英语总复习中考英语阅读理解提高知识讲解及答案.docx
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英语总复习中考英语阅读理解提高知识讲解及答案
2020-2021年英语总复习∶中考英语阅读理解（提高）知识讲解及答案
一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）
1．根据短文内容理解选择正确答案。
A
Accordingtoanewsurvey,students’safetyhasbecomeabigproblem.Nearly50%ofstudentssaytheyareworriedaboutrobberyonthewaytoandfromschool.NowinmainbigcitiesinChina,someschoolshavetaughtanunusuallesson:
self-protection.Studentslikethislessonbecausetherearenoexamsorboringclasses.Andtheycanlearnhowtosavelivesandknowhowtostopdangerbeforeitreallyhappens.
ChenHaoyu,ateacheratBeijingNo.25MiddleSchool,givesyoungstudentsadviceonhowtodealwithdanger.
★Ifyouarerobbed
Keepcalm.lfyoucannotcryforhelporrunaway.Givetherobberyourmoney.Trytorememberwhattherobberlookslikeandtellthepolicelater.
★Ifyouareinatrafficaccident
Ifacarhitsyou.Youshouldrememberthecarnumber.Ifitisabicycle,trytocallyourparentsbeforeyoulettheridergo.Thisisbecauseyoudon'tknowhowseriouslyyouarehurt
★Ifitisraininghardandthereislighting
Don'tstayinhighplacesandstayawayfromtrees.
★Whenthereisafire
Getawayasfastasyoncan.Putwetthingsonyourbodyandtrytofindanexit.Donottakethelift.
★Ifsomeoneisdrowning
Ifyoucan'tswim,don'tgetintothewater.Cryoutforhelp.
Rememberthatdangerisneverasfarawayasyouthink.Takecareofyourselfatalltime!
（1）Whydostudentsliketheself-protectionlesson?
①Becausetherearenotests.
②Becausethelessonsareboring
③Becausetheycanlearnhowtosavelives.
④Becausetheycanknowhowtostopdangerbeforeithappens.
A. ①②
B. ②③
C. ①②④
D. ①③④
（2）Whatwillyoudoifabicyclehurtsyou?
A. Iwillrememberthebicyclenumber.
B. Iwon'tlettheridergountilIcallmyparents.
C. IwilllettheridergobeforeIcallmyparents.
D. IwilllettheridergobecauseIknowhowseriouslyIamhurt.
（3）lfyourhouseisonfire,youmust__________.
A. putdrythingsonyourbody
B. runquicklyandtakethelift
C. runawayandfindanexitasquicklyasyoucan
D. takeeverythingyouhaveandthenrunaway
（4）Thereare________waysofself-protectionmentionedinthepassage.
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
（5）Thebesttitleforthispassageis_________.
A. HowtoKeepCalm
B. Self-protection
C. Anusuallesson
D. Danger
【答案】
（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）C
（5）B
【解析】【分析】据调查，学生的安全是一个大问题，现在很多学校开设特殊的安全课。
一位来自北京25中的老师给我们介绍的几点遇到危险时的正确做法。
发生交通事故时首先要记下车号码，有闪电的时候不要使用手机不要看电视，发生火灾时要及时逃生，有人溺水时要呼救，遇到抢劫时要保持冷静等等。
⑴细节理解。
根据第一段Studentslikethislessonbecausetherearenoexamsorboringclasses.Andtheycanlearnhowtosavelivesandknowhowtostopdangerbeforeitreallyhappens.可知学生喜欢这个课时因为没有考试，不无聊，可以学习如何救命，知道怎样预防危险。
故选D。
⑵细节理解。
根据Ifitisabicycle,trytocallyourparentsbeforeyoulettheridergo.可知被自行车撞了给父母打电话来了才能让肇事者离开。
故选B。
⑶细节理解。
根据Getawayasfastasyoncan.Putwetthingsonyourbodyandtrytofindanexit.Donottakethelift.可知家里着火要尽快离开，把东西打湿披在身上，别乘电梯。
故选C。
⑷细节理解题。
通过阅读可知，文中提到了5种自保方式，发生交通事故时首先要记下车号码，有闪电的时候不要使用手机不要看电视，发生火灾时要及时逃生，有人溺水时要呼救，遇到抢劫时要保持冷静。
故选C。
⑸主旨大意。
本文讲述学生学习遇到危险时如何自保。
故选B。
【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。
2．根据短文内容理解选择正确答案。
C
Whatisyourfavoritecolor?
