高考英语总复习 基础考点聚焦 第一部分 模块6 Unit3 Understanding each other知能演练轻松闯关.docx
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高考英语总复习基础考点聚焦第一部分模块6Unit3Understandingeachother知能演练轻松闯关
Understandingeachother
Ⅰ.单项填空
1.GuLiistheleaderofthefootballteamandshehasalotof________overthepeopleinherteam.
A.common B.power
C.nothingD.affect
B 解析:
havepowerover“对……有影响力;支配”。
句意:
古丽是这个足球队的队长,她对她的队员们有很大的影响力。
2.(2016·南京高三调研)—Whywasthemovieaturnoff?
Ithoughtyoulikedthrillers.
—Well,Idoenjoyit.However,Idislike________whentheactors’expressionsaresofakeandunnatural.
A.thatB.those
C.themD.it
D 解析:
答语句意:
好吧,我确实喜欢看。
然而,我不喜欢那些演员的表情是如此虚假而且不自然。
本句中it充当形式宾语,真正的宾语是whentheactors’expressionsaresofakeandunnatural。
3.I________makingseatreservationsinadvance,becausethisisapopularfilmandtherewillbealotofaudience.
A.recommendB.avoid
C.permitD.appreciate
A 解析:
考查动词辨析。
句意:
我建议提前预订座位,因为这是一部很受欢迎的电影,将会有许多观众。
根据because从句的内容可知,这部电影很受欢迎,将会有许多观众,所以建议(recommend)提前预订座位。
avoid“避免”,permit“允许”,appreciate“欣赏,感激”,均不符合语境。
4.AfterarrivinginNewYork,theChinesecollegestudentfounditratherhardto________livingonhisown.
A.relyonB.adjustto
C.dependonD.bringup
B 解析:
句意:
那位中国大学生到达纽约后,发现很难适应独立生活。
四个选项中,relyon“依赖”;adjustto“调整;适应”;bringup“养大”;dependon“依靠”。
只有B项符合句意。
5.(2016·盐城中学模拟)—Idoenjoymypresentjobasanengineer.
—Well,IwouldalsobeanengineerifI________mymajorwhenIwasatcollege.
A.couldhavechangedB.shouldchange
C.hadn’tchangedD.weretochange
C 解析:
条件句是对过去的虚拟,所以谓语动词用haddone形式。
6.OnMonday1.6millionrailwayticketswerebookedthroughtheonlinebookingsystem,________26.5%ofallthesoldtickets.
A.callingforB.cuttingdown
C.breakingthroughD.accountingfor
D 解析:
考查动词短语辨析。
句意:
星期一,通过网上订购系统预订的火车票有160万张,占所有已卖出票数的26.5%。
根据句意可知应选accountfor“占(一定数量或比例)”。
callfor“需要,要求”;cutdown“缩减,砍倒”;breakthrough“突破,冲破”。
7.—Thescarfisnice,butthepriceisalittlebithigh.
—________,butifyouwantgoodquality,youhavetopaymore.
A.NowonderB.Nodoubt
C.NooffenceD.Noproblem
C 解析:
考查情景交际。
——这条围巾不错,但是价格有点儿高。
——没有冒犯你的意思,但是如果你想要好的质量,你必须得多付点钱。
nowonder意为“难怪,怪不得”;nodoubt意为“无疑”;nooffence意为“没有冒犯的意思”;noproblem意为“没问题”。
故选C项。
8.—Whycan’tIsmoke?
—Atnotime________inthemeetingroom.
A.doessmokingpermitB.issmokingpermitted
C.smokingispermittedD.permitssmoking
B 解析:
atnotime为否定词,置于句首时,句子用部分倒装,且permit与smoking之间为动宾关系,故用被动语态。
9.Thesurveyshowssomemajorpublishers,institutionsandbusinesseshavebeguntomake________tothenewageinordertomeettheneedofthesocialandeconomicchange.
A.combinationB.presentation
C.adjustmentD.assessment
C 解析:
考查名词辨析。
句意:
调查显示:
一些主要的出版社、机构和企业已经开始针对新时期作出调整,为的是满足社会和经济变革的需求。
adjustment“调整,适应”,符合句意。
combination“结合(体),联合(体)”;presentation“显示,演出”;assessment“评价,估计”。
10.(2016·无锡辅仁中学检测)—Whenitcomesto________holidays,Chinesepeopleletoffhugeamountsoffireworks.
