春季17八年级英语培优版阅读C篇专题学生版.docx
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春季17八年级英语培优版阅读C篇专题学生版
教师姓名
学生姓名
年级
初二
上课时间
学科
英语
课题名称
阅读C篇专题
Ⅰ.词性判断
一、名词
1.Rushhourtisaprobleminmanycities.Commuters（往返者）rushtoandfromtheirjobsincar,buses,subwaystrainsandevenonbicycles.
2.TheLanternFestivalisafestivalforpeoplehavef.Lanternshows,lionanddragondancesaremajoreventsforthisfestival.
3.Hegotaverybadcough.Hecougheddayandnight.Sohedecidedtogetsomem.
4.Hehasreadallthebooksinallthes.Thelibrarianknewhimwell.
5.Theyarevthatmighthelpyouanythingyouneedhelp.
总结：
英语中句子的主语、宾语（动宾，介宾）、表语常用名词,注意可数名词的单复数形式。
二、动词
1.Mumusedtodmetoschool,butnowIhavestartedridingourbikestoschool.
2.Asyourreadingi,youwillprobablyfindyourschoolworkbecomesmucheasier.
3.Alotofmoneyissonrubbishtreatment,sodon’tlitter.
4.Shehadn’tcatall.Shewasstilltallandbeautifulwithwavyhairandbrightgreeneyes.
5.Getoutyourpenandapieceofpaper，andstartw.YoucouldbethenextHanHanorGuoJingming.
总结：
谓语动词充当谓语，注意符合时态和语态的要求。
非谓语动词（不定式和动名词）往往出现在词组配中。
三、形容词
1.Itisiforthiskindofsmallanimaltoeatabigtiger.
2.Anaearthquakethatwaslikeanightmare（梦魇）hitYushutendaysago.
3.Beautifulbeaches,tastyseafoodandfashionableshowsmaketheislanda.Itbecamethemostpopularplacefortourists.
4.Mikeandhisfatherhardlyhavetimetohaveatalk.However,hehasamuchbrelationshipwithhismother.
总结：
形容词常用作系动词后的表语、名词前的定语、一些动词（make,find,keep）后的宾语补足语，使用形容词，要注意是否使用其比较级，最高级。
四、副词
1.DeliciousfoodisoneofthemostimportantthingsImustthinkof.IpreferFrenchfood.IalikeJapanesefood.
2.Theancientbuildingsarefamiliartome.IalookatthemwhenIamonthetraveltowork.
3.Peterhasafoundoutthetruth.Youneedn’ttellawhitelie.
4.Nobodyknewwheretheshyboycamefrom.Hewasathemissingprince.
总结：
不影响整个句子的语法意义，对句子起修饰作用时用副词：
注意副词所在句子和相邻句群的关系，以判断其意义。
五、连词
1.Timlovestovisithisgrandmother,hedoesn’tgettovisitherveryoftenbhisfamilylivesinacitythatissixhoursaway.
2.AnoneoftheseJapanesestudentscouldunderstandFrench,theFrenchwriterhadtohaveamanputwhathesaidintoJapanese.
3.BthetimeIcamebacktomyseat,allthetouristshadleft.
4.Ashegraduatedfromtheuniversity,shestartedherownbusinesstomakemoney.
5.Theyhavebeenpenpalsforseveralyearsandknowneachotherwellttheyhavenevermet.
总结：
连接两个句子使用连词，要分析主从句或是并列句之间的语义关系，选择适当的连词
六、介词
1.“Help!
”Cardonacriedasthecarmovedfromthebank.“Mygrandsonisi!
”
2.Whentheyhaveaproblem,theytrytochangetheproblemiachance.
3.Inmanybigcitiesintheworld,theoveruseofcarsisthoughttobeoneofthemajorcausesofairpollution.Whatwillcarsbelinthefuture?
总结：
注意介词的考查通常放在名词短语前或是一些固定搭配中。
七、代词
1.You’restandingwithyourclassmates,Eistalkingexceptyou.
2.Knowingyourselfnotonlymeansthatyoufindoutwhatyouaregoodatandwhatyoulikebutalsomeansthatyoudiscoverwhatyou’renotgoodatandwhatyoudon’tlike.Bhelpyoutoseeyourgoalinlife.
