版高考英语精准备考一轮浙江专用版讲义Book 6 Unit 5.docx

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版高考英语精准备考一轮浙江专用版讲义Book6Unit5

2019年4月

基础知识默写(学生用书283~284页)

1.equipmentn.设备;装备

equipvt.装备;配备

2.appointvt.任命;委派

appointmentn.约会,约定;任命,委任

3.waven.波浪;波涛vi.波动;起伏;挥手

4.absoluteadj.绝对的;完全的

absolutelyadv.绝对地;完全地

5.suitn.一套外衣;套装vt.适合;使适宜

suitableadj.合适的,适当的

6.potentialn.潜在性;可能性;潜能adj.可能的;潜在的

7.actualadj.实在的;实际的

8.candidaten.候选人;候补者

9.threatn.恐吓;威胁

threatenv.威胁;恐吓

10.shootvt.射中;射伤

11.sweatn.汗;vi.出汗

12.anxiousadj.忧虑的;不安的

anxietyn.担心;焦虑;渴望

13.panicvi.&vt.惊慌n.惊慌;恐慌

14.appreciationn.欣赏;感激;感谢

appreciatevt.欣赏;感激

15.guaranteevt.保证;担保

16.diagramn.图解;图表;示意图

17.questionnairen.问卷;调查表

18.eruptvi.(指火山)爆发;突然发生

eruptionn.火山爆发;(战争等)爆发

19.evaluatevt.评估;评价;估计

evaluationn.评估;评价

20.alongsideadv.在旁边;沿着边prep.在……旁边;沿着……的边

21.fountainn.喷泉;源泉v.泉水般地喷出或涌出

22.databasev.数据库;资料库

23.preciousadj.贵重的;珍贵的

24.documentn.文件;证件

25.tremblevi.摇晃;摇动;颤抖

26.diverseadj.多种多样的;不同的

diversityn.多种多样;多样性

27.bathev.洗澡;游泳

28.protect...from...保护……免受……

29.beappointedas被委派为……

30.burntotheground全部焚毁

31.beabouttodosth.即将做某事;马上就要做某事

32.makeone’sway前往

33.inpanic惊慌地

34.glancethrough匆匆看一遍

35.varyfrom...to...由……到……不等

36.behometo是……的栖息地

37.givebirthto生产;产生

38.Yet,howeverweakweare,wearenotcompletelypowerless.但是无论我们多么脆弱,我们并不是一点力量都没有。

39.Havingcollectedandevaluatedtheinformation,Ihelpotherscientiststopredictwherelavafromthevolcanowillflownextandhowfast.

收集和评估这些信息之后,我就帮助其他科学家一起预测熔岩接着将往何处流,流速是多少。

40.Itissaidthatthisboy,whohadagreatgiftforlanguagesandpersuasion,isthefatheroftheManchupeople.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先,他具有语言天赋和很强的说服能力。

基础知识夯实

Ⅰ.语境填词

1.Ihadtochangemyattitudeabouttheirabilityandpotential(潜力).(2018·天津)

2.Toaidusinimprovingourservice,pleasevisitourwebsiteandcompletethequestionnaire(调查表).

3.Whenthewarwasnear,Aliawasworriedthatthefiresofwarwoulddestroythebooks,whicharemoreprecious(珍贵的)toherthanmountainsofgold.(2017·浙江)

4.Hearingthewords,hetrembled(发抖)withanger.

5.Thenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn’tevenfindthefinishline.Iwokeupsweating(出汗)andnervous.(2018·北京)

6.However,aplancanbearnofruitwithoutbeingactually(实际上)carriedout.(2016·浙江)

7.Sometimelater,myhorsestopped,panting,andIwokeupfrompanic(恐慌).(2018·浙江)

8.Weneedtocarryoutaproperevaluation(evaluate)ofthenewsystem.

9.Childrenrarelyshowanyappreciation(appreciate)forwhattheirparentsdoforthem.

10.Iwouldliketoinviteyoutojoin,sinceyouaregoodattabletennis,andyouarethemostsuitable(suit)person.(2017·全国Ⅲ)

11.Couldwemakeanotherappointment(appoint)togotothebookstoretogether?

(2016·全国Ⅲ)

12.Sometimesdoctorsarethreatened(threat)withviolenceiftheydon’tdowhatpatientswant.

13.Nowadays,moreandmoreChinesehomeshavethetechnologyandequipment(equip)neededtodoonlineshopping.

14.Sleepisabsolutely(absolute)essentialforavoidinghighstresslevels.(2018·四川绵阳三模)

15.Childrennormallyfeelalotofanxiety(anxious)abouttheirfirstdayatschool.

