新编基础医学英语答案部分解析.docx
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新编基础医学英语答案部分解析
新编基础医学英语答案部分
2
thephysical,mental,emotional,socialandspiritualaspectsofhealth.Itfocusesoneducation
andresponsibilityforpersonaleffortstoachievebalanceandwellbeing.
2.HolisticHealthisatotalapproachtolifebothinphysicalandspiritualterms.Thegoalof
holistichealingistoachievemaximumbodyfunction,whereindividualbodypartsare
functioningtheverybestthatispossiblebythemselves.
3.Inmainstreammedicine,aholisticapproachgenerallymeansamoreinclusiveapproachtoa
person'shealth,onethatincludesthepatient'ssocialandculturalsituationaswellasheror
hisillness.
4.Holisticmedicinecaninvolvetheuseofconventionalandalternativetherapiesbutfocuses
mostlyonlifestylechanges.
5.Holisticmedicinehasitsrootsinseveralancienthealingtraditionsthatstresshealthyliving
andbeinginharmonywithnature.Socratespromotedaholisticapproach.Platowasanother
advocateofholism,advisingdoctorstorespecttherelationshipbetweenmindandbody.
Hippocrates,emphasizedthebody'sabilitytohealitselfandcautioneddoctorsnotto
interferewiththatprocess.Itwasnotuntil1926,however,thatJanChristianSmutscoined
theterm"holism",whichhasgivenusthemoreintegratedconceptofpsychosomatic
medicinenowknownasholisticmedicine.Inthe1970s,"holistic"becameamorecommon
term.
II
1.Holisticmedicine2.Holistichealth3.homeostasis
4.lifestylechanges5.Holisticmedicine
Translation
I
1.整体健康指身体和精神两个方面都健康。
它强调的重点不是具体的病种或患病部位，
而是作为整体的一个人与其所处环境的相互关系情况。
2.任何人无论目前身体状况如何，只要采用整体健康的方法，其健康水平都会有明显的
提高。
3.尽管很多情况下，整体健康和整体医学这两个术语可以交换使用，但整体健康指达到
身体、心理、精神和情感的健康，而整体医学指藉整体健康理论治疗疾病。
4.有人宣称在不采用主流医学即常规医学的条件下仅依靠整体医学就可以有效地治疗癌
症或其它疾病，但现有的科学证据并不支持这种说法。
5.在主流医学中，整体医疗一般指一种更为全面的治疗方法，它不仅治疗疾病，还要考
虑与患者有关的社会和文化情况。
II
1.Holisticmedicinefocusesoneducationandresponsibilityforpersonaleffortstoachieve
balanceandwellbeing.
2.HolisticmedicineisbasedontheverybasiclawofnaturethatstatesthatwholeismadeupofAnswerKey
3
interdependentparts.
3.Holisticmedicinecaninvolvetheuseofconventionalandalternativetherapiesbutfocuses
mostlyonlifestylechanges.
4.Holisticmedicinecanalsoincludenaturalsupplementsthatcausethesamechangesas
conventionaldrugs.
VocabularyStudy
1.optimal2.hypnosis3.holistic4.modality5.encompass
6.intravenous7.equilibrium8.complication9.rehabilitation10.hygiene
TextB
ComprehensionCheck
I
1-4FTFT5-7FTF
II
1.Itisbasedontheconceptthatdiseaseresultsfromdisruptionintheflowofqiandimbalance
intheforcesofyinandyang.
2.Therearethreemaintherapeuticmodalities:
1）AcupunctureandmoxibustionIntraditionalChinesemedicine,theuseofheatfrom
burningtheherbmoxaonorneartheskinatanacupuncturepoint.Intendedto
stimulatetheflowofqiandrestorehealth.
2）ChineseMateriaMedica
3）Massageandmanipulation
3.SomeoftheprimaryAyurvedictreatmentsincludediet,exercise,meditation,herbs,massage,
exposuretosunlight,andcontrolledbreathing.