—Idon’tthinkthat’sagoodway.Dustmenarethenobligedtosweepaway________remainsinthestreets.Whatalotofwork!
A.celebrate;whichB.celebrating;what
C.celebrate;whatD.celebrating;which
B 解析:
whenitcomesto...中,to是介词,排除A、C;第二空是宾语从句,从句中缺主语,所以用what。
11.(2016·清江中学调研)—Theyarequiet,aren’tthey?
—Yes,theyareaccustomed________atmeals.
A.totalkB.tonottalk
C.totalkingD.tonottalking
D 解析:
beaccustomedto...“习惯于……”,to是介词,后跟动名词,动名词的否定,在动名词前加not。
12.—I’mfeelingverylonely,forfewpeopleknowmehere.
—Don’tworry.Youwillget________themsoon.
A.familiartoB.accustomedto
C.usedtoD.familiarwith
D 解析:
句意:
——我感到很孤独,因为这儿几乎没有人认识我。
——不用担心。
你很快就会和他们熟悉的。
getfamiliarto“为……所熟知”;getaccustomedto/usedto“习惯于……”;getfamiliarwith“与……熟悉”。
13.Emergencysuppliesoffoodhavebeentransportedtothedisasterhitareaasa________ofsympathytothevictims.
A.reliefB.gesture
C.symbolD.text
B 解析:
考查名词辨析。
句意:
应急食品补给已运往灾区,以表示对受害者的同情。
A项意为“宽慰,减轻”;B项意为“(表明感情或意图的)姿态,表示”;C项意为“象征,符号”;D项意为“文本,正文”。
根据句意可知B项正确。
14.WiththeTVprogrammeIfYouAretheOne,itshostMengFeihasbecomemoreandmore________totheaudienceallaroundChina,eventheworld.
A.equalB.accustomed
C.familiarD.similar
C 解析:
考查形容词辨析。
句意:
随着电视节目《非诚勿扰》(的播出),其主持人孟非被全中国乃至全世界越来越多的观众所熟悉。
familiar“熟悉的”,符合句意。
equal“相等的”;accustomed“习惯的”;similar“相似的”。
15.Theoldhouselooksthesameasbefore,butinfact,ithasbeen________changed,forexample,somewindowshavebeenreplaced.
A.completelyB.slightly
C.graduallyD.hardly
B 解析:
考查副词辨析。
句意:
这所老房子看上去和以前一样,但事实上,它还是有一些细微的变化的,比如,有些窗子已经被换掉了。
completely“完全地”;slightly“略微”;gradually“逐渐地”;hardly“几乎不,几乎没有”。
根据句意可知,答案为B。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
(2016·浙江大学附中高考全真模拟)TheregularuseoftextmessagesandemailscanlowertheIQmorethantwiceasmuchassmokingmarijuana(大麻).Thatisthestatementofresearcherswhohavefoundthattappingawayonamobilephoneorcomputerkeypadorcheckingforelectronicmessagestemporarilyknocksupto10pointsofftheuser’sIQ.ThisrateofdeclineinintelligencecomparesunfavorablywiththefourpointdropinIQassociatedwithsmokingmarijuana,accordingtoBritishresearchers,whohavedescribedthephenomenonofimprovedstupidityas“infomania”.TheresearchconductedbyHewlettPackard,thetechnologycompany,hasconcludedthatitismainlyaproblemforadultworkers,especiallymen.
Itisconcludedthattoomuchuseofmoderntechnologycandamageaperson’smind.Itcancauseaconstantdistractionof“alwayson”technologywhenemployeesshouldbeconcentratingonwhattheyarepaidtodo.Infomaniameansthattheyloseconcentrationastheirmindsremainfixedinanalmostpermanentstateofreadinesstoreacttotechnologyinsteadoffocusingonthetaskinhand.Thereportalsoaddedthat,inalongterm,thebrainwillbeconsiderablyshapedbywhatwedotoitandbytheexperienceofdailylife.Atamicrocellularlevel,thecomplexnetworksofnervecellsthatmakeuppartsofthebrainactuallychangeinresponsetocertainexperiences.
