专题讲解祈使句及练习教学文稿.docx

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专题讲解祈使句及练习教学文稿.docx

专题讲解祈使句及练习教学文稿

 

专题讲解祈使句及练习

祈使句

一祈使句的用法。

1.祈使句的概念。

祈使句表命令、警告、提醒、建议、请求、叮嘱、号召等,谓语动词用原形。

主语you通常省略,句末用感叹号或句号,例如:

Knockatthedoorbeforeentering,please!

进来时请敲门!

(建议)

Lookout!

Thereisatraincoming.注意!

火车来了!

(提醒)

Wearstrongshoesasweshalldoalotofwalking.请穿结实的鞋子,因为我们要走许多的路。

(叮嘱)

Putonyourcoatatonce.Wemusthurry.立刻穿上衣服,我们必须快点(命令)

Givebloodifyoucanandmanyliveswillbesaved.如果你能,来献血吧,这会挽救很多人的生命。

(号召)

2.祈使句的分类。

祈使句分为第二人称祈使句,第一人称祈使句和第三人称祈使句。

二.第二人称祈使句是以听话人为祈使对象的祈使句,通常用来向听话者发出命令,提出要求或建议。

这种祈使句的主语you通常不表示出来,而是已动词原形开头,例如:

Keepquiet,please!

Openthedoor,please!

Hurryup!

3.第一人称祈使句是一第一人称代词作为祈使句的对象,这类祈使句通常是以let为引导词表示建议。

句子结构为let+me/us+动词原形,例如:

Let’sgooutandplay!

让我们出去玩吧。

Let’splayaguessinggame!

我们来玩猜谜游戏吧。

Letmehavealook!

让我来看一看。

Letmetellyou!

让我来告诉你。

4.第三人称祈使句是以第三人称代词或者名词等作为祈使的对象,以let为引导词,句子结构为let+him/her/it/them/名词+动词原形,例如:

Lethimbehereby10o’clock.让他十点前来这儿。

Letherdoitbyherself.让他10点前来这儿。

Letitgo.让它去吧。

典型例题

用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

Tom,____________(do)thehomeworknow.

解题思路:

该题句首Tom后面有个逗号,说明是对Tom说话,后面的说话内容是一个祈使句,应该用动词原形开头,用do,意思是“Tom,现在做作业吧。

”但是有的学生会忽略逗号。

误以为是现在进行时的句子,填成isdoing.

三.否定的祈使句。

1.第二人称祈使句的否定形式是在整个结构之前加don’t或never,例如:

Don’tbenervous!

你不要紧张!

Don’tmakeanynoise!

都别吵人了!

Neverbelateagain.别再迟到了。

Pleasedon’tforgettotakeyourmedicine.请不要忘记吃药。

2.第一人称祈使句的否定结构。

是在动词原形前面加not,句型为letme/us/notdosth.例如:

Let’snotwasteourtimearguingaboutit!

咱们别浪费时间争论这事了!

Let’snotsayanythingaboutit!

这事咱们谁也别说!

Let’snotgobacklate.

3.第一人称祈使句的否定结构,是在其句首加didn’t,例如:

Don’tlethimplaywiththefire.让他不要玩火!

Don’tletanyonecomein.就让任何人进来!

Don’tletthemplayalongtheriver.别让他们在河边玩。

4.“No+名词或动名词”结构表示禁止,一般用于指示、标牌、布告等,例如:

Nosmoking!

禁止吸烟!

Nospitting!

不准随地吐痰!

Nolitter!

不准乱扔果皮纸屑!

Noentry!

不许入内!

Nothoroughfare!

禁止通行!

Nopaintingonthewall!

墙上不准涂写!

Noadmittanceexceptonbusiness!

非公莫人!

典型例题

将下列祈使句改成否定句。

(1)Let’sflykitesnow.

_________________________________________________________

解题思路:

第一人称祈使句的否定结构,在动词原形前面加not,句型为Letme/usnotdosth.

(2)Lethimstayathomealone.

_______________________________________________________________

第三人称祈使句的否定结构,是在其句首加don’t.不要和第一人称祈使句的否定结构混淆起来。

用动词的适当形式填空。

(1)Alice,___________________(notbe)sadaboutit.

解题思路:

该题句首Alice后面有个逗号,说明是对Alice说话,后面的说话内容是个祈使句,括号里“notbe”提示为祈使句的否定形式,填don’tbe,意思是“Alice,不要为此而难过了。

”但是有的学生会忽略逗号,填成isn’t.

过关演练

I连词成句。

001.please,after,read,me

___________________________________________________________

002.down,sit,please.

___________________________________________________________

003.here,come,and,the,blackboard,clean

___________________________________________________________

004.there,go,and,stand,please

___________________________________________________________

005.the,window,close,please

___________________________________________________________

006.Dad,me,ayo-yo,buy,please

___________________________________________________________

007.to,listen,me,carefully,please

___________________________________________________________

008.play,let’s.hide-and-seek

___________________________________________________________

009.not,make,let’s,mistakes,any

___________________________________________________________

010.be,don’tlate,class,for

___________________________________________________________

011.Mum,me,give,some,cookies,please

___________________________________________________________

012.let,them,don’t,play,the,along,river

___________________________________________________________

013.anyone,don’t,let,in,come

___________________________________________________________

014.up,hurry,or,be,you’ll,late

___________________________________________________________

015.turn,the,electric,fan,on,please

___________________________________________________________

II.将下列祈使句改成否定句。

016.Stop,please.