4.Thecoremodalitiesincludedietmodificationandnutritionalsupplements,herbalmedicine,
acupunctureandChinesemedicine,hydrotherapy,massageandjointmanipulation（the
applicationofcontrolledforcetoajoint,movingitbeyondthenormalrangeofmotioninan
efforttoaidinrestoringhealth）.
5.Itsfounder,GermanphysicianSamuelChristianHahnemann,hypothesizedthatonecan
selecttherapiesonthebasisofhowcloselysymptomsproducedbyaremedymatchthe
symptomsofthepatient'sdisease.Hecalledthisthe"principleofsimilars".
6.Thesesystemsarebasedonthebeliefthatone'sbodyhasthepowertohealitself.Healing
ofteninvolvesmarshallingmultipletechniquesthatinvolvethemind,body,andspirit.
Treatmentisoftenindividualizedanddependentonthepresentingsymptoms.
III
1.allopathic2.traditionalChinesemedicine新编基础医学英语答案部分
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3.Ayurvedicmedicine4.homeopathy，Naturopathy
5.Acupuncture6.one'sbodyhasthepowertohealitself
TextC
1-6GDBFAC
Unit2
PartA
I
Stems/AffixesMeaningExamples
arthr（o）-joint（articulation）arthritis
chondr（o）-cartilagechondral
lumb（o）-loin（lowerback）lumbar
myel（o）-marrow,bonemarrowmyelitis
oste（o）-boneosteomyelitis
thorac（o）-chestthoracic
ten（o）-tendon（tostretch）tenodesis
vertebr（o）-vertebravertebral
-iapathologicalorabnormalconditionanoxia
-trophygrowthhypertrophy
II
1-5BFECB6-10GAIHJ
III
1.cervical2.articular3.intercostals4.myalgia5.leiomyoma
6.pelvic7.osteodynia8.myelosis9.scoliosis10.hypertrophy
PartB
1.CalciumandvitaminDarefundamental.
2.Osteoporosisisactuallyachildhooddiseasethatmanifestsitselflaterinlife.
3.Theboneswillbecomeriddledwithholes,liketheframeofthe
housethathasbeenattackedbytermites.Unit1
PartA
I
PrefixMeaningExamples
bi-
tri-
poly-
two
three
many,much
bilateral
triamyloe
polycystic
hyper-
ab-
ad-
peri-
over,above,excessive,from
awayfrom
to,toward,near
around,surrounding
hypertension
abnormal
adhesion
pericardium
mal-
ant（i）-
hypo-
ill,bad,poor
against
deficient
malnutrition
antibacterial
hypothyroid
II
1-6IFJLAB7-12KCDGEH
PartB
1.Theholidaysaresupposedtobehappy,butitiseasytogainweightandfeelovers
tressed.
2.Avoidnibblingbetweenmeals,chooselow-caloriefoods,anddon'tdrinktoomuch.
3.Indigestion.
4.Becausedrinksarehighlycaloric.
5.Trytoavoiddoingtoomuch,andgetplentyofrest.
Aerobicexercise,calisthenicsandanaerobicexercise.
PartC
TextA
ComprehensionCheck
I
1.Holisticmedicineisasystemofalternatemedicine.Itvisualizesthebodyasawholeand
viewsbodyasmorethanthesumoftheparts.Ittriestoattainaperfectharmonybyfostering
acooperativerelationshipamongallthoseinvolved,leadingtowardsoptimalattainmentofAnswerKey
5
4.Yes.Thebrokenbonescancausedeformity,chronicpainordisability.
5.ItstrikesabouteightmillionwomenintheUnitedStatesandmenacestwomillionmen.
6.Yes.Calcium,vitaminDandexercisearecrucialinpreventingosteoporosis.