Toomuchuseofmoderntechnologycanbedamagingnotonlytoaperson’smind,buttotheirsocialrelationship.1,100adultswereinterviewedduringtheresearch.Morethan62percentofthemadmittedthattheywereaddictedtocheckingtheiremailsandtextmessagessooftenthattheyscrutinizedworkrelatedonesevenwhenathomeoronholiday.Halfsaidthattheyalwaysrespondedimmediatelytoanemailandwilleveninterruptameetingtodoso.Itisconcludedthatinfomaniaisincreasingstressandanxietyandaffectingone’scharacteristics.Nineoutoftenthoughtthatcolleagueswhoansweredemailsormessagesduringafacetofacemeetingwereextremelyrude.
TheeffectsonIQwerestudiedbyDrGlennWilson,apsychologistatUniversityofLondon.“Thisisaveryrealandwidespreadphenomenon,”hesaid.“Wehavefoundthatinfomaniawilldamageaworker’sperformancebyreducingtheirmentalsharpnessandchangingtheirsociallife.Companiesshouldencourageamorebalancedandappropriatewayofworking.”
【解题导语】 文章讲述的是当代科技的过度使用会导致人的智商的下降。
经常收发短信和电子邮件损害程度甚至是吸食大麻对智力损害程度的两倍多。
1.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat“infomania”________.
A.hasapositiveinfluenceonone’sIQ
B.resultsinthechangeofpartofthebrain
C.liesintheproblemoflackofconcentration
D.iscausedbytoomuchuseofmoderntechnology
D 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第一段内容TheregularuseoftextmessagesandemailscanlowertheIQmorethantwiceasmuchassmokingmarijuana(大麻).可知,发短信等活动会导致“infomania”智商下降,故选D。
2.Theunderlinedword“scrutinized”inParagraph3probablymeans“________”.
A.examinedcarefully B.copiedpatiently
C.correctedquicklyD.admittedfreely
A 解析:
词义猜测题。
根据后面的evenwhenathomeoronholiday可知,即使在家里或在放假的时候,还会认真的查看工作相关的邮件,故选A。
3.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.Theregularuseoftextmessagesandemailscanbecomparedtosmokingmarijuana.
B.TheregularuseoftextmessagesandemailscanharmyourIQ.
C.Moderntechnologycandamageaperson’smind.
D.Electronicmessageshavesideeffectsontheuser’slife.
B 解析:
主旨大意题。
通读全文,根据各段大意可知:
第一段是讲经常收发短信和电子邮件会对人的智商有伤害,第二段讲的是当代科技对人的智力的影响,其中分两点:
一是会使人们分散注意力,二是会造成大脑的组织结构的变化,第三段讲的是过度使用当代科技会对人的社会关系产生影响,第四段是总结,故选B。
B
(2016·泗阳中学统测)Americanresearchersfoundfemalesarethemoretalkativesexbecauseofaspecial“languageprotein(蛋白质)”inthebrain.
Thestudy,conductedbyneuroscientists(神经学家)andpsychologistsfromtheUniversityofMaryland,concludedthatwomentalkedmorebecausetheyhadmoreoftheFOXP2protein.Theresearch,publishedintheJournalofNeuroscience,foundthathigherlevelswerefoundamonghumansthatwerewomenbutinratsthatweremales.Theirfindingscameafteritwaspreviouslyclaimedthatladiesspeakabout20,000wordsaday—over13,000morethanmen.“Thisstudyisoneofthefirsttoreportasexdifferenceintheexpressionofalanguageassociatedproteininhumansoranimals,”saidProf.MargaretMcCarthy,wholedthestudy.Intheirstudy,theresearchersattemptedtodeterminewhatmightmakemaleratsmorevocal(发声的)thantheirfemalefriends.
Theyseparatedfourdayoldratsfromtheirmothersandthencountedthenumberoftimestheycriedoutinthe“ultrasonic(超声的)range”,thefrequencieshigherthanhumanscanhear,overfiveminutes.Whilebothsexescalledouthundredsofcries,themalescalledouttwiceasoften,theyfound.Butwhenthepupswerereturnedtotheirmother’scage,shefussed_overhersonsfirst.TestsconductedonthepartsofthebrainknowntobeassociatedwithvocalcallsshowedthemalepupshaveuptotwiceasmuchFOXP2proteinasthefemales.Theresearchersthenincreasedtheproductioninthebrainsoffemalepupsandreduceditinmales.Thisledtothefemaleratscryingoutmoreoftenandtheirmothersshowingmoreinteresttothem.Incontrast,malesbecameless“talkative”.
Theresearchersthentestedsamplesfromtenchildren,agedbetwe