整理新版人教版八年级英语下册各单元知识点汇总.docx
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整理新版人教版八年级英语下册各单元知识点汇总
FEB2019//PREPAREDBYDAVIDSMITH
人教版英语八年级下册
Unit10I'vehadthisbikeforthreeyears
知识点总结及单元测试卷(附答案)
【教材内容解析】
SectionA
1.Amywantstokeepheroldthingsbecausetheybringbacksweetmemories.(P.73)
bringback在句中意为“使……回忆起”。
Yourarticlebringsbackhappymemoriestome.
2.Youcanalsogiveoldthingsawaytopeopleinneed.(P.73)
inneed意为“需要”,在句中作后置定语。
Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.
3.Andcheckoutthesesofttoysandboardgamesforyoungerkids.(P.74)
checkout意为“查看、核查”。
Imadeaphonecalltocheckouthisaddress.
4.Wehavealreadyclearedoutalotofthingsfromourbedrooms.(P.75)
clearout意为“清理、丢掉”,代词作宾语时,要放在两者之间。
Theshelfinyourroomisoldanduseless.Clearitout.
5.Wehavedecidedtoeachsellfivethingsthatwenolongeruse.(P.75)
nolonger意为“不再”,相当于“not...anylonger”多用于表示状态或延续性的动词连用,强调从时间上说不再做某事;nomore/notanymore则表示动作不再重复出现,强调从程度上来说不再做某事。
Henolongersmokes.=Hedoesn’tsmokeanylonger.
Icannomoreeat.=Ican’teatanymore.
6.Forexample,hehasownedatrainandrailwaysetsincehisfourthbirthday,andheplayedwithitalmosteveryweekuntilhewasaboutseven.(P.75)
own此处用作及物动词,表示“拥有、有”。
Manymorepeoplenowowntheirownhomes.
7.Mydaughterwasmoreunderstanding,althoughshealsofeltsadtopartwithcertaintoys.(P.75)
partwith意为“放弃、交出”,后接名词或者代词作宾语。
Shehadtopartwithherpetcatwhenshewentabroad.
8.Asforme,Ididnotwanttogiveupmyfootballshirts,but,tobehonest,Ihavenotplayedforawhilenow.(P.75)
(1)asfor意为“至于、关于”,用于连接前面所谈论的内容,并转入一个新的话题。
Asfortheman,Iknownothingabouthim.
9.tobehonest意为“说实在的、说实话”,在句中用作插入语,相当于totellthetruth。
Tobehonest,Idon’tlikeyournewdress.
10.JimhasbeeninJapanforthreedays.(P.76)
“have/hasbeenin+地点名词”表示“在某地已经多长时间了”。
IhavebeeninJinanfortwoyears.
SectionB
11.Somepeoplestillliveintheirhometown.However,othersmayonlyseeitonceortwiceayear.(P.78)
some...others...意为“一些……,另一些……”。
Somestudentsareplayingbasketballintheplayground,andothersareswimming.
12.Nowadays,millionsofChineseleavethecountrysidetosearchforworkinthecities.(P.78)
searchfor意为“搜寻、寻找”,相当于lookfor。
Thepolicearesearchingforthatman.
13.AmongtheseisZhongWei,a46-year-oldhusbandandfather.(P.78)
辨析:
between与among
between
一般指“在两者之间”
SheissittingbetweenLucyandLily.
她正坐在露西和莉莉之间。
among
指“在三者或三者以上之中”
Hebuiltahouseamongthetrees.
他在树林中建了一座房子。
14.It’sashame,butIjustdon’thavethetime...(P.78)
shame此处用作可数名词,意为“令人惋惜的事”,常与不定冠词a搭配使用。
It’sashameforyounottoseethefilm.
15.ManypeoplelikeZhongWeiregardwithgreatinteresthowtheirhometownshavechanged.(P.78)
regard用作动词,表示“认为、看待”,regard...as...表示“把……看作……”。
WeregardLangLangasoneofthegreatestpianistsintheworld.
16.AccordingtoZhongWei,however,somethingswillneverchange.(P.78)
accordingto意为“依据、按照”。
Accordingtotheweatherreport,itwillbesunnytomorrow.
