecompanies.
3、环境保护与社会发展
保护生态平衡：
maintainthebalaneeofecosystem.
实现可持续发展：
achievesustainabledevelopment.
人类的生存：
human-kindsexistenee.
人类社会的发展：
thedevelopmentofhumansociety
Sample:
Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?
Itismoreimportanttouselandforhumanneedssuchasfarming,housing,andindustrythantosave
itforendangeredanimals.
4、生活与健康
生活态度-显示自己与众不同：
standapartfromrest.
Explain:
Daredevilswhoconstantlyseekgreatexcitementbasicallywanttostandapartfromtherest.
生活内容-是生活丰富多彩：
coloronesdellandboringlife.
Explain:
Somepeoplearesimplymotivatedbythesenseoffunandexcitementthatwillcolortheirdullandboringlife.
身心健康-缓解压力：
relieveonespressure
Explain:
Itcanrelievepeople'pressure.
5、品格与能力
Persistent,optimistic,independent,tolerant,aggressive,brave.
Brave:
ChristopherColumbus;NeilArmstrong.
6、国家与文化
国家发展：
nationaldevelopment.
文化传播：
culturaltransmission.
社会和谐：
socialharmony.
Sportisagloballanguage.
Itcanbridgesocial,culturalandreligiousdivides.
某篇初探
开头、主体、结尾、仅有规定动作。
1、开头：
introduction[topic+thesis]
Topic:
转述题目（不能重抄！
）
Thesis:
提出中心论点。
2、主体：
三段或四段。
3、结尾：
Transitionalwords（过度连词）+Thesis
Sample:
Shouldacitytrytopreserveitsold,historicbuildingsordestroythemandreplacethemwithmodernbuildings?
开头：
Topic:
Somepeoplebelievethatacityshoulddestroyitsoldhistoricbuildingsandreplacethemwithmodern
ones.Others,myselfincluded,haveanoppositeopinion.
Thesis:
Iadvocatethatacityshouldtrytopreserveitsold,historicbuildings.Therearethreeprimaryreasonsasfollows.
主体：
Firstofall,historicbuildingsaresymbolsofcities.Withoutthesehistoricbuildings,alotofcities
wouldlosetheirculturalimageoreventheiridentity.Infact,ahistoricbuildingnotonlyisthesymbol
ofacity,butalsorepresentsthecultureofacountry.Forexample,peopleassociatetheStatueofLiberty
withdemocracyoftheUnitedStates,understandthelonghistoryofChinafromtheGreatWall,andknowthe
innovativeartistryofFrancefromtheEiffelTower.Withoutthesehistoricbuildings,cities,andevencountries,
wouldbeovershadowed.
Inaddition,historicbuildingsserveasanimportantresourceforhistoriceducation.Forinstanee,the
ForbiddenCityisoneofthemostvisitedhistoricbuildingsinChina.Notonlyarepeopleimpressedbyitstraditionalarchitecture,butalsogainrichknowledgeaboutthelifestyleofancientChineseemperorsintheMingandTsingDynasties.
Whatismore,historicbuildingsbenefitthetourismindustry.Lushan,oneofChina'mountains,attracts
millionsofvisitorseveryyear.Notonlyitsnaturalscenicbeauty,butalsoitsabundanthistoricalrelics,
suchasjiangjieshi'villa,makesthismountainaremarkableheritage.Thesehistoricbuildingscontinually
attractvisitors.
结尾段：
Insummary,old,historicbuildingsindeedplayavitalroleinsymbolicsignificaneerepresentation,
historicaleducationandasatourismresourceofacity.Preservingthesebuildingsisnecessary.
开头段落：
使笼统到具体。
方法：
1、分析论题法；
a）现象+中心论点
争论：
debate,dispute,controversy.
热门的：
heated,focused
引起注意:
bebroughtintoattention,beinthelimelight.
面临问题：
confront/befacedwithproblems.
