专题讲解祈使句及练习教学文稿.docx

1、专题讲解祈使句及练习教学文稿专题讲解祈使句及练习祈使句一 祈使句的用法。1. 祈使句的概念。祈使句表命令、警告、提醒、建议、请求、叮嘱、号召等，谓语动词用原形。主语you通常省略，句末用感叹号或句号，例如：Knock at the door before entering, please!进来时请敲门！（建议）Look out! There is a train coming.注意！火车来了!（提醒）Wear strong shoes as we shall do a lot of walking.请穿结实的鞋子，因为我们要走许多的路。（叮嘱）Put on your coat at once.

2、 We must hurry.立刻穿上衣服，我们必须快点（命令）Give blood if you can and many lives will be saved.如果你能，来献血吧，这会挽救很多人的生命。（号召）2. 祈使句的分类。祈使句分为第二人称祈使句，第一人称祈使句和第三人称祈使句。二第二人称祈使句是以听话人为祈使对象的祈使句，通常用来向听话者发出命令，提出要求或建议。这种祈使句的主语you通常不表示出来，而是已动词原形开头，例如：Keep quiet, please!Open the door, please!Hurry up!3. 第一人称祈使句是一 第一人称代词作为祈使句的对象

3、，这类祈使句通常是以let为引导词表示建议。句子结构为let+me/us+动词原形，例如：Lets go out and play！让我们出去玩吧。Lets play a guessing game!我们来玩猜谜游戏吧。Let me have a look!让我来看一看。Let me tell you!让我来告诉你。4. 第三人称祈使句是以第三人称代词或者名词等作为祈使的对象，以let为引导词，句子结构为let+him/her/it/them/名词+动词原形，例如：Let him be here by 10 oclock.让他十点前来这儿。Let her do it by herself.让他

4、10点前来这儿。Let it go.让它去吧。典型例题用括号内动词的适当形式填空。Tom,_(do) the homework now.解题思路：该题句首Tom 后面有个逗号，说明是对Tom说话，后面的 说话内容是一个祈使句，应该用动词原形开头，用do，意思是“Tom，现在做作业吧。”但是有的学生会忽略逗号。误以为是现在进行时的句子，填成is doing.三否定的祈使句。1.第二人称祈使句的否定形式是在整个结构之前加dont或never,例如：Dont be nervous!你不要紧张!Dont make any noise!都别吵人了！Never be late again.别再迟到了。Pl

5、ease dont forget to take your medicine.请不要忘记吃药。2.第一人称祈使句的否定结构。是在动词原形前面加not,句型为let me/us/ not do sth. 例如：Lets not waste our time arguing about it!咱们别浪费时间争论这事了！Lets not say anything about it!这事咱们谁也别说！Lets not go back late.3.第一人称祈使句的否定结构，是在其句首加didnt,例如：Dont let him play with the fire.让他不要玩火！Dont let an

6、yone come in.就让任何人进来！Dont let them play along the river.别让他们在河边玩。4.“No+名词或动名词”结构表示禁止，一般用于指示、标牌、布告等，例如：No smoking!禁止吸烟！ No spitting!不准随地吐痰！No litter!不准乱扔果皮纸屑！ No entry!不许入内！No thoroughfare!禁止通行！ No painting on the wall!墙上不准涂写！No admittance except on business!非公莫人！典型例题将下列祈使句改成否定句。(1)Lets fly kites now

7、._解题思路：第一人称祈使句的否定结构，在动词原形前面加not, 句型为Let me/us not do sth.(2)Let him stay at home alone. _第三人称祈使句的否定结构，是在其句首加dont. 不要和第一人称祈使句的否定结构混淆起来。用动词的适当形式填空。(1)Alice, _ (not be) sad about it.解题思路：该题句首Alice 后面有个逗号，说明是对Alice 说话，后面的说话内容是个祈使句，括号里“not be”提示为祈使句的否定形式，填dont be,意思是 “Alice,不要为此而难过了。”但是有的学生会忽略逗号，填成isnt.过

8、关演练I连词成句。001.please, after , read, me_002.down, sit, please._003. here, come, and, the, blackboard, clean_004.there, go, and , stand, please_ 005.the, window, close, please _ 006.Dad, me, a yo-yo, buy, please _ 007.to, listen, me, carefully, please_ 008.play,lets. hide-and-seek_ 009.not, make, lets,

9、 mistakes, any_010.be,dont late, class , for_011.Mum, me, give, some, cookies, please _012.let,them, dont, play, the, along, river _013.anyone, dont, let, in, come_014.up, hurry, or, be, youll, late_015.turn, the, electric, fan, on, please _II将下列祈使句改成否定句。016.Stop, please._017.Give her a hamburger._0

10、18.Brush your teeth now._019.Run around the house._020.Let the baby laugh._021.Let the bird fly away._022.Let the dog stay in the cage._023.Lets get ready for the picnic._024.Lets watch TV after supper._025.Lets cross the road together._026.Make the bed now._027.Put on your new shoes._028.Let them f

11、inish their work now._030.Let him do it by himself._III.将下列祈使句改成肯定句。031.Dont go there with them._032.Dont take a sandwich with you._033.Dont take him to the funfair with tomorrow._034.Dont turn on the TV._035.Dont feed the bird._036.Dont wait for me._037.Dont let her open the window._038.Dont let th

12、em eat the sweet._039.Lets not talk about the movie._040.Lets not walk around the tree._IV照样子写句子。例如：Dont smoke.No smoking. 041.Dont walking on the grass. _042.Dont make noise. _043.Dont litter. _044.Dont swim here. _045.Dont feed the animal. _046.Dont touch. _047.Dont climb the tree. _048.Dont paint

13、 on the wall. _049.Dont jump off the wall. _050.Dont pick flowers. _051.Dont take photos. _052.Dont eat or drink here. _053.Dont shout. _V.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。054.Dinner is ready._ (lay) the table, please.055._(give) me some water, please!056._ (fill)the form, please, and_ (sign) your name here.057.Mary ,

14、_ (do) the washing up, please.058.Mum,_ (not be) worry. Ill _(be) fine.059.Lets _ (not make) any mistakes.060._ let the dog_ (not follow)me.061. Lets _ (not, chase) the dog. Its dangerous.062.Lily and Lucy, _ (make) yourselves at home, please.063.Tom,_ (help) yourself to some fruit.064.Norman, _ (ta

15、ke) off your coat if you feel hot.065.Lets _(be) friends and _(keep) in touch.VI.选择填空。( )066._ me the book, please.A. PassB. Passing CTo pass( )067._ make any noise. They are having an exam.A. NotB. NoC Dont( )068.Lets _ camping this weekend.A. goB. going C to go( )069._ let him _ computer games. It

16、s bad for his eyes.A. Not, playB. Dont, playC. No, playing( )070._ with fire. Its dangerous.A. Dont playB. PlayC. Not play( )071.Jack,_ paper plane for me now.A. makesB. makeC. is making( ) 072.Dad, _ at home.A. doesnt smokeB. isnt smokingC. dont smoke( )073.Lets _ blow bubbles at home.A. dontB. not

17、C .no( )074.Please go with us,_?A. dont youB. will youC. wont you( )075.Let me help you,_?A. wont youB. will youC. will I ( )076.Let s take a walk. _?A. shall weB. will youC. wont you( ) 077.Work hard, _ you cant pass the exam.A. andB. butC. or( ) 078.Go straight ahead,_ you will see the bank.A. and

18、B. butC. or( ) 079.Put on your coat, _ you will catch a cold.A. soB. orC. and( ) 080.Read more, _ you will know a lot.A. andB. soC. orVII.用祈使句改写下列句子，并保持意思不变。081.You mustnt eat or drink in class._082.You mustnt play football in the street._083.You must listen to the teacher carefully in class._084.You must finish your homework on time every day._085.You cant take photos in the museum._086.You cant climb the trees in the park._087.You cant swim in the lake._088.You cant jump off the wall._089.You must keep quiet in the hospital._