英语不规则动词过去式及其用法.docx
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英语不规则动词过去式及其用法
不规则动词过去式和过去分词
A.原型,过去式,和过去分词完全不同
drink---drank----drunkring----rang-----rungswim----swam----swumsing----sang----sung
sink----sank----sunkblow----blew----blowngrow----grew----grownknow---knew---known
fly----flew----flowntake----took----takenshake----shook----shakendrive----drove----driven
write---wrote---writtenrise---rose---risenride----rode----riddenspeak----spoke----spoken
steal----stole----stolenbreak----broke----brokenwake----woke----wokenfreeze----froze----frozen
forget----forgot----forgottenchoose----chose----chosendraw----drew----drawneat----ate----eaten
fall----fell----fallengive----gave----givenhide----hid----hiddensee----saw----seen
do----did----done
B.过去式与过去分词完全相同
bright----brought----broughtthink----thought----thoughtfight----fought----foughtbuy----bought----bought
catch----caught----caughtsell----sold----soldtell----told----toldsay----said----said
pay----paid----paidsend----sent----sentlend----lent----lentspend----