英语四级作文指导.docx
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英语四级作文指导
Possibleversion1：
agree
Withthedevelopingofinformationtechnology,wearelivinginane-era,whereE-basedproductshavebecomemoreandmorepopular/areubiquitous.E-mails,e-ticketsande-bookshaveplayedagrowingroleinourdailylife,whilepaper-basedmaterials,suchastraditionalbooks,aresufferingagreatlossoftheirreaders.
SomepeoplebelievethatE-bookswillreplacethetraditionalbookseventuallybecauseofitsobviousadvantages.Firstly,theyareconvenientandaccessible.Youcanreadsomanykindsofinterestinge-bookswithoutpayinganymoneyjustifyouhaveacomputerconnectingtotheinternet.Secondly,readinge-bookshasdevelopedintopartofourdailylife.Wecaneasilygetlatestheadlineinformationjustbyclickingamousegentlywithouthearingnoisemadebyfrequentlythumbingpages.
AsfarasI’mconcerned,Ihold/sharethesameopinionwithabovepersons.Besidesthereasonsofferedbythem,E-booksaresobeneficialforforestprotectionthattheyaregreatlyhelpfulinsavingenergyandprotectingenvironment.Justasbamboo-basedbookswereputanendbyhistory,traditionalbookswillloseitsallreadersanddisappear/vanishinthefuture.
Possibleversion2：
disagree（前两段同上）
Asforme,along-timebookworm,it’snotlikely/impossibleforE-bookstoreplacetraditionalbooks.Thereareenoughreasonswhichmaketraditionalbookssurvive.Forexample,longtimeofreadingE-bookswilldoharmtooureyes,andreaderswillfindthemselvesmoreaccessibletoprintedmaterialsbecauseofunpopularityofcomputersandtheinternettoeverycornerofourlife.
Possibleversion3：
co-exist（前两段同上）
Frommyperspective,Ifirmlybelievee-bookscannottakethetraditionalbooks’placetotally.Theywillunquestionablyco-existforalongperiod.Althoughthee-booksofferuslotsoffavorableconsequences,thetraditionalbookscanprovideusopportunitiestotakenoteonthemandtobeeasyforcollection.Therefore,e-booksandtraditionalbooksarepreferabletodifferentpeople,andbothofthemcanbringusbenefits.
下面是一个根据“定位法”整理出的现成的议论文写作模板，供各位考生借鉴，既可以根据实际情况灵活应用，也有助于加深对作文“定位法”的理解，进一步掌握其精神实质。
只有这样“有形加无形”，才能以不变应万变，轻松应对考试。
第一段
Thereisnodenyingthefactthat.描述现象，引起话题
Tobeginwith,.主题展开句1
What’smore,.主题展开句2
第二段
Therearemanyreasonsaccountingfor.承上启下,解释这一现象的原因
Themainreasonis.说明原因一
Furthermore,.原因二
Thelastbutnottheleast,.原因三
Asaresult,.讲述导致的结果
第三段
AsfarasI’mconcerned,.作者的态度
Foronething,.观点一
Foranother,.观点二
Inconclusion,.总结全文
另外，需要强调和说明的一点是：
虽然应用文本身有自己的格式要求，必须要按照固定的格式来写，但是最关键的还是要按照提纲的内容来写。
换句话说，应用文就是具有某种特定格式要求的说明文或者议论文。
再者，应用文虽然种类繁多、格式各异，但是除了一些客套话语和内容的表达不同之外，其格式上仍有一些相似的、可循的固定规律。
例如：
（1）日期均在开头的右上方，其格式为：
月/日/年或日/月/年，而不是年/月/日。
（2）称呼后均用逗号，不能用冒号。
……
常用句型或表达方法
普通信件
（1）I’mveryhappytoreceiveyourletterabout…
（2）Thankyouforyoutooffermethehelpto…
（3）I’mwritingtheletterinpurposeof…
（4）Mythanksforyouarebeyondwords.
（5）I’vebeenlookingforwardtohearingfromyousoon.
