职称英语模拟试题.docx

职称英语模拟试题.docx

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职称英语模拟试题

第1部分：

词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1.PhilipRothwashailedasamajornewauthorin1960.

A）publishedB）challenged

C）acclaimedD）guided

2.Hewasoneoftheprincipalorganizersoftheassociation.

A）plannersB）employees

C）actorsD）recipients

3.Itispostulatedthatpopulationtrendshaveaneffectoneconomicfluctuations.

A）challengedB）assumed

C）deductedD）decreed

4.Thiskindofanimalsareonthevergeofextinction,becausesomanyarebeingkilledfortheirfur.

A）dryingupB）dyingout

C）beingexportedD）beingtransplanted

5.Thetraincametoanabruptstop,makinguswonderwherewewere.

A）slowB）noisy

C）suddenD）jumpy

6.DuringtheSecondWorldWar,allimportantresourcesintheU.S.wereallocatedbythefederalgovernment.

A）nationalizedB）commandeered

C）taxedD）distributed

7.Thelittleboywassofascinatedbythemightyriverthathewouldspendhourssittingonitsbankandgazingatthepassingboatsandrafts.

A）verystrongB）verylong

C）verygreatD）veryfast

8.ThestoriesofSarahOrneJewettareconsideredbymanytobemoreauthenticallyregionalthanthoseofBretHarte.

A）elegantlyB）genuinely

C）intentionallyD）thoroughly

9.ThenumberoftheUnitedStatescitizenswhoareeligibletovotecontinuestoincrease.

A）encouragedB）enforced

C）expectedD）entitled

10.Formulatedin1823,theMonroeDoctrineassertedthattheAmericaswerenolongeropentoEuropeancolonization,

A）statedfirmlyB）arguedlight-mindedly

C）thoughtseriouslyD）announcedregrettably

11.Smokingisnotpermittedintheoffice,

A）probableB）possible

C）admittedD）allowed

12.Thechairmanproposedthatweshouldstopthemeeting.

A）statedB）declared

C）suggestedD）announced

13.Ifeelregretaboutwhat'shappened.

A）sorryB）disappointed

C）shamefulD）disheartened

14.Shehasprovedthatshecanberailedoninacrisis.

A）livedonB）dependedon

C）livedoffD）believedin

15.Johnremovedhisovercoat.

A）tookawayB）leftaside

C）tookoffD）washedoff

第2部分：

阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把Ｃ涂黑。

PlantsinDesert

Onlyspecialplantscansurvivetheterribleclimateofadesert,fortheseareregionswheretheannualrangeofthesoiltemperaturecanbeover75C.Furthermore.Duringthesummertherearefewcloudsintheskytoprotectplantsfromthesun'sray.Anotherproblemisthefactthattherearefrequentlystrongwindswhichdrivesmall,sharpparticlesofsandintotheplants,tearinganddamagingthem.Themostdifficultproblemforallformsofplantlife,however,isthefactthattheentireannualrainfalloccursduringafewdaysorweeksinspring.Grassesandflowersindesertsurvivefromoneyeartothenextbyexistingthroughthelong,hot,dryseasonintheformofseeds.Theseseedsremaininactiveunlesstherightamountofrainfalls.Ifnorainfalls,orifinsufficientrainfalls,theywaituntilthenextyear,orevenstillthenext.Anotherfactorthathelpstheseplantstosurviveisthefactthattheirlifecyclesareshort.Bythetimethatthewaterfromthespringrainsdisappears-justafewweeksafteritfalls-suchplantsnolongerneedany.

Theperennialshavespecialfeatureswhichenablethemtosurviveasplantsforseveralyears.Thus,nearlyalldesertperennialshaveextensiverootsystemsbelowgroundandasmallshootsystemaboveground.Thelargerootnetworkenablestheplanttoabsorbasmuchwateraspossibleinashorttime.Thesmallshootsystem,ontheotherhand,considerablylimitswaterlossbyevaporation.

Anotherfeatureofmanydesertperennialsisthataftertherainyseasontheylosetheirleavesinpreparationforthelong,dryseason,justastreesinwetterclimateslosetheirsinpreparationforthewinter.Thisreducestheirwaterlossbyevaporationduringthedryseason.Then,innextrainyseason,theycomefullyaliveoncemore,andgrownewbranches,leavesandflowers,justasthegrassesandflowersindesertdo.

16.Ordinaryplantsareunabletosurviveinthedesertmainlybecauseofthechangeableweather.

A Right   BWrong   CNotmentioned

17.Grassesandflowersindesertareabletosurvivebecausetheystayintheformofseedstowaitfortherightamountofwatertocome.

A Right   BWrong   CNotmentioned

18.Grassesandflowersinthedesertwhoselifecyclesareshortshowstheirabilitytoadapttothequickdisappearanceofrainwaterthereafteritfallsinspring.

A Right   BWrong   CNotmentioned

19.Winteristhetoughestseasonforgrassesandflowerstosurviveindesert.

A Right   BWrong   CNotmentioned

20.Theshootsystemofperennialscanhelptheplantsabsorblessofthesun'sray.

A Right   BWrong   CNotmentioned

21.Thethemeofthesecondlastparagraphiswhytheperennialscansurviveasplantsforseveralyears.

A Right   BWrong   CNotmentioned

22.Desertperennialslosetheirleavesaftertherainyseasonjustastreeslosetheirsinwetterclimatesbeforewinterarrives,butthereasonsforthisfeaturearedifferent.

A Right   BWrong   CNotmentioned

第3部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段选择1个正确的小标题；

（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.

Horticulture

1.Horticultureisthescienceandartofcultivatingfruits,vegetables,andornamentalplants.ThewordhorticultureoriginatesfromtheLatinwordshorta,whichmeansgarden,andculture,whichmeanscultivation.

2.Humanuseofplantsforfoodandornamenthasitsorigininantiquity.Ascivilizationevolved,thedeliberatecultivationanddomesticationofedibleplantsreplacedlessefficientfood-gatheringpracticesofprimitivesocieties.Theadvancementofhorticultureisintertwinedwiththehistoryofcivilizationandofscientificandtechnologicaldevelopmentfromtheearliesttimestothepresent.Horticultureandagriculturearenotmodern-dayinventionsbuthavegonethroughcontinuoustransformationascivilizationprogressedtechnologically.

3.Horticulturehasmanybranchesandcanbedividedintocategoriesbasedontypesofplants.Fruitcultureisthebranchofhorticulturethatcoversthegrowingoftreefruitssuchasapplesandoranges.Vegetablecultureisthegrowingofvegetables.Vegetablesaregrownfortheirfruits,leaves,roots,orpods.Thisbranchofhorticultureisoftenthemostpopularwithhomeowners.

4.Unlikefruittrees,vegetablesusuallyhaveashortgrowingseasonandmustbereplantedeachyear.Ornamentalhorticultureistheproductionanduseofplantsasornaments,whethertheyareusedinopenspacesorcontainers.Landscapehorticultureistheuseofornamentalplantsandtreeswithotherelementstobeautifyanarea.Shoppingmalls,playgrounds,homes,andofficecomplexeshaveornamentalplantsandtreestomaketheareamorepleasing.

5.Growing,harvesting,andtastingyourownfreshfruitisoneofthemostsatisfyingpleasureofhavingagarden.Afruitgardenmaybehighlydecorativeaswellasproductive.Fruittreescanbetrainedtogrowinavarietyofways:

rowsoftrees,bushes,orincontainers.Fruittreescanbegrowninaseparateareaoramongotherplants.Mostfruittreesarenotself-fertileandneedtobeplantedbyatreeofthesamefruit.Fruittreesrequirefertile,well-drainedsoil,plentyofsun,sprayprotectionagainstinsects,andannualpruning.

6.Applesareoneofthemostwidelygrownfruits.Thereareabout7,000varietiesworldwide,with2,500intheUnitedStatesalone.Applesareavailablefreshthroughouttheyear.Applesareripewhenpickedandneedtobekeptcoldsotheydonotbecomesoft.Ittakesonlytwodaysonthecounterforapplestolosetheircrispness.Whenrefrigerated,appleswillkeepforaboutsixweeks.

23.Paragraph1＿＿＿＿＿

24.Paragraph2＿＿＿＿＿

25.Paragraph3＿＿＿＿＿

26.Paragraph4＿＿＿＿＿

27.Therewasonceatimewhenhumansgatheredwildplantstoeatinsteadof＿＿＿＿＿.

28.Horticulturedevelopedas＿＿＿＿＿.

29.Vegetableshaveashortergrowingperiodthanfruitsand＿＿＿＿＿.

30.Horticultureprovidesuswithnotonlyfruitsbutsometimesalso＿＿＿＿＿.

第4部分：

阅读理解（第31～45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。

请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇

Memory

Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasisforthedecisionswemake,andtherootsofourhabitsandskillsaretobefoundinourpastexperiences,whicharebroughtintothepresentbymemory.

Memorycanbedefinedasthecapacitytokeepinformationavailableforlateruse.Itincludesnotonly"remembering"thingslikearithmeticorhistoricalfacts,butalsoinvolvesanychangeinthewayananimaltypicallybehaves.Memoryisinvolvedwhenaratgivesupeatinggrainbecausehehassniffedsomethingsuspiciousinthegrainpile.

Memoryexistsnotonlyinhumansandanimalsbutalsoinsomephysicalobjectsandmachines.Computers,forexample,containdevicesforstoringdataforlateuse.Itisinterestingtocomparethememorystoragecapacityofacomputerwiththatofahumanbeing.Theinstant-accessmemoryofalargecomputermayholdupto100,000"words"——stringsofalphabeticornumericalcharacters——readyforinstantuse.AnaverageU.S.teenagerprobablyrecognizesthemeaningofabout100,000wordsofEnglish.However,thisisbutafractionofthetotalamountofinformationwhichtheteenagerhasstored.Consider,forexample,thenumberoffacesandplacesthattheteenagercanrecognizeonsight.

Theuseofwordsisthebasisoftheadvancedproblem-solvingintelligenceof