管理学.docx

管理学.docx

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管理学

管理学第一章

1.Thelinesofdistinctionbetweenmanagersandnon-managerialemployeesarenolongerasclearastheyusedtobe.Today,wecandefinemanagersas:

Amanagerissomeonewhoworkswithandthroughotherpeoplebycoordinatingtheirworkactivitiesinordertoaccomplishorganizationgoals.

2.Inatraditionallystructuredorganizationthatresemblesapyramid,thosewhoareresponsibleformakingorganizationwideplansanddecisionsare:

Topmanagers,suchasthepresidentorchairmanoftheboard.

3.Earlyinthe20thCenturyHenriFayol,aFrenchindustrialist,firstanalyzedwhatmanagersdoanddividedthatworkintofunctions.Thestudyofthemanagementfunctionthatdefinesgoalsandestablishesstrategiestoachievethemis

planning.

4.

HenryMintzbergstudiedtherolesmanagersplayatwork,orhowmanagersareexpectedtobehave.Amanagerexplainingacompanypolicytoanewemployeewouldbeactingina（n）________role.

informational

5.ResearchbyRobertKatzfoundthatmanagersneedthreeskills:

technical,human,andconceptual.Forasupervisorteachinganemployeetouseapieceofequipmentsafely,themostimportantoftheseskillswouldbe

Technicalskills

6.Anorganizationhasadistinctpurposeandgoals,iscomposedofpeople,and___________.

Hassomedeliberatestructuresopeoplecanperformtheirwork.

.

7.Theprinciplethatstatesthatmanagementisneededinalltypesandsizesoforganizations,atallorganizationallevels,andinallcountriesisknownas

Theuniversalityofmanagement.

8.Creatingacustomerresponsiveorganization

Dependsontheattitudesandbehaviorsofallemployees.

9.Therateofchangeandlevelofcompetitiontodayrequirethatemployeesandmanagersatalllevelslookfornewandcreativewaystoimproveproductsandservices.Thisrequiresanorganizationto

Encourageriskandinnovation.

10.Agoodreasontostudymanagementisthat

Whenyouholdajob,youwillhaveabetterunderstandingofthemanagementprocessthatformsthefoundationforbuildingyourmanagementskills.

11.Womenarewell-representedatalllowerandmiddlelevelsofmanagement,butnotatthetop.

 True

12.AccordingtoaGallupOrganizationstudy,thesinglemostimportantvariableinemployeeproductivityispay.

 False

13.Firstlinemanagerswithtitlessuchasshiftordepartmentmangersarealsoknownassupervisors.

 True

14.Effectivenessisgettingthemostoutputsfromtheleastamountofinputs.

 False

15.Whenmanagersorganize,theymotivatesubordinatestoachievetheorganization'sgoals.

 False

16.Evaluatingemployeeperformanceagainstthestandardofapreviouslysetgoaliscontrolling.

 True

17.Interpersonalrolesinvolveceremonialandsymbolicdutieswithintheorganization.

 False

18.HenryMintzberg'sresearchonmanagerialrolesprovedHenriFayol'sfunctionalapproachtobeincorrect.

 False

19.Humanskillsareequallyimportantatalllevelsoftheorganization.

 True

20Innovationtheuseofhightechsolutionstosolveproblems.

 False

Chapter2

1.Twopre-twentieth-centuryeventsthatmademassproductionpossibleandareimportanttomanagementwere

AdamSmith'sexplanationofthedivisionoflaborandtheIndustrialRevolution

2.FrederickTaylor,the"FatherofScientificManagement,"transformedtheshopfloorintoamoreefficientplaceby

Studyingjobstofindthebestcombinationofprocedures,techniques,andtools.

3.Taylor'smethodsinspiredFrankandLillianGilbrethtoinvent__________toobservethewayworkersmove,makingajobeasierandmoreefficient.

TimeandMotionstudies

4.BureaucracysharessomeofthesameprinciplesasTaylor'sScientificManagement.Someoftheseare

Arational,impersonalworkplacewithanauthoritarianpowerstructure

5.Ausefulapplicationofthequantitativeapproachwouldbe

Economicorderquantitymodelstocontrolinventory

6.ThemostimportantfindingoftheHawthorneStudiesisthat

Socialnormsorgroupstandardswerethekeydeterminantsofindividualworkbehavior.

7.Understandingandapplicationofthesystemsapproachinmanagingorganizationsrequiresthatmanagers

Utilizeconceptualskillstoseehowworkinonepartoftheorganizationaffectsallothers.

8.Thecontingencyapproachstatesthat

Organizationsaredifferent,facedifferentsituations,andshouldbemanageddifferently.

9.Workforcediversityhasbecomeamajorchallengetodaybecause

Wenowrecognizethatemployeesdon'tsetasidetheirculturalvaluesandlifestylepreferenceswhentheycometowork.

10.Knowledgemanagementinvolves

Cultivatingalearningenvironmentinwhichinformationissystematicallygatheredandsharedwithothersintheorganizationtoachievebetterperformance.

11.Inhisbook,WealthofNations,AdamSmithconcludedthatdivisionoflaborincreasedproductivitybyincreasingaworker'sskillanddexterityandsavedtimebynothavingtochangetasks.

 True

12.ManagerstodaynolongerusetheGeneralAdministrativetheoriesofTaylor,Fayol,andWeber.

 False

13.Linearprogramming,entrepreneurship,optimizationmodels,andcomputersimulationsareallpartofthequantitativeapproachtomanagement.

 false

14.TheHawthorneStudiesfoundthataslightwasdecreasedintheworkplace,productivityincreasedinbothgroupsbeingstudied.

 ture

15.Whenwedescribeorganizationsassystemstoday,wemeanclosedsystems.

 false

16.Thecontingencyapproachisalsoknownasthesituationalapproach.

 True

17.Organizationsareworkingtoeliminateunethicalbehaviorthroughtheuseofcodesofethics,training,andhiringethicsofficers.

 true

18.Globalizationisafadthatwillpass.

 false

19.Entrepreneurshipisthediscoveryofopportunitiesandtheresourcestoexploitthem.

 True

20.E-businessisthesamease--commerce.

 False

Chapter3

1.TheviewofmanagementthatassumesanincreaseinsalesforTargetStoresinanareaisduetotheclosingofthelocalK-Martratherthanthelocalmanager'sspecialeffortsistypicalof

Symbolicview

2.Anorganization'scultureisimportantbecause

Employeessharedmeaningsandbeliefsshapetheiractionstowardeachotherandoutsiders.

3.Thereareanumberofwaysthatanorganization'scultureistransmittedtoemployees.Uniquetermsandjargonarethepartoforganizationcultureknownas

Language

4.Anorganizationthatishighinrisktolerance,lowtomoderateinaggressiveness,andfocusesonthemeansofgettingthingsdoneaswellastheoutcomes

Willbemostlikelytosupportanethicalculture.

5.Aninnovativecultureislikelytobecharacterizedby

Playfulness,freedom,trust,openness,andrisk-taking.

6.Organizationswithacustomer-responsiveculturehave

Empoweredemployeestousetheirdiscretiontopleasethecustomer.

7.Workplacespiritualityhasbecomeimportanttomanytodaybecause

Itprovidesacounterbalancetothestressesofcontemporarylifeandoffersasenseofcommunity.

8.Customersandsuppliersarepartofthe

Specificenvironment

9.LawssuchastheAmericansWithDisabilitiesActhaveasignificantimpactonbusiness.TheADAisanexampleofthe________conditionsintheexternalenvironmentthataffectbusiness.

Political/legal

10.Managingstakeholderrelationshipsmustbeginwith

Identifyingwhotheyareandwhattheirinterestsare.

11.Realistically,managersareneitherentirelyomnipotentnorsymbolic,butinfluenceanorganization'sperformancewithintheconstraintsoftheenvironment.

 True

12.Thestrongeranorganization'sculturebecomes,thelessimpactithasonwhatmanagersdo.

 False

13.Theoriginalsourceofanorganization'scultureisusuallythevisionormissionoftheorganization'sfounders.

 True

14.Socializationisaprocessbywhichemployeesplanpartiesandritualsforthecompany.

 False

15.Anannualawardsceremonyisanorganizationalritual.

 True

16.Empowermentofemployeesisacharacteristicofbothcustomer-responsiveandspiritualorganizationalcultures.

 True

17.Spiritualorganizationsstifleemployeeexpressionsofemotion.

 False

18.Thepartofthegeneralenvironmentknownasdemographictrendsencompasspopulationcharacteristicssuchasage,gender,income,levelofeducation,andgeographiclocation.

 True

19.Wedescribethelevelofenvironmentaluncertaintyaseitherdynamicorstable.

 True

20.Thefewercustomers,competitors,andotherstakeholders,themorecomplexisanorganization'senvironment.

 False

Chapter6

1.Decision-makingistheresultofacomplex,eightstepprocessthatshouldconcludewith

Evaluatingtheeffectivenessofthedecision.

2.Aproblemonlyrequiresadecisionifyouareawarethataproblemexists,havetheresourcestoact,and

Areunderpressuretoact.

3.Thealternativesdevelopedinthedecision-makingprocessshouldbeevaluatedagainsttheestablishedcriteriaandthe

 Criteriashouldbeweightedaccordingtotheirimportance.

4.Theideathatmanagerstrytomakedecisionsrationally,butarelimitedbytheirabilitytogatherandprocessinformationiscalled

 Boundedrationality

5.Amanagerrespondingtoasevereaccidentontheshopfloorislikelytodecidewhattodobasedon

 Intuitionandsomerationalanalysis.

6.Aguestatahotelcomplainsthattheroomhasn’tbeenthoroughlyvacuumed.Thisisaneventthatoccursoccasionallyandcanbehandledwithastandardized,routineresponse.Thiswouldbe

Aprogrammeddecision

7.Thepeopleatthebottomoftheorganizationgenerallydealwithrepetitiveandfa