AskfamouspersonslikeCateBlanchett,ScarlettJohnson,andBono（singerforthebandU2）,andmaybetheywillsay“green.”That’snotbecausetheseartistslikethecolorgreenbest.Instead,theyareinterestedingreenfashion.
Greenfashionisaboutmaking（andwearing）clothesthataregoodforhumans,animals,andtheEarth.Inthepast,greenfashionmadepeoplethinkofuglyclothes.Buttoday,greenfashionisdifferent.ItisaboutlookinggoodandcaringabouttheEarthandotherpeople.Youcanhaveinterestingclothesandbegreen.
Aroundtheworld,greenfashionisbecomingpopular.Forexample,theU.K.companyPeopleTreesellsmen’sandwomen’sclothingandaccessories（配搭物）.Theyaremadefromnaturalfabrics（织物）likecottonandwool.WorkerswhomaketheclothesarefromcountrieslikeKenya（肯尼亚）,andBangladesh（孟加拉国）.PeopleTreepaysthemenandwomengoodmoneyfortheclothestheymake.
SingerBonoandhiswifealsostartedaclothingcompanycalledEDUN.Whentheclothesaresold,EDUNusesmostofthemoneytohelppeoplearoundtheworld.
（1）Fromthispassage,weknowthat“greenfashion”means________.
A. puttinggreencoloronyourface
B. makingclothesfromgreentrees
C. wearingthecolorgreenallthetime
D. wearingclothesthataregoodfortheEarth
（2）Today,greenfashionis___________.
A. thesameasitwasinthepast
B. makingpeopleworkharder
C. morepopularandinteresting
D. mostlypopularwithfamouspersons
（3）Whichsentenceaboutgreenclothingcompaniesistrue?
A. TheyareallinAfrica. B. Theydonotpaytheirworkerswell.
C. Theymakeclothesonlyforwomen.
D. Theyusenaturalfabricstomakeclothes.
（4）WhatdoesEDUNdo?
A. Itteachespeopletomakeclothes.
B. Itmakesinterestingclothesforteenagers.
C. Itsellsclothesandusesthemoneytohelppeople.
D. Itpayspeoplegoodmoneyfortheclothestheymake.
【答案】
（1）D
（2）C
（3）D
（4）C
【解析】【分析】
⑴细节理解。
根据第二段Greenfashionisaboutmaking（andwearing）clothesthataregoodforhumans,animals,andtheEarth可知绿色时尚是做或者穿对人、动物和地球有益的衣服。
故选D。
⑵细节理解。
根据第二段Buttoday,greenfashionisdifferent.和第三段Aroundtheworld,greenfashionisbecomingpopular可知当今绿色时尚更受欢迎。
故选C。
⑶细节理解。
根据第三段可知heU.K.companyPeopleTreesellsmen'sandwomen'sclothingandaccessories（配搭物）.Theyaremadefromnaturalfabrics（织物）likecottonandwool.WorkerswhomaketheclothesarefromcountrieslikeKenya（肯尼亚）,andBangladesh（孟加拉国）.PeopleTreepaysthemenandwomengoodmoneyfortheclothestheymake.可知他们用天然纤维制作衣服。
ABC错误，故选D。
⑷细节理解。
跟最后一句Whentheclothesaresold,EDUNusesmostofthemoneytohelppeoplearoundtheworld.可知他们用钱帮助全世界的人们。
故选Ｃ
【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。
3．阅读理解
Inthesummerbetweenmyfirstyearandsecondyearincollege,Iwasinvitedtobeaninstructor（辅导员）atahighschoolcamp.Onthefirstday,whenweweredancingandplayinggames,Inoticedaboyunderthetreewhowassmallandthin.Hisshynessmadehimappearweak.Iwalkedtowardshim,introducedmyselfandinvitedhimtojoinintheactivitiesandmeetsomenewpeople.Hequietlyreplied,"No,Ireallydon'twanttodothis."IcouldunderstandthathewasinanewworldbutIknewitwouldn'tberighttoforcehimeither.Actually,theboydidn'tneedaclosetalkbutafriend.
Atlunchthenextday,IwasleadingcampsongswhenIsawtheboyunderthetreesittingalone.Itriedagainwiththesameinvitation,butherefusedonceagain.ThateveningIwastoldtheboy'snamewasTommy.ThenIaskedthecamperstopayspecialattentiontotheboyandspendtimewithhimwhentheycould.
Thedayswentbyandthetimecamewhenwehadtoleave.Weheldabig,warmpartytocelebratetheclosingofthecamp.Allthecamperssharedtheirwonderfulmoments.Tomysurprise,Ifoundtheboyfromunderthetreedancingjoyfullywithtwogirls.Icouldn'tbelieveitwasthesameperson.
InOctoberofmysecondyear,IreceivedaphonecallfromTommy'smother.ShetoldmethatTommywashitbyacaranddied.Iofferedmydeepsadness.Themothersaid,"Tommymentionedyousomanytimes.Iwantyoutoknowthathewentbacktoschoolandmadenewfriendswithconfidence.YoumadeadifferencetoTommyduringhislastmonths."
Atthatmoment,Irealizedhoweasyitwastogiveabitofyourselfeveryday.Youmayneverknowhowmucheachgesturemaymeantosomeoneelse.Ihopethateveryonecanpayattentiontohisown"boyunderthetree".
（1）Beforethewritercametothehighschoolsummercamp,hewasa（n） .
A. instructor B. camper C. student D. reporter
（2）Howmanytimesdidthewriterinvitetheboytojoinintheactivities?
A. Once.
B. Twice.
C. Threetimes.
D. Manytimes.
（3）WhichistheCORRECTorderaboutthestory？
①Theboydancedjoyfullywithtwogirls.
②Theboywentbacktoschoolandmadenewfriends.
③Theboyrefusedtojoinintheactivities.
④Theboy'smothermadeaphonecalltothewriter.
A. ①②③④
B. ②③①④
C. ③①②④
D. ④③②①
（4）FromParagraph4,wecaninferthatTommy'smotherwasvery tothewriter.
A. thankful
B. helpful
C. faithful
D. harmful
【答案】
（1）C
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者曾给一个男孩精神上的帮助，让大家指代每天给自己一点自信是多么容易。
（1）推理题。
根据 Inthesummerbetweenmyfirstyearandsecondyearincollege,Iwasinvitedtobeaninstructor（辅导员）atahighschoolcamp在大学一年级和二年级之间的那个夏天，我被邀请去当一名教师（辅导员）在一个高中营地可知，在作家来到高中夏令营之前，他是名学生，故选C。
（2）细节题。
根据invitedhimtojoinintheactivities和Itriedagainwiththesameinvitation可知，作者邀请这个男孩参加了2次活动，故选B。
（3）细节题。
根据全文描述可知最初男孩拒绝参加活动，后来男孩和两个女孩快乐地跳舞，这个男孩回到学校，交了新朋友，男孩的母亲给作家打了一个电话，故是C选项的排序是正确的，故选C。
（4）推理题。
根据Tommymentionedyousomanytimes.Iwantyoutoknowthathewentbacktoschoolandmadenewfriendswithconfidence.YoumadeadifferencetoTommyduringhislastmonths
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