3.Oneoftheobarberscutit.Soyouknowhecan’tbetheworstbarber.”
总结：
注意代词在首字母考查的位置常用语动词前做主语，动词介词后作宾语，名词前作定语（注意常考不定代词和指示代词，如one/ones,another等）
Ⅱ.语境分析
1.Alargenumberofpeoplegatheredatthel________place.Theywerecheeringanddancing.Manyofthemwerewithtearsintheireyes,thentheysawYangLiweiingoodhealthaftera21-hoursspacet________.ThespacedreamoftheChinesenationhasfinallycometrue.
解析：
从整段语义语境分析可知，本段文字主要内容是太空之旅后的情形与人们的感受；综合分析可知首字母空格处分别应该填写landing、travel。
2.Seaw______usuallycontainsabout3.5%ofsalt，thisiswhyseawaterisdenserthanf_______waterandnogoodfordrinking.
解析：
从后句关键信息seawater可推知第一处首字母处应该填写water，再结合整句话意思和常识可推知后一空答案为fresh。
Ⅲ.小技巧
1.送分题
即空是以下形式，肯定是填下列词：
T______,Then，Therefore
S______,Suddenly
H______,However
I_______,Instead,Indeed
B_______,Besides
L_______,Later,Luckily
A_______,Actually
2.高频词汇
动词：
（原形、三人单、现在分词、过去式、过去分词）
a:
allowanswerattractappear
b:
bringbecome
c:
callcatchcomecollectclosecarecompletecleanchangeconfusechoosecomplaincause
d:
disappeardeal/dodecidediscover
e:
enjoyencourageexchangeend
f:
findfollowfailflyfinishfallfeel
g:
give
h:
helphurryhappenhide
i:
isincluding（includes）inventimprove
k:
know
l:
leavelocklove/likelearnlookliveleadlielose
m:
meanmake
n:
nameneed
o:
offeropenoperate
p:
prove（系动词）playprotectplanpayproduce
r:
refuserelaxreadreceiverealizerepairremember
s:
spendstopshoutsleepseemshowspreadsellsuffersearchsavesmellsmilesucceed
t:
thinktrytalkturn
u:
usedunderstand
w:
workwantwritewalkworry
形容词：
（包括常考的原形、比较级、最高级）
anyangryanotheractiveasleepalone
beautifulbestblackbluebrokenbetter
close/closelycertaincommoncheapconfidentcoldcarefulcrazycurious
dailydifferentdifficult
easyexcitedexcitingenjoyableeveryemptyenougheach/every
freefewfirstfull
greatgood
heavyhappyhighhungryhealthy
interestedinterestingimportantimpossible
kind
lesslittlelong
more/mostmodernmuch
noisynaturalnecessary
ownother
perfectprettierpleasedpossiblepopularpublic
rightreasonablerealruderecent
safesorrysamespecialsmallsickstraight
tiredtraditionalthickthankfultop
useful
various
wrongwonderfulwisewarmworriedworse
young
副词（1.时间、地点；2.方式（ly结尾）原形、比较级、最高级；3.频度；4.程度...）
accordingactuallybravelycompletelycarefullyexactlyespeciallyeasily
finallyluckilyprobablyproperlyquietlyquickly
slowlyseriouslysafelysimplyterriblytogetherwellhard
时间：
soon,suddenly,late,ago
地点：
here, there, up, down, away, nearby, home, ahead, back,abroad,anywhere,outside,along,around
频度：
always,often, usually,once, ever,never,sometimes, hardly,seldom,rarely
程度：
still,rather, quite, very, much, too, almost, nearly, really,also,only,again
连接：
Perhaps,instead,then
代词：
everything/nothing/anythingone（s）other（s）either反身代词-self/-selves
介词：
aboutabovebetweenbesidesexceptforfromonoverthanwith/withoutagainst
throughby
Ⅳ.考纲词汇梳理
1.Whileallthefansoutsidecelebratedhissuccess,thewinneroftheWinterCanadianOlympicsinCanadadidtheinterviewattheinternationalconferencecenterandsaidhewouldcontinuetotrainforanothercompetition.当粉丝们在外面庆祝他的胜利时，这位加拿大奥运会的冠军在国际会议中心接受了采访，说他将为下一场比赛继续训练。
【拓展1】
successn.成功succeedv.成功successfuladj.成功的
success可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词，作具体的某件成功的事时，是可数的
Whatagreatsuccess!