PartC
TextA
ComprehensionCheck
1.osteoblastsosteocytesosteoclasts2.bonemarrow
3.CompactCancellous
4.Skeletalmusclesstriated5.flexorextensor
VocabularyStudy
1.involuntary2.automatically3.Ossificationcomponents
4.multiplying5.fracture6.inflammation7.inherited
8.atrisk9.hereditary10.relieve
Translation
I
1.骨骼由长的纤维性带子—韧带—连接在一起。
软骨是关节内柔韧的、有弹性的物质，
能支持骨骼并能减少关节间骨骼摩擦从而保护骨骼。
2.骨骼肌附着在骨骼上，主要分布于上下肢、腹部、胸部、颈部和颜面部。
由于显微镜
下可见骨骼肌纤维上有横向条纹，所以骨骼肌又称为横纹肌。
3.如果未经充分热身就做剧烈运动或肌肉对运动不习惯（如新运动项目或长期未做的熟
悉项目），就会发生肌肉拉伤。
而扭伤通常是脚踝或膝盖扭曲发生的损伤，
4.身体某个部位承受过度压力会引发重复性过度劳累损伤，引起炎症（疼痛和肿胀）、
肌肉拉伤或组织破坏。
5.肌营养不良是一组累及肌肉的遗传性疾病，会逐渐使肌肉无力、萎缩。
II
1.Ossificationiswhenthecartilageisreplacedbyharddepositsofcalciumphosphateand
stretchycollagen,thetwomaincomponentsofbone.
2.Cardiacmuscleisfoundintheheart.Thewallsoftheheart'schambersarecomposedalmost
entirelyofmusclefibers.
3.Arthritisistheinflammationofajoint,andpeoplewhohaveitexperienceswelling,warmth,
pain,andoftenhavetroublemoving.
4.Exercisingregularlyandgettingplentyofcalciumwhenyou'reakidandteencanprevent
ordelayyoufromgettingosteoporosislaterinlife.
TextB
ComprehensionCheck新编基础医学英语答案部分
6
I
1-5FTFTF
II
1.Theybreakdowncomplexproteinsintosmallerfragmentsofaminoacidchains.
2.Osteoarthritisiscausedbyanabnormalreleaseofenzymesfromcartilagecells,whichlead
tocartilagebreakdownandprogressivejointdestruction,andthusosteoarthritis.
3.Theactivatedimmunecellsofthecartilageenterthesynovialmembrane,produce
proinflammatorycytokineswhichtriggeralocalinflammatoryresponse,andultimately
resultinpain,swellingandlossofjointmovement.
4.Becauseanothergroupofmolecules,adhesionmolecules,makesthesurfaceoftheactivated
immunesystemsticky,enablingthemtocontinuemovingintothesynoviainlargenumber.
Writing
Systemenzymescaneffectivelyreducetheproductionofcytokinesresponsiblefortriggering
alocalinflammatoryresponsebytheactivatedimmunecells,andinhibittheirinvasionof
synovia.Meanwhile,ithasbeenfoundoutthatsystemenzymescanalsodecreasethenumberof
"dockingports"whichanchorthereceptorproteins.Moreimportant,theycanbreakdownthe
celladhesionmolecules,blockingthehighwayoftheactivatedimmunecellsintothesynovia.
Bytheirinterferencewiththebasicprocessoftheactivatedimmunecells'sautoimmuity,the
numberofimmunecomplexesisreduced,andtheyhelpreducethepainandregionalswelling
arereducedandgraduallyimprovetheconditionofthejoints.
TextC
I
1.Mainstreammedicineisadoptinghypnosisinthemedicaltreatmentanddoctorsof
psychologylearnsomehypnosisaspartoftheirformaltraining.
2.Thehypnosisexpertwillcapturetheperson'sattention,narrowitandguideit.
3.No.Itisbecausenoteveryonecanbehypnotizedandit'salsonotclearhowmanysessionsit
takestobeeffective.
4.Itisbecausethehumanpsycheisacomplicatedandsometimesmuddledthing.Some
conflictedunconsciousthoughtsworkagainstone'sbestconsciousefforts.
5.It'sacombinationofphysicalrelaxationandmentalacuity.AnswerKey
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1.NosingletestcanconfirmadiagnosisofPD,becausethesymptomsvaryfrompersonto
person.
2.Thebrainisalsoprotectedbytheblood-brainbarrierthatpreventssometoxicsubst
ancesinthebloodfromreachingthebrain.
3.Nerveimpulsestravelmuchfasterinnerveswithamyelinsheaththaninthosewithoutone.
4.Alossofbloodflowtothebra
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