17.Inmyhometown,therewasabigoldtreeoppositetheschool.(P.78)
opposite此处用作介词,表示“与……相对、在……对面”,相当于acrossfrom。
Iliveoppositethebank.
JohnissittingoppositeMary.
18.Mostofthechildreninmytimelikedtoplaytogetherunderthatbigtree,especiallyduringthesummerholidays.(P.78)
especiallyadv.“尤其,特别”,是especial的副词形式;especialadj.“特别的,特殊的”。
Iamespeciallybusyonthisweekends.
Thisisanespecialday.
9.consider(P.79)
considerdoingsth.“考虑做某事”
Heconsideredsellinghisoldhouseandbuyingabigone.
considersb./sth.tobe“认为……是……”
Allofusconsiderhertobeakindandhelpfulteacher.
considersb./sth.as“把……认为是……”
Youshouldn’tconsiderhimafool.
【重点短语和句型归纳】
重点短语
1.these days 目前;现在
2. regard with great interest 以极大的兴趣关注着
3. in my time 在我那个年代
4. so far 迄今;到现在为止
5. in need 需要
6. not…anymore 不再……
7. welcome to sp.欢迎来到……
8. check out 察看;观察
9. board games 棋类游戏
10. one last thing 最后一样东西
11. junior high school 初级中学
12. clear out 清理
13. no longer 不再;不复
14. toy monkey 玩具猴
15. part with 与……分开
16. to be honest 说实在的
17. ride a bike 骑自行车
18. have a yard sale 进行庭院拍卖会
19. one’s old things 某人的旧东西
20. bring back sweet memories 勾起甜美的回忆
21. regard…as将……认为
22. play for a while 玩一会儿
23. do with... 处置;处理
24. search for work 找工作
25. for the last 13 years 在过去的13年里
26. the mid-20tH century 20世纪中期
27. stay the same 保持原状
28. according to 依据;按照
29. in one’s opinion 依……看
重点句型
19.It’s+adj(+forsb)+todosth(对某人来说)做某事是......
20.decidetodosth决定做某事
21.havebeenin+地点在某处待了多久
22.hopetodosth希望做某事
23.oneof+the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数+V单数最....的...之一是....
24.usedtodosth过去常常做某事
25.needtodosth需要做某事
【语法讲解】
现在完成时(III)
26.非延续性动词也称为短暂性动词或瞬息动词,这类动词所表示的动作往往在“瞬间”就完成了,动作不能“持续”,可以用于完成时态,但在完成时态的句子中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用,如:
sincetwodaysago,fortwoyears等。
如果要表示该动作的延续,就需要将其转换为延续性动词或表示状态的词。
Thefilmstartedtwohoursago.电影是两个小时前开始的。
(正确)
→Thefilmhasbeenonfortwohours.电影已经开始两个小时了。
(正确)
Thefilmhasstarted.电影已经开始了。
(正确)
Thefilmhasstartedfortwohours.电影已经开始两个小时了。
(错误)
常见的非延续性动词有:
die,buy,borrow,lend,come,go,arrive,stop,finish,leave,open,close,begin,start,see,marry,join,hear等。
27.延续性动词,是指动作可以延续的动词,可以跟表示持续一段时间的时间状语连用。
常用的延续性动词有:
keep,have,last,run,eat,drink,sing,sleep,sit,teach,live,stay等。
Ihavekeptthebookfortwodays.这本书我已经借了两天了。
Hewillstayhereforaweek.他要在这里待一周。
28.非延续性动词所表示的动作不能持续,若要跟for或since等表示一段时间的状语,则该非延续性动词要用延续性动词或表示状态的词来替换。
Jimlefthishometownlastyear.吉姆去年离开了家乡。
=Jimhasbeenawayfromhishometownforayear.吉姆离开家乡一年了。
常见的非延续性动词和对应的延续性动词或表示状态的词:
非延续性动词延续性动词/表示状态的词
die→bedead
borrow→keep
buy/catch→have
getup→beup
come/arrive/go→bein/at
finish/stop→beover
leave→beaway(from)
open→beopen
close→beclosed
begin/start→beon
marry→bemarried
join→bein/beamemberof
29.非延续性动词的现在完成时的否定式可以和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,因为非延续性动词的这种否定形式构成一种状态,而这一状态是可以持续的。
例如:
Hehasn’tboughtanysweetsforayear.他已经有一年没有买糖果了。
Ihaven’tseenMr.Zhangforages.我好几年没有看到张先生了。
【单元测试卷】
单项选择(每小题1分,共15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
( )21.WeregardAmy______oneofthemostsuccessfulfilmactresses.