套用句型：
Nowadays,...Isatopicofpublicinterestandconcern.
Atpresent,theproblemof...Innowinthelimelight.
Recentdays,thereisaheateddebateabout...
Recently,thisphenomenonof...Hasloomedupwidepublicconcern.
Sample:
Doyouagreeordisagree:
Governmentsshouldfocusmoreonpreservationofenvironmentratherthaneconomicdevelopment.
Atpresent,theproblemofprotectingtheenvironmentinthecourseofeconomicdevelopmentisnowinthelimelight.Notimeinhistoryhastheissuebecomemoreprominentinthanitisnow,andwearefacedwiththeproblemsofairpollution,forestdisappearaneeanddesertenlarging.
b）摆正反观点：
正反双方观点+作者观点
反对：
oppose,challenge.
主张：
advocated,endorse,setforth.
套用句型：
Somepeopleadvocatethat...,whileopponentssuggestthat...,Asfarasiam
concerned,...
Thequestionof...Isonethathasconcernedmanypeople.Itisheldbysomepeoplethat...Meanwhile,thereisanequallygoodargumentthat...Frommyperspective.
Sample:
知识是从书本获得的还是从实践获得的
Thequestionofwhetherknowledgeisgainedformexperieneeorbooksisonethathasconcernedmanypeople.Itisheldbysomepeoplethateverythinglearnedisderivedformbooks.Meanwhile,thereisanequallygoodargumentthatallknowledgeisaccumulatedfromexperienee.Frommyperspective,bookscanprovideusmoretolearn.
2、引人入胜法：
突出趣味性
用谚语、俗语开头。
谚语：
proverb.
俗语：
saying.
找工作：
huntforjob,seekonesfuturecareer.
Thereisanoldsayingwhichgoesthat_...
Thereisaprofoundproverbwhichgoesthat_...
Sample:
Topic:
Howtolookforajob?
Thereisaprofoundsayingwhichgoesthattwoheadsarebetterthanone.Intheprocessofhuntingforajob,weshouldalwaysremembertotalkwithparents,teachersandheadmastersoranyonewetrust,allofwhompossessrichandinvaluableexperieneeandknowledgefromwhichwesuretobenefitwhenweseekourfuturecareer.
主体部分
一、主体结构
1三段式：
先表明自己的观点，再用3个例子其支撑这一观点。
Sample:
Topic:
Liveinbigcityorsmallcity,whichwouldyouprefer?
Mainpoint:
I'lovetoliveinbigcity,formostreasonisthatItismoreconvenient.（）
and
ExamplethatsupporttheMainpoint:
Ifyouliveinacitythatpoliticsadvaneed,youcouldknowthepoliticalmessagefasterthanothercity,likeBeijing,London,Washington.
Ifyouliveinaeconomicdevelopedcity,themoreconvenienceforwork,medical,shopping
entertainment.
Ifyouliveinafamousculturecity,youcouldsee,couldfeel,couldhearthecharmthatculture
takestoyou,anditcouldalsohavetakenyourtastetoahigherlevel.
2、两段式：
在两种不同的情况下的不同解决方案。
（参考情况：
不同的地点、阶段、年龄、人群、目的）
Sample:
Topic:
旅游，你会选择跟导游or不跟导游？
游览历史文化古迹，跟一一能了解更多典故和知识。
欣赏自然风景名胜，不跟一一可以自己体会感受大自然的风光。
二、每一段的写法
重点先行一一先写分论点
套路：
段开头：
写主题句首先，分论点
段中间：
写支持型细节——其次，具体内容
1、主题句
i、使主题句具体化、方向化：
即，使讨论有方向有话可说。
Sample:
。
nlinegamesareharmful.（话题太大，不好展开）
Changeittothis:
Onlinegamesareharmfulforonespersonalgrowth.
Waterisimportant.（话题太大，不好展开）
Changeittothis:
Waterplaysacriticalroleinthedevelopment
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