邱政政听力20篇.docx
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邱政政听力20篇
1.000139文科段子:
艺术类音乐
Itmayseemstrangethatwe'rediscussingmusicfromaBroadwayproductioninthisclass,"TheLionKing"especially,sinceit'sbasedonapopularHollywoodmovie.ImeanmusicpreformedforBroadwaytheaterintheheartofNewYorkcitysurelywouldseemtobeinthewesterntraditionofpopularmusicandnothavemuchincommonwiththemusicwehavebeenstudyinginthiscourse,suchasgamelanmusicofIndonesia,orZuluchantsofSouthAfrica,musicthatdevelopedoutsidethewesterntraditionofEuropeandAmerica.Butinfact,musicianshavealong-standingtraditionofborrowingfrontoneanother'scultures.Andthisproduction'sdirectorintentionallyincludedbothwesternandnon-westernmusic.Thatway,someoftherhythms,instrument,andharmoniestypicalofnon-westernmusiccontrastwithandcomplementpopularmusicmorefamiliartoaudiencesinNorthAmericaandEurope,musiclikerock,jazzorBroadwaystyleshowtunes.SoIwanttospendtherestofthisclassandmostofthenextoneonthemusicfromtheshow"TheLionKing"asawayofsummarizingsomeofthetechnicaldistinctionsbetweentypicalwesternmusicandthenon-westernmusicthatwe'vebeenstudying.NowtheAfricaninfluenceonthemusicisclear.ThestorytakesplaceinAfrica.SothedirectorgotaSouthAfricancomposertowritesongswithadistinctlyAfricansound.AndthesongsevenincludewordsfromAfricanlanguages.Butwe'llgetbacktotheAfricaninfluencelater.Firstlet'sturntothemusicthatwaswrittenfortheshadowpuppetscenesin"TheLionKing",musicbasedontheIndonesianmusicusedintheshadowpuppettheaterofthatregion
2.000143理科段子:
天文学
Inancienttimes,manypeoplebelievedtheearthwasaflatdisc.Wellover2,000yearsago;theancientGreekphilosopherswereabletoputforwardtwogoodargumentsprovingthatitwasnot.Directobservationsofheavenlybodieswerethebasisofboththesearguments.First,theGreeksknewthatduringeclipsesofthemoontheearthwasbetweenthesunandthemoon,andtheysawthatduringtheseeclipses,theearth'sshadowonthemoonwasalwaysround,theyrealizedthatthiscouldbetrueonlyiftheearthwasspherical,Ittheearthwasaflatdisc,thenitsshadowduringeclipseswouldnotbeaprefectcircle;itwouldbestretchedoutintoalongellipse.ThesecondargumentwasbasedonwhattheGreekssawduringtheirtravels.TheynoticedthattheNorthStar,orPolaris,appearedlowerintheskywhentheytraveledsouth,inthemorenortherlyregions,theNorthStarappearedtothemtobemuchhigherinthesky.Bytheway,itwasalsofromthisdifferenceintheapparentpositionoftheNorthStarthattheGreeksfirstcalculatedtheapproximatedistancearoundthecircumferenceoftheearth,afigurerecordedinancientdocumentssays400.000stadium,that'sthepluraloftheworldstadium.Today,it'snotknownexactlywhatlengthonestadiumrepresents,butlet'ssayitwasabout200meters,thelengthofmanyathleticstadiums.ThiswouldmaketheGreek'sestimateabouttwicethefigureacceptedtoday,averygoodestimateforthosewritingsolongbeforeeventhefirsttelescopewasinvented.
3.3.991044文科段子:
文学名著
Continuingoursurveyofthe19thcentury,let'stakealooknowatHarrietBeecherStowe.NowStoweisbestknownforhernovelUncleTom'sCabin,abookthatdetailstheharshnessofplantationlifeinthesouth.ThebookwasextremelypopularintheUnitedStatesaswellasinothercountries.Ironicallythough,foralltheattentiongiventoUncleTom'sCabin,it'sfarfromStowe'sbestwork.Shedidwriteoneothernovelaboutlifeinthesouth,butmuchofherbestworkhasnothingwiththesouthatall.Infact,Stowe'sbestwritingisaboutvillagelifeintheNewEngland'sstatesinthe19thcentury.Inrecordingtothecustomsofthevillagesshewroteabout,Stoweclaimedthatherpurposewastoreflecttheimagesasrealisticallyaspossible.Sheusuallysucceeded,forhersettingswereoftendescribedaccuratelyandindetail.Inthissense,shewasanimportantforerunnertotherealisticmovementthatbecamepopularlaterinthe19thcentury.Shewasoneofthefirstwriterstouselocaldialectforhercharacterswhentheyspoke.Andshedidthisfor30yearsbeforeMarkTwainpopularizedtheuseoflocaldialect.ItmakessensethatStowewouldwriteaboutNewEnglandlife,sinceshewasborninConnecticut.Asayoungwomanthere,sheworkedasateacher.Theteachingjobhelpedleadtoherfirstpublishedwork,ageographybookforchildren.Laterwhenshewasmarried,herwritinghelpedhersupportherfamilyfinancially.Throughoutherlife,shewrotepoems,travelbooks,biographicalsketchesandchildren'sbooks,aswellasnovelsforadults.