Ⅱ.选词成篇

Onhearingthenewsthattheterriblefloodshitthesouth,thegovernmentimmediatelyappointedthearmyto1.maketheirwaytothedisasterarea,which2.ishometomanyendangeredanimals.Thelocalpeopletogetherwiththearmyguaranteedtosaveeveryone’slife.Manywere3.inpanic,whilemoreandmorevictimswerefoundunconsciousordead.Meanwhile,peopleacrossthewholecountry4.wereanxiousaboutthemandmadetheireffortstohelpthem.

Inorderto5.protectwildlifefrombeingdyingout,manymeasureshavebeentakensincehe6.wasappointedasdirector.Unfortunately,thewholeforestwas7.burnt/burnedtothegroundbyafire,which8.gavebirthtogreatlossestothecountry.He9.wasabouttoresignwhenseveralpolicemenappearedinhisoffice.Hewasarrestedforlackofleadership.

Ⅲ.完成句子

1.IwasabouttogotoyourhometohelpyouwithyourEnglishwhenmyunclecame.(beaboutto)

我正要去你家帮助你学英语,这时我叔叔来了。

2.ItwasreportedthathewasarrestedforspreadingrumorsonSinamicroblog.(itis/was+过去分词+that...)

据报道,由于在新浪微博上传播谣言,他已被逮捕。

3.We’llhavetofinishthejob,howeverlongittakes.(however)

不管花多长时间,我们都得完成这项工作。

4.Havingsufferedsuchheavypollution,itmaynowbetoolatetocleanuptheriver.(现在分词短语作状语)

由于受到相当严重的污染,现在再去净化这条河可能有点太晚了。

1.“图表”集结

(1)diagram图解;图表;示意图

(2)chart图;图表;曲线图

(3)graph图表;曲线图

(4)figure图形

2.“职场”高频动词荟萃

(1)appoint任命

(2)employ雇用

(3)dismiss解雇

(4)hire雇用

(5)fire解雇;开除

(6)resign辞职

(7)retire退休

(8)promote晋升

3.“不同的”形容词

(1)diverse多种多样的;不同的

(2)various多种多样的

(3)different不同的

4.“生育”短语小结

(1)givebirthto生(孩子);产生

(2)bedeliveredof生(孩子)

5.“前往”短语汇总

(1)makeone’swayto前往

(2)leavefor动身去

(3)beboundfor前往

(4)goupto去……

(5)setout/offfor动身去

(1)appointsb.as/tobe...任命某人为……

appointsb.todosth.委派某人做某事

(2)appointmentn.约会;预约;任命,委任

byappointment按照约定

have/make/fixanappointment(withsb.)(与某人)预约/约会

keep/breakanappointment守/违约

(3)appointedadj.指定的;约定的

(1)Themanagerappointedhimtoreceive(receive)thebusinessman.

(2)Theyignoredtheappointed(appoint)timeandlefttheirhomesonlyafterthefixedtime.

(3)—Goodmorning,MrLee’soffice.

—Goodmorning.I’dliketomakeanappointment(appoint)fornextWednesdayafternoon.

(2018·北京)

(4)Anewengineerwasappointed(appoint)todealwiththeproductsreturnedbycustomers.

(2018·北京西城区模拟)

[句式升级]

(5)Hewasappointedaspresidentoftheuniversityyesterday.Heisgivingaspeechontheplatformnow.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)

Appointedaspresidentoftheuniversityyesterday,heisgivingaspeechontheplatformnow.

易错点拨

表示委任某人担任某职务时,要分清两种情况:

(1)若指的是抽象的职位(如position,office,presidency,chairmanship等),则用“appointsb.to+抽象职位”。

(2)若指的是具体的某职位(如headmaster,manager,chairman,president等),则用“appointsb.(tobe/as)+具体职位”。

如:

Whoshallweappoint(tobe/as)chairmanoftheclub?

=Whoshallweappointtothechairmanshipoftheclub?

我们派谁担任俱乐部的主席呢?

suitvt.适合;适宜

n.一套外衣;套装

(1)suitsb.适合某人

suitone’sneeds适合某人的需要

(2)asuitof一套……

(3)suitableadj.合适的;适宜的

besuitablefor适合于……

besuitabletodosth.适合做某事

(4)suitedadj.适合的(作表语)

besuitedfor/to适合……

(1)Someexpertsareskepticalabout3Dfoodprinters,believingtheyarebettersuited(suit)forfastfoodrestaurantsthanhomesandhigh-endrestaurants.(2018·天津)

(2)Thefilmissuitablefor(适合)children.