A.to B.with C.as D.of
( )22.—______haveyoulivedinthecountryside?
—Sincefiveyearsago.
A.Howsoon B.HowlongC.Howoften D.Howmuch
( )23.Iammovedbylotsofnews,______thenewsthatMoShuangyi,aschoolboyinYichuncollectedwastesandsoldthemformoneytosavehisfather.
A.actuallyB.usuallyC.probably D.especially
( )24.Cathyhasn’tphonedhermothersinceshe______toAmerica.Hermotherisworriedaboutheralot.
A.goes B.willgoC.went D.hasgone
( )25.—Didyoubuythebikefor200yuan?
—Yes.Ihave______itforabouttwoyears.
A.had B.returnedC.borrowed D.bought
( )26.Oneofmyearliestchildhood______isthatmymotherreadstoriestomebythefire.Ireallyenjoyedthosehappydays.
A.decisions B.developmentsC.memoriesD.achievements
( )27.Yourroomisinamess.Youshould______someofyourjunk.
A.clearout B.checkoutC.findout D.cutout
( )28.—Isyourwatchlost?
—Yes.We______aroundforhours,butcouldn’tfindit.
A.progressed B.searchedC.swept D.threw
( )29.He’sconsidering______ausedcarbecausehedoesn’thave enoughmoneyforanewone.
A.buyB.BuyingC.tobuyD.bought
( )30.Iwassurprisedatthenumberofplantsinsuchasmallroom—I______500.
A.guessed B.reportedC.explained D.counted
( )31.Theteacheroftensaystousthereisno______insaying“Idon’tknow”.
A.successB.pressureC.shame D.change
( )32.Thesebooksarehisfavorites,sohedidn’twantto______anyofthemattheyardsale.
A.partwith B.makeup C.putaway D.takedown
( )33.Ihavebeenbusywithmywork.IwishIcouldfindmuchtime______morereading.
A.do B.todoC.doing D.done
( )34.—WhenwillDavearrivehere?
—Oh,he______.Heiseatinginthediningroom.
A.arrives B.isarrivingC.hasarrived D.arrive
( )35.—WhatdoyouthinkofthedressthatIhavemadeforyou?
—______.JustthewayIwantedittolook.
A.It’sabigdealB.That’sperfect
C.You’rekiddingD.Noproblem
完形填空(每小题1分,共10分)
先通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选择可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
Davidisatallmanwithabrightsmile.TheAmericanhasvisitedmanyinterestingplacesintheworld.NowheisteachinginDongxiang,acounty(县)inGansuProvince.Therepeoplewho 36 himwellusuallycallhimDingDawei.
Davidhasbeenaprimaryschoolteachertheresince2000.Heisavolunteerandhe 37 thechildrenwiththeirEnglish.WhenIfirstmethim,IwassurprisedthathecouldspeakChinesesowell.
DavidwasborninCleveland,Ohio. 38 hewasathird-yearstudentincollege,hecametoChinaandstudiedinPekingUniversity.Oneyear 39 hereturnedtotheUS.In1994,HecametoChinaagainandfounda 40 .BeforecomingtoDongxiang,heworked 41 anEnglishteacherinauniversityforsevenyears.
“ 42 ,IhavebeentomanyplacesinChina.ButIlikeworkinginDongxiang,especiallywithchildreninschoolslikethis,”saidDavid.
Iremember 43 DavidwasonceinvitedtoapopularliveTVprogram.Ontheprogram,he 44 aChinesenationalflagfromhisbackpack(背包).Hesaidthathecarrieditwithhimatalltimes—justto 45 himselfthathewasinChinaandheshouldspeakmoreChinese.Hesaid,“EverytimeIseethenationalflag,Iwillsaytomyself,‘YouareaChineseteachernow.’”
( )36.A.miss B.knowC.guess D.choose
( )37.A.helps B.teachesC.trains D.explains
( )38