4.4.991040生活段子:
噪音影响
I'mgradtoseesomanyofyouhere.We'vebecomereallyalarmedoverthehealthcenterbythenumberofstudentsweareseeing,whoareexperiencinghearingloss.First,Iwanttogooversomebasicabouthearing.Thenwecantakealookatourschoolenvironmentandseeifwecanfigureoutsomewaystoprotecthearing.Theleadingcauseofpreventablehearinglossisexcessivenoise.Toomuchmoderatenoiseforalongtimeorsometypesofintensenoiseforevenashorttimecandamagehearing.Loudnessismeasuredinunitscalleddecibels.Onedecibelisthelowestsoundthattheaveragepersoncanhere.Soundsupto80decibelsgenerallyaren'tharmful.That'snoiseliketrafficonabusystreet.Butanythinglouderthan80decibels,especiallywithcontinuousexposure,mayeventuallyhurtyourhearing.Onceyouareuptoaround140decibels,that'slikeajetplanetakingoff,thenyoumightevenfeelpaininyourears.Andpainsaresuresignthatyourhearing'satrisk.Evenoneexposuretoareallyloudnoiseatcloserangecancausehearingloss.Sowhatyouneedtodoislimityourexposuretoharmfullevels.Ifyoupassalongthishandout,wecantakealookatthedecibellevelofsomecommoncampussounds.Noticehowloudthosehornsarethatpeopletaketofootballgames.Theyarereallydangerousifblownrightbehindyou.Now,let'strytogeneratealistofdamagingnoises
5.5.990839文科段子:
电影艺术
TogetusstartedthissemesterIamgoingtospendthefirsttwoclassesgivingyoubackgroundlecturesaboutsomebasiccinematicconcepts.Onceyouarealittlemorefamiliarwithbasicfilmterminology,wewillbereadytolookatthehistoryofmoviesintheUnitedStates.You'llbeexpectedtoattendshowingoffilmsonTuesdayeveningsat7o'clockinJenningsAuditorium.That'sourlab.ThenduringourWednesdayseminar,we'lldiscussindepththemoviewesawthenightbefore.Wearenotcoveringsilentfilmsinthiscourse.Wewillbeginwiththefirsttalkingmotionpicture,TheJazzSinger,releasedin1927.Thenextweek,we'llbelookingatTheGoldDiggersof1933,apiecethatisveryrepresentativeoftheescapisttrendinfilmsreleasedduringthedepression.Someofthefilmswewillbewatchingwillprobablybenewtoyou,likeFrankCapra'sWhyWeFight.OthersyoumighthavealreadyseenonTVlikeRebelwithoutACausestarringJamesDeane,orStanleyCooper'sDoctor'sStrangeLove.However,Ihopeyouseeevenfamiliarfilmwithneweye.Inthelastthreeweeksofthecourse,wewillbewatchingfilmsfromthe1980sandyou'llchooseoneofthemasasubjectforanextensivewrittencritique.We'lltalkmoreabouttherequirementsofthecritiquelaterinthissemester
6.6.990848文科段子:
历史发展
Lasttime,weoutlinedhowtheCivilWarfinallygotstarted.Iwanttotalktodayaboutthepoliticalmanagementofthewaronbothsides:
thenorthunderAbrahamLincolnandthesouthunderJeffersonDavis.Animportanttaskforbothofthesepresidentswastojustifyfortheircitizensjustwhythewarwasnecessary.In1861,onJuly4th,Lincolngavehisfirstmajorspeechinwhichhepresentedthenorthernreasonsforthewar.Itwas,hesaid,topreservedemocracy.Lincolnsuggestedthatthiswarwasanoblecrusadethatwoulddeterminethefutureofdemocracythroughouttheworld.Forhimtheissuewaswhetherornotthisgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeoplecouldmaintainitsintegrity,coulditremaincompleteandsurviveitsdomesticfoes.Inotherwords,couldafewdiscontentedindividualsandbythathemeantthosewholedthesouthernrebellion,couldtheyarbitrarilybreakupthegovernmentandputanendtofreegovernmentonearth?
Theonlywayforthenationtosurvivewastocrushtherebellion.Atthetime,hewashopefulthatthewarwouldn'tlastlongandtheslaveownerswouldbeputdownforever,butheunderestimatedhowdifficultthewarwouldbe.ItwouldbeharderthananytheAmericanshadthoughtbeforeorsince,largelybecausethenorthhadtobreakthewillofthesouthernpeople,notjustbyitsarmy.ButLincolnralliednorthernerstoadeepcommitmenttothecause.Theycametoperceivethewarasakindofdemocraticcrusadeagainstsouthernsociety.
7.7.981042文科段子:
传媒变迁
Movingawayfromnewspapers,let'snowfocusonmagazines.NowthefirstmagazinewasalittleperiodicalcalledtheReviewanditwasstartedinLondonin1704.Itlookedalotlikethenewspapersofthetime,butintermsofitscontentsitwasmuchdifferent.NewspaperswereconcernedmainlywithnewseventsbuttheReviewfocusedonimportantdomesticissuesoftheday,aswellasthepoliciesofthegovernment.Now,inEnglandatthetime,peoplecouldstillbethrowninjailforpublishingarticlesthatwerecriticaloftheking.AndthatiswhathappenedtoDanielDefoe.Hewastheoutspokenfounderofthereview.DefoeactuallywrotethefirstissueoftheReviewfromprison.Yousee,hehadbeenarrestedbecauseofhiswritingsthatcriticize