（6）Yourpromptreplytomyletterwouldbehighlyappreciated.
通知（7）Yourattention,please…
（8）Thisistonote/notice/announcethat…
二、写作应试技巧点拨
写作是作者利用自己所具备的知识来表达观点和情感的一种复杂过程，深受作者自身的知识结构、所处环境和情感等主客观因素的影响，应该是一种主动的、有感而发的自然过程，并没有固定的规律和方法可循。
但是，作为一种考试形式，作文却是一种被动的（固定题目或范围的写作）主动表达过程，有其自身的规律性和写作技巧，尤其是四、六级英语作文，它有一定的写作套路和独特的固定模式，考生可以通过大量的模仿练习来提高自己的写作能力，丰富自己的写作技巧，顺利通过考试，为将来的进一步学习和工作奠定良好的写作基础。
四级作文基本上是命题作文或提纲作文，大部分是要求考生就某种现实现象或观点发表自己的看法，内容多是考生所熟悉的生活题材，所以写好四级作文有两个关键点：
第一，根据英文的表达习惯来安排写作结构;第二，用自己熟悉的英文词汇、句式和句型正确地写出自己的观点和看法。
因此，这里按照起、承、转、合的结构安排，详细介绍一些写作中常用的重点关联词语、词汇、句式及句型。
（一）起
起，就是开门见山地提出自己的观点和看法，文章的第一段和每段的第一句都是起，常会用到一些表示现在的时间状语，如：
nowadays,presently,now,withthecomingof…等。
下面是一些常用的句型结构：
1.观点/现象型
（1）Whenitcomesto…,differentpeopleholddifferentviews.Somearguethat…,whileothersbelievethat…
（2）Nowpeopleingrowingnumbersarebeginningtobelievethat…
（3）Nowadays,itisgenerallybelievedthat…,butIdoubtwhether…
（4）Asisknowntoall,…（谚语或名言）.Acaseinpointisthat…
2.描述型（略）
（二）承（略）
（三）转（略）
（四）合（略）
三、写作真题例析（略）
四、写作真题演练
Test1
2008年12月真题
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofLimitingtheUseofDisposablePlasticBags.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbellow.
1.一次性塑料袋曾广为使用
2.由此带来的问题
3.限制使用一次性塑料袋的意义
Test2
2008年6月真题
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofRecreationalActivities.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbellow.
1.娱乐活动多种多样
2.娱乐活动可能使人们受益，也可能有危害性
3.作为大学生，我的看法
Test3
2007年12月真题
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofWhatElectivestoChoose.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbellow.
1.各大学开设了各种各样的选修课
2.学生因为各种原因选修了不同的选修课
3.以你自己为例……
Test4
2007年6月真题
Directions:
Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanannouncementtowelcomestudentstojoinaclub.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbellow.
1.本社团活动的主要内容
2.参加本社团活动的好处
3.如何加入本社团
五、写作真题演练参考范文
Test1
LimitingtheUseofDisposablePlasticBags
Withitsgreatadvantageofconvenienceandendurance,disposableplasticbagsarebeingwidelyusedandhavebeenanindispensablepartofourdailylife.We’vebeenusedtoenjoyingreceivingfreeplasticbagsofferedbyshopassistants,wheneverwebuyclothes,shoesandfoodatsupermarketsordepartmentstores.Itseemsthatlifewithoutthemisunimaginableformostofus.
However,theydocausealotofproblems,especiallybringingseveredamagetoourenvironment.Notonlydotheyaffectthebeautifulnessofourlivingsettings，butalsodoharmtoourhealth，becausetheyaremadefromsomekindofchemicalmaterialwhichcannotbedisposable.Onceweburnthemorburythem,theymaypolluteourairorwaterheavily.
Thus,it’simperativeforustotakeeffectivemeasurestolimittheuseofdisposableplasticbags.Suchactionsareofgreatsignificance.It’shelpfulinsavingnaturalresourcebesidesmakingourcities’facescleanandbeautiful.Furthermore,itcanhelpreduceharmfuldamagetoenvironmentandthustoourhuman’shealth.Inviewofcurrentbadeffectsmadebyusingdisposableplasticbags,weeveryoneareresponsibleforlimitingtheiruse.Onlyinthiswaycanwehaveabrightfuture.
AdvantagesandDisadvantagesoftheMobilePhone
Withtherapideconomicdevelopment,themobilephonehasfounditswayintocampusesandahostofstudentstakeadvantageofthiswonderfulgadgettocommunicatewitheachother.Thisphenomenongivesrisetothisquestion:
Whataretheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthemobilephone?
Itiswidelybelievedthatitgreatlyfacilitatesstudents’campuslife.Manyinstancescouldbefoundtosupportthistypeofopinion.Agraduatingstudentinouruniversityboughtamobilephoneinthecourseofhuntingforhisjob.Hetoldmethatthroughthemobilephonehecouldeasilykeepintouchwiththeemployerofthecompanyheintendstoworkwithandwouldnotmissanyopportunities.
However,everythinghasbothpositiveandnegativefacets.Themobilephonealsohasmanydisadvantages.Forinstance,theringingofthemobilephoneoftendisturbstheteacher’steachingandotherstudents’learning.
Personally,theadvantagesofthemobilephoneoutweighthedisadvantagesofitaslongaswedon’tinterferewithotherswhileusingit.
OnResponsibility 关于个人责任
参考范文：
WeChineseplaceahighvalueonresponsibility.ItistraditionaldealforusChinesetotakecareofourparents.Weowethemagreatdealforthelovetheygiveuswhilewearegrowingup.Itisright,then,whentheyaregettingolderwitheachpassingday,wehelpthemandseethattheyarewellcaredfor.Inthisway,wegivebacksomeoftheloveandcaretheyhavegiventous.
AsloyalChinesecitizens,wemusthaveastrongsenseofresponsibilitytoourcountry.ItisourdutytokeepChinastrongintheeyesoftheworld.Therefore,weshouldstudyandworkhardforChina’sstrongnesswhichalsodependsontheadvancedscienceandtechnology.WemustbewillingtojointheArmyanddefendourcountry,wouldwebethreatenedbyaninvader.Inshort,tobearesponsiblecitizen,wemustputourcountry’swelfareaboveourownneeds.
Finally,wemustrememberthatwehavearesponsibilitytotheworldwelivein.Itisimportantthatwelearntoliveinpeacewiththeothernationsoftheworldandtoprotectourenvironment.Ifwecarryouttheseresponsibilities,wewillberespectedcitizensofourcountry.
相关话题：
守时，独立、乱刻乱划、信心的重要性、幽默感的重要性、能力与分数，聪明与勤奋，能力与长相、合作与竞争等对比性的文章、各种健康问题，减肥等。
文凭和知识
KnowledgeandDiploma（FakeDiploma）
（1）目前，在社会上有这样的一种说法，文凭越高越吃香;
（2）而有些人则认为文凭不等于知识;
（3）你的观点。
[参考范文]
Withthedevelopmentofthesociety,moreandmorepeopleenrollinthepostgraduateexaminationforgettingahighdiploma.Itisbelievedthathighdiplomaequalstohighabilityandprofoundknowledge.Mostcompaniesareinclinedtohirethepeoplewithhighdiploma.Itseemsthathavinghighdiplomameansabetterfuture.
However,isitreallytruethathighdiplomaequalstohighabilityorprofoundknowledge?
Somepeopledonotagreeonthiskindofidea.Theyclaimthatabilityorknowledgemeansmorethandiploma.TakeBillGates,theheadoftheMicrosoft,forexample,hedoesnothaveaMBAdegreewhichisbelievedtoplayavitalroleinthesuccessincommerciallife.
Furthermore,SamWaltonofWal---MartStoresInc.doesnotaMBAdegree,buttheyarethemostsuccessfulmanincommercial.
Inmyopinion,diplomadoesnotequaltok
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