中考英语语法特色题型特训专题8 阅读理解科普类.docx

中考英语语法特色题型特训专题8 阅读理解科普类.docx

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中考英语语法特色题型特训专题8阅读理解科普类

阅读理解特训专题3科普类

（一）

阅读短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Nowsatellitesarehelpingtoforecast（预报）theweather.Theyareinspace,andtheycanreachanypartoftheworld.Thesatellitestakepicturesoftheatmosphere（大气）,becausethisiswheretheweatherforms（形成）.Theysendthesepicturestotheweatherstations.Someteorologists（气象学家）canseetheweatherofanypartoftheworld.Fromthepictures,thescientistscanoftensayhowtheweatherwillchange.

Today,nearlyfivehundredweatherstationsinsixtycountriesreceivesatellitepictures.Whentheyreceivenewpictures,themeteorologistscompare（比较）themwithearlierones.Perhapstheymayfindthatthecloudshavechangedduringthelastfewhours.Thismaymeanthattheweatheronthegroundmaysoonchange,too.Intheirnextweatherforecast,themeteorologistscansaythis.

Sotheweathersatellitesareagreathelptothemeteorologists.Beforesatelliteswereinvented,thescientistscouldforecasttheweatherforabout24or48hours.Nowtheycanmakegoodforecastsforthreeorfivedays.Soon,perhaps,theymaybeabletoforecasttheweatherforaweekormoreahead（提前）.

1.Satellitestravel_____________.

A.inspace              B.intheatmosphere

C.abovetheground      D.abovespace

2.Whydoweusetheweathersatellitestotakepicturesoftheatmosphere?

Because__________.

A.theweathersatellitescandoiteasilyB.cloudsformthere

C.theweatherformsthereD.thepicturescanforecasttheweather

3.Meteorologistsforecasttheweather__________.

A.whentheyhavereceivedsatellitepictures

B.aftertheyhavecomparednewsatellitepictureswithearlierones

C.beforetheyreceivedsatellitepictures

D.duringtheystudysatellitepictures

4.Maybewe’llsoonbeabletoforecasttheweatherfor________.

A.oneday               B.twodays

C.fivedays             D.sevendaysorevenlonger

5.Themain（主要的）ideaofthispassageisthatsatellitesarenowusedin_________.

A.takingpicturesoftheatmosphereB.receivingpicturesoftheatmosphere

C.doingotherworkinmanywaysD.weatherforecasting

（二）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C或者D

四个选项中选出最佳选项。

TheInternet,mobilephonesandIpadsarepartofourlivesnow.Technologyisgreatlyaffectingallwaysofourlives,fromthewaysweworktothewaysweplay.Anditevencausesanumberofsocialproblemssuchascloninghumans.

Wehavehadlotsoftechnologyandithaschangedourlivesalot.Thereisnodoubtthathumanswillcontinuetousemoreandmoretechnology.Herearesomeexamplesofmoderntechnologythatwillchangeourideasandwillaffectourlivesgreatly.

GlobalPositioningSystem（GPS）（全球定位系统）

It’sasystemthatusesradiosignalsfromsatellitestoshowexact（精确地）information.Ittellsyouwheretheuserisontheearthinallweatherconditions.It’smadeupofthreeparts:

satellites,controlequipments（设备）onlandandreceivers.

SpaceTechnology

RussianandAmericanscientistshaveworkedtogetherfortheInternationalSpaceStation（ISS）foralongtime.TheyhopetheISSwillprovidealong-lastinglab.Suchalabwillbringhumanslimitless（无限的）advantages.It’sevenhopedthatonedayspacetechnologywilltakehumanstotheirnewhousesinspace.

UnderwaterRobot

HerculesisakindofUnderwaterRobotwithsomehightechnologyequipments.Itwillbeusedtosearchforancientshipswhichweredestroyedintothedeepseaduringtheirjourneylongago.Theworldischangingsoquicklythatit’shardforustocatchupwithallthenewinventionsbecausetheyseemtocomeouteverymonth.It’simportantforustolearnaboutnewtechnologyandtherolethatitplaysinourlives.Soweshouldbewillingtoacceptmoderntechnology,orwewillfallbehindthetime.

（）1.______cantellyouwheretheuserisontheearthexactly.

A.SatellitesB.Receivers

C.GlobalPositioningSystemD.UnderwaterRobot

（）2.Accordingtothepassage,whichisNOTtrueabouttheISS?

A.Ithascarriedpeopletootherplanets.B.Itwillprovidealong-lastinglabforus.

C.RussianandAmericanareworkingforit.D.Humanswillgetalotofadvantagesfromit.

（）3.Herculesisusedto______.

A.savelivesintheseaB.takepictureinthesea

C.repairthebrokenshipsD.lookfortheancientshipsinthesea

（）4.Fromthepassage,weknowthat______.

A.theuseofGPSisaffectedbytheweatherconditions

B.it’sveryimportantforustolearnaboutnewtechnology

C.it’seasyforustocatchupwithallthenewinventions

D.technologybringsusmanyadvantagessuchascloninghumans

（）5.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Tohelpusstudysomenewtechnology.

B.Totellustechnologyischangingtheworld.

C.Tohelpsolvetheproblemsthattechnologycauses.

D.Toremindustheadvantagesoftechnologyarelimitless.

（三）

根据短文内容填空或选出最佳答案。

Snowfellonthemountain.Itsnowedandsnowed.Thesnowdidnotmelt（融化）.Itbecamedeepandheavy.Thesnowonthebottompressed（挤压）together.,itbecameice.

Theicewasverywideandthick.Itbegantomovedownthemountain.Itwaslikeariverofice.Itwasaglacier（冰河）.

Sometimestheglaciermovedonlyafewinches（英寸）eachday.Asitmoved,ittookrocksanddirtwithit.Itchangedtheland.Insomeplaces,itlefthills.Insomeplaces,whentheglaciermelted,itmaderiversandlakes.

Amillionyearsago,thereweremanybigglaciers.Glacierscoveredmanypartsoftheworld.Theglacierschangedtheland.

Glaciersarestillatworktoday.AglacierinthenorthofCanadaiscuttinganewpath（路）downthesideofamountain.Thisglacierwillchangetheland,too.

1.Thesnowthatfellonthemountain

A.becamesnowman   B.melted   C.becameice   D.turnedtorain

2.Thewordinthestorythatmeansariveroficeis__________.

3.Thestorysays,“Thesnowdidnotmelt.Itbecamedeepandheavy”.Theworditmeans____.

4.Whichofthefollowingdoesthisstoryleadyoutobelieve?

A.Therearenotasmanyglaciersasthereusedtobe

B.Glaciersdonotchangethelandastheymoveoverit.

C.Glaciersarefoundonlyinwarmplaces.

5.Howfastdidtheglaciermove?

（Whichsentenceisexactlyliketheoneinyourbook?

）

A.Sometimestheglaciermovedonlyonceayear.

B.Sometimestheglaciermovedovertenmileseachday.

C.Sometimestheglaciermovedonlyafewincheseachday.

6.Themainideaofthewholestoryisthat_______.

A.snowisheavy        B.thehighlandneverchangesC.glacierschangedtheland

（四）

根据短文内容填空或选出最佳答案。

Longago,peopleinRome（罗马）talkedtooneanotherinLatin（拉丁文）.PupilsinschoollearnedtoreadandwriteinLatin.BooksareinLatin.

SomeRomans（罗马人）wenttootherpartsoftheworld.Theytooktheirlanguagewiththem.SoonLatinwasusedinmanycountries.Itbecameaworldlanguage.

PeopleinothercountriesdidnottalkinLatinthesameway.Ineachland,theychangedthelanguagealittle.Astimewentby,theymademorechanges.AtlasttheydidnottalkinLatinanymore.Newlanguageshadcomefromtheoldone.

PeopledonottalktooneanotherinLatintoday.ButtheystillusemanyLatinwords.Youdo,too.Street,wall,city,andsaltaresomeoftheLatinwordsweuse.Youareapupilinschool.PupilisaLatinword.Itmeans“littledoll”.

1.Latinwasusedbypeoplein_____.

A.Rome   B.theUnitedStates   C.Greece（希腊）   D.Texas

2.Thewordinthestorythatmeanswhatpeoplespeakandwriteis______

3.Thestorysays,“PeopledonottalktoeachotherinLatintoday.ButtheystillusemanyLatinwords,”Thewordtheymeans________.

4.Whichofthefollowingdoesthisstoryleadyoutobelieve?

A.Itisnotgoodtochangealanguage.B.Pupilsinschoolstodayplaywithdolls.

C.NotmanypeoplecanreadLatintoday.

5.WhathappenedtoLatinwhenitwastakentoothercountries?

（whichsentenceisexactlyliketheoneinyourbook?

）

A.Ineachland,peopletalkedabouteachother.

B.Ineachland,theychangedthelanguagealittle

C.Ineachland,thechildrenhadtospeaksomeLatin.

6.Themainideaofthewholestoryisthat________.

A.Romansdidnotliketostayhome

B.peopleinoldRometalkedalottoeachother.

C.Latinchangedasitmovedfromlandtoland.

（五）

Wehaveknownforalongtimethatflowersofdifferentplantsopenandcloseatdifferenttimeofday.Thisissofamiliarthatthereseemstobenoneedtoaskthereasonforit.Yetnoonereallyunderstandswhyflowersopenandcloselikethisatparticulartimes.Theprocess（过程）isnotassimpleaswemightthink,asrecentexperimentshaveshown.Inonestudy,flowerswerekeptinconstant（连续的）darkness.Wemightexpectthattheflowers,withoutanyinformationaboutthetimeofday,didnotopenastheynormallydo.Infact,theycontinuedtoopenattheirusualtime.Thissuggeststhattheyhavesomemysterious（神秘的）wayofknowingthetime.Theirsenseoftimedoesnotdependoninformationfromtheoutsideworld;itis,sotospeak,insidethem,akindof“innerclock”.

Thisdiscovery（发现）maynotseemtobeveryimportant.However,itwaslaterfoundthatnotjustplantsbutalsoanimals—includingman—havethis“innerclock”whichcontrolstheworkingoftheirbodiesandinfluences（影响）theiractivities.Men,then,arealsoinfluencedbythismysteriouspower.Whetherwewishitornot,itaffectssuchthingsinourlifeasourneedforsleep,ourneedforfood.

Inthepast,thisdidnotmatterverymuchbecausepeoplelivedinnaturalcondition.Inthemodernworld,thingsaredifferent;nowtherearespacemen,airplanepilotsand,inordinarylife,alotofpeoplewhohavetoworkatnight.Itwouldbeveryuseful,then,toknowmoreaboutthe“innerclock”.Suchordinarythingsasflowersmigh