[句式升级]

(3)Thechallengeisfindingsuitablepartnersforthem.(用动词suit和定语从句改写)

Thechallengeisfindingpartnersthatsuitthem.

[根据语境用suit,match,fit的正确形式填空]

(4)Thesizeoftheshirtfitsmewellanditscolormatchesmytie,soitsuitsme.

[词义辨析] suit,match,fit

※suit多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、时间等;指衣服合适时,多指颜色和款式。

※match多指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配。

※fit多指大小、形状合适,引申为“吻合”。

(1)beanxiousfor/about担心……

beanxioustodo...渴望做……

(2)anxietyn.担心;焦虑;渴望

withanxiety(=anxiously)焦急地

(1)Hewasanxiousabout/forhisfamily,whoweretravellingabroad.

(2)Anxiously(anxious)IwenttobeddreamingaboutwhatIwouldfindatthetopofthismagicalmountain.(2018·天津)

(3)Wewaitedwithanxiety/anxiously(焦急地)forourexaminationresults.

[句式升级]

(4)Shelookedathersickchildandwasveryanxious.(用形容词短语作状语改写)

Shelookedathersickchild,veryanxious.

 

易错点拨

(1)anxiety表示抽象意义的“焦虑,焦急”时,为不可数名词;表示具体意义的“焦虑或担心的事”时,则为可数名词。

(2)anxiety表示“想得到某物或想做某事”时,其后通常跟不定式或“for+名词”作定语。

guaranteevt.保证;担保

n.保证;担保;保修单

(1)guaranteesb.sth.保证某人某事

guaranteetodosth./that...保证做某事;确保……

beguaranteedtodosth.肯定会……;必定会……

(2)underguarantee在保修期内

givesb.aguaranteethat...向某人担保/保证……

(1)Iguaranteetopay(pay)offhisdebts.

(2)Thecarislessthanoneyearold,soitisstillunderguarantee.

(3)[一句多译] 我们保证在一周内将货物送到。

①Weguaranteetodeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(guaranteev.;简单句)

②Weguaranteethatwewilldeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(guaranteev.;复合句)

③Wegiveaguaranteethatwewilldeliverthegoodsinoneweek.(guaranteen.)

fightone’sway奋力前进

loseone’sway迷路

feelone’sway摸索着前进

pushone’sway挤出来

windone’sway蜿蜒前进

[根据语境用fight,wind,feel,make的正确形式填空]

(1)Therewasnolight,sowehadtofeelourwayinthedark.

(2)Shegraduallyfoughtherwaytothetopofthecompany.

(3)Thebusiswindingitswayupthemountain.

(4)Althoughhedidn’tknowLondonwell,hemadehiswayeasilytotheairport.

 

Itissaidthatthisboy,whohadagreatgiftforlanguagesandpersuasion,isthefatheroftheManchupeople.据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先,他具有语言天赋和很强的说服力。

Itissaidthat...据说……

Itisthoughtthat...大家认为……

Itisbelievedthat...人们相信……

Itishopedthat...人们希望……

Itisreportedthat...据报道……

Itiswell-knownthat...众所周知……

Itissupposedthat...据推测……

(1)ItisreportedthattheUNConferencewillbeheldinIstanbulrecently.

据报道,联合国大会将于近日在伊斯坦布尔举行。

[同义句改写]

(2)Itissupposedthatheisworkinginthatbigcompany.

→Heissupposedtobeworkinginthatbigcompany.

(3)Itissaidthathehaswrittenanewbookaboutworkers.

→Heissaidtohavewrittenanewbookaboutworkers.

(4)Itisthoughtthatheoftenhelpsthepeopleinneed.

→Heisoftenthoughttohelpthepeopleinneed.

[名师点津] “Itis+过去分词+that...”这个句型可以与“sb.be+过去分词+todo...”之间相互转换。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1.Alexissaidtohavelearned(learn)byheart2,000Chinesecharactersuptonow.

2.Icannotguaranteetowork(work)formorethanayear.

3.Iwasappointedtotake(take)chargeofarrangingalltheactivitiesthatday.

4.Rumourspanickedmanyinvestorsintosellingtheirshares.

5.Thesebagsaremadeofvarieties(vary)ofmaterialsthatcanbeeasilytreatedwhentheybecomerubbish.

6.Itissaidthatthenewmayorwillcomeintopowernextmonth.

7.Ireallywantthecar,howevermuchitcosts.

8.WiththeInternet,parentscannotcheckapublishedguidetodeterminewhatissuitablefortheirchildrentosee.

9.Thepopstarwalkedoutofthestage,waving(wave)herhandselegantlytohercrazyfans.

10.Thisbeing(be)myf

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