【拓展2】
interviewv./n.采访；面试
interviewsb.=haveaninterviewwithsb.采访/面试某人
interviewern.记者；面试官intervieween.被采访的人；面试者
同类词：
employv.雇佣employern.雇主employeen.雇员
【拓展3】
continuev.继续continuousadj.持续的
continuetodosth.继续另一件事
continuedoingsth.继续原来的事
【拓展4】
competitionn.竞赛enterforacompetition报名参赛
2.Thisancientcaveisverydeepanddarksoevenwiththelanternthecaptainofthegroupstillfailedtoobservetheanimalpicturesinthecave.这个古老的洞穴既深又黑，所以即使打着灯笼，小组的队长仍无法观察洞穴的动物壁画。
【拓展1】
ancientadj.古老的[opp.]modernadj.现代的
【拓展2】
failtodosth.失败做某事=failin（doing）sth.
【拓展3】
observev.观察observationn.观察observern.观察者
3.Thepersonsinthetowndidn'tbelievethetruththatthelakehadbeenpollutedbythenearbychemicalfactoriesuntilthelakewascoveredwiththedeadfish.直到湖里全是死鱼时，镇里的人们才相信这个事实，即湖泊已经被周围的化工厂污染了。
【拓展1】
bepollutedby被...污染pollutionun.污染
【拓展2】
chemicaln.化学品adj.化学的chemistryn.化学
【拓展3】
nearbyadj.附近的Thereisashopnearby.附近有一个商店。
nearlyadv.几乎（强调数量）almostadv.几乎（强调程度）
【拓展4】
becoveredwith被...覆盖
4.Duringthespringfestival,peopleusuallysetofffireworkstosaygoodbyetothepastyearandwelcometheNewYear.春节期间，人们通常放烟火辞旧迎新。
【拓展1】
during在...期间
thespringfestival一般有“festival”用介词in，inSpringFestival
有“day”用介词on，onChildren’sDay
【拓展2】
setoff出发；引爆（烟花）setabout开始
seeoff=saygoodbyeto...告别
Readthepassageandfillintheblankswithproperwords（在短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺。
每空格限填一词，首字母已给）（错误率：
掌握情况：
）
（一）
Wearenowlivinginthemodernsociety.Mostoftheenergyweuseforheating,lighting,transportationandmanufacturing（制造业）comesfromfossil（化石）fuels.Thesearecarbon-basedfuelsfromoil,coalandnaturalgas.Whenweburnthesefuelswereleaseheatwhichp__1___theenergy.
Therearethreemaindisadvantagestousingthesefuels.Firstly,theyarecausingclimateproblemsbecauseoftheG__2___Effect.Whenweburnfossilfuelstheyproducecarbondioxidewhichcausesglobalwarming.Secondly,whenwehaveusedupallourcoal,oilandnaturalgas,wewillhaven__3___lefttoburn.Thirdly,theyarenotveryefficient.Theinternalcombustionengine（内燃机）thatweuseinmostcars,trucksandbuses,forexample,isonlyabout14%efficient.
Scientistsareworkingonanotherfuel-hydrogen.Thereareacoupleofadvantagestousinghydrogenasafuel.Firstly,becausetwo-thirdsofthee__4___surfaceiswaterandwaterismadeofhydrogenandoxygen.Thereisanalmostunlimitedsupplyofhydrogen.Secondly,burninghydrogendoesnotcauseglobalwarming.Thirdly,itismuchmoreefficientthancarbon-basedfuels.
Unfortunatelythereareproblemswithhydrogenatthepresenttime:
thereistheproblemofseparating（分离）itfromwaterc__5___,andthereisthedifficultyofstoringit.Itcanbestoredunderpressurebuthighpressuretanksarefarfromsafe.Itcanalsobestoredasaliquidbutonlyatextremelylowtemperatures.Itseemslikely,therefore,thattherewillhavetobeacompletelynewtechnologybeforehydrogenreplacesfossilfuels.S__6___theseproblemsisanurgent（急迫的）matter.AlthoughChina,IndiaandAustraliahavehugeamountsofcheapcoal,a
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