职称英语模拟试题.docx

1、职称英语模拟试题第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1. Philip Roth was hailed as a major new author in 1960.A) published B) challengedC) acclaimed D) guided2. He was one of the principal organizers of the association.A) planners B) employ

2、eesC) actorsD) recipients3. It is postulated that population trends have an effect on economic fluctuations.A) challengedB) assumedC) deducted D) decreed4. This kind of animals are on the verge of extinction, because so many are being killed for their fur.A) drying up B) dying outC) being exported D

3、) being transplanted5. The train came to an abrupt stop, making us wonder where we were.A) slow B) noisyC) suddenD) jumpy6. During the Second World War, all important resources in the U. S. were allocated by the federal government.A) nationalizedB) commandeeredC) taxed D) distributed7. The little bo

4、y was so fascinated by the mighty river that he would spend hours sitting on its bank and gazing at the passing boats and rafts.A) very strongB) very longC) very great D) very fast8. The stories of Sarah Orne Jewett are considered by many to be more authentically regional than those of Bret Harte.A)

5、 elegantly B) genuinelyC) intentionallyD) thoroughly9. The number of the United States citizens who are eligible to vote continues to increase.A) encouragedB) enforcedC) expected D) entitled10. Formulated in 1823, the Monroe Doctrine asserted that the Americas were no longer open to European coloniz

6、ation,A) stated firmlyB) argued light-mindedlyC) thought seriouslyD) announced regrettably11. Smoking is not permitted in the office,A) probable B) possibleC) admitted D) allowed12. The chairman proposed that we should stop the meeting.A) statedB) declaredC) suggested D) announced13. I feel regret a

7、bout whats happened.A) sorry B) disappointedC) shameful D) disheartened14. She has proved that she can be railed on in a crisis.A) lived on B) depended onC) lived off D) believed in15. John removed his overcoat.A) took away B) left asideC) took offD) washed off第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每题1分，共7分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列

8、出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把涂黑。Plants in DesertOnly special plants can survive the terrible climate of a desert, for these are regions where the annual range of the soil temperature can be over 75 C. Furthermore. During the summer th

9、ere are few clouds in the sky to protect plants from the suns ray. Another problem is the fact that there are frequently strong winds which drive small, sharp particles of sand into the plants, tearing and damaging them. The most difficult problem for all forms of plant life, however, is the fact th

10、at the entire annual rainfall occurs during a few days or weeks in spring.Grasses and flowers in desert survive from one year to the next by existing through the long, hot, dry season in the form of seeds. These seeds remain inactive unless the right amount of rain falls. If no rain falls, or if ins

11、ufficient rain falls, they wait until the next year, or even still the next. Another factor that helps these plants to survive is the fact that their life cycles are short. By the time that the water from the spring rains disappears-just a few weeks after it falls-such plants no longer need any.The

12、perennials have special features which enable them to survive as plants for several years. Thus, nearly all desert perennials have extensive root systems below ground and a small shoot system above ground. The large root network enables the plant to absorb as much water as possible in a short time .

13、 The small shoot system, on the other hand, considerably limits water loss by evaporation.Another feature of many desert perennials is that after the rainy season they lose their leaves in preparation for the long, dry season, just as trees in wetter climates lose theirs in preparation for the winte

14、r. This reduces their water loss by evaporation during the dry season. Then, in next rainy season, they come fully alive once more, and grow new branches, leaves and flowers, just as the grasses and flowers in desert do.16. Ordinary plants are unable to survive in the desert mainly because of the ch

15、angeable weather.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17. Grasses and flowers in desert are able to survive because they stay in the form of seeds to wait for the right amount of water to come.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18. Grasses and flowers in the desert whose life cycles are short shows their abil

16、ity to adapt to the quick disappearance of rainwater there after it falls in spring.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19. Winter is the toughest season for grasses and flowers to survive in desert.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20. The shoot system of perennials can help the plants absorb less of the s

17、uns ray.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21. The theme of the second last paragraph is why the perennials can survive as plants for several years.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22. Desert perennials lose their leaves after the rainy season just as trees lose theirs in wetter climates before winter arr

18、ives, but the reasons for this feature are different.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第2330题，每题1分，共8分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.Horticulture1. Horticulture is the science and art of cultivating fruits,

19、 vegetables, and ornamental plants. The word horticulture originates from the Latin words horta, which means garden, and culture, which means cultivation.2. Human use of plants for food and ornament has its origin in antiquity. As civilization evolved, the deliberate cultivation and domestication of

20、 edible plants replaced less efficient food-gathering practices of primitive societies. The advancement of horticulture is intertwined with the history of civilization and of scientific and technological development from the earliest times to the present. Horticulture and agriculture are not modern

21、-day inventions but have gone through continuous transformation as civilization progressed technologically.3. Horticulture has many branches and can be divided into categories based on types of plants. Fruit culture is the branch of horticulture that covers the growing of tree fruits such as apples

22、and oranges. Vegetable culture is the growing of vegetables. Vegetables are grown for their fruits, leaves, roots, or pods. This branch of horticulture is often the most popular with homeowners.4. Unlike fruit trees, vegetables usually have a short growing season and must be replanted each year. Orn

23、amental horticulture is the production and use of plants as ornaments, whether they are used in open spaces or containers. Landscape horticulture is the use of ornamental plants and trees with other elements to beautify an area. Shopping malls, playgrounds, homes, and office complexes have ornamenta

24、l plants and trees to make the area more pleasing.5. Growing, harvesting, and tasting your own fresh fruit is one of the most satisfying pleasure of having a garden. A fruit garden may be highly decorative as well as productive. Fruit trees can be trained to grow in a variety of ways: rows of trees,

25、 bushes, or in containers. Fruit trees can be grown in a separate area or among other plants. Most fruit trees are not self-fertile and need to be planted by a tree of the same fruit. Fruit trees require fertile, well-drained soil, plenty of sun, spray protection against insects, and annual pruning.

26、6. Apples are one of the most widely grown fruits. There are about 7,000 varieties worldwide, with 2,500 in the United States alone. Apples are available fresh throughout the year. Apples are ripe when picked and need to be kept cold so they do not become soft. It takes only two days on the counter

27、for apples to lose their crispness. When refrigerated, apples will keep for about six weeks.23. Paragraph 1 24. Paragraph 2 25. Paragraph 3 26. Paragraph 4 27. There was once a time when humans gathered wild plants to eat instead of .28. Horticulture developed as .29. Vegetables have a shorter growi

28、ng period than fruits and .30. Horticulture provides us with not only fruits but sometimes also .第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇MemoryIt is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousan

29、ds of everyday perceptions, the basis for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It includes not only rememb

30、ering things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile.Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also in some physi

31、cal objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for late use. It is interesting to compare the memory storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 words strings of alphabetic or nume

32、rical charactersready for instant use. An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and places that the teenager can recognize on sight.The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of