___________________________________________________________

017.Giveherahamburger.

___________________________________________________________

018.Brushyourteethnow.

___________________________________________________________

019.Runaroundthehouse.

___________________________________________________________

020.Letthebabylaugh.

___________________________________________________________

021.Letthebirdflyaway.

___________________________________________________________

022.Letthedogstayinthecage.

___________________________________________________________

023.Let’sgetreadyforthepicnic.

___________________________________________________________

024.Let’swatchTVaftersupper.

___________________________________________________________

025.Let’scrosstheroadtogether.

___________________________________________________________

026.Makethebednow.

___________________________________________________________

027.Putonyournewshoes.

___________________________________________________________

028.Letthemfinishtheirworknow.

___________________________________________________________

030.Lethimdoitbyhimself.

___________________________________________________________

III.将下列祈使句改成肯定句。

031.Don’tgotherewiththem.

___________________________________________________________

032.Don’ttakeasandwichwithyou.

___________________________________________________________

033.Don’ttakehimtothefunfairwithtomorrow.

___________________________________________________________

034.Don’tturnontheTV.

___________________________________________________________

035.Don’tfeedthebird.

___________________________________________________________

036.Don’twaitforme.

___________________________________________________________

037.Don’tletheropenthewindow.

___________________________________________________________

038.Don’tletthemeatthesweet.

___________________________________________________________

039.Let’snottalkaboutthemovie.

___________________________________________________________

040.Let’snotwalkaroundthetree.

___________________________________________________________

IV.照样子写句子。

例如:

Don’tsmoke.→Nosmoking.

041.Don’twalkingonthegrass.→_________________________________

042.Don’tmakenoise.→_________________________________

043.Don’tlitter.→_________________________________

044.Don’tswimhere.→_________________________________

045.Don’tfeedtheanimal.→_________________________________

046.Don’ttouch.→_________________________________

047.Don’tclimbthetree.→_________________________________

048.Don’tpaintonthewall.→_________________________________

049.Don’tjumpoffthewall.→_________________________________

050.Don’tpickflowers.→_________________________________

051.Don’ttakephotos.→_________________________________

052.Don’teatordrinkhere.→_________________________________

053.Don’tshout.→_________________________________

V.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

054.Dinnerisready.___________(lay)thetable,please.

055._________(give)mesomewater,please!

056._________(fill)theform,please,and__________(sign)yournamehere.

057.Mary,_______(do)thewashingup,please.

058.Mum,______________(notbe)worry.I’ll__________(be)fine.

059.Let’s_________(notmake)anymistakes.

060._________letthedog_____________(notfollow)me.

061.Let’s________(not,chase)thedog.It’sdangerous.

062.LilyandLucy,_________(make)yourselvesathome,please.

063.Tom,______(help)yourselftosomefruit.

064.Norman,_________(take)offyourcoatifyoufeelhot.

065.Let’s______________(be)friendsand_______(keep)intouch.

VI.选择填空。

()066.

_________methebook,please.

A.Pass

B.Passing

C.Topass

()067.

__________makeanynoise.Theyarehavinganexam.

A.Not

B.No

CDon’t

()068.

Let’s__________campingthisweekend.

A.go

B.going

Ctogo

()069.

_______lethim__________computergames.It’sbadforhiseyes.

A.Not,play

B.Don’t,play

C.No,playing

()070.

________withfire.It’sdangerous.

A.Don’tplay

B.Play

C.Notplay

()071.

Jack,______paperplaneformenow.

A.makes

B.make

C.ismaking

()072.

Dad,__________athome.

A.doesn’tsmoke

B.isn’tsmoking

C.don’tsmoke

()073.

Let’s__________blowbubblesathome.

A.don’t

B.not

C.no

()074.

Pleasegowithus,____________?

A.don’tyou

B.willyou

C.won’tyou

()075.

Letmehelpyou,____________?

A.won’tyou

B.willyou

C.willI

()076.

Let‘stakeawalk._______________?

A.shallwe

B.willyou

C.won’tyou

()077.

Workhard,________youcan’tpasstheexam.

A.and

B.but

C.or

()078.

Gostraightahead,_______youwillseethebank.

A.and

B.but

C.or

()079.

Putonyourcoat,_________youwillcatchacold.

A.so

B.or

C.and

()080.

Readmore,_____________youwillknowalot.

A.and

B.so

C.or

VII.用祈使句改写下列句子,并保持意思不变。

081.Youmustn’teatordrinkinclass.

__________________________________________________________________

082.Youmustn’tplayfootballinthestreet.

__________________________________________________________________

083.Youmustlistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.

__________________________________________________________________

084.Youmustfinishyourhomeworkontimeeveryday.

__________________________________________________________________

085.Youcan’ttakephotosinthemuseum.

__________________________________________________________________

086.Youcan’tclimbthetreesinthepark.

__________________________________________________________________

087.Youcan’tswiminthelake.

__________________________________________________________________

088.Youcan’tjumpoffthewall.

__________________________________________________________________

089.Youmustkeepquietinthehospital.

_____________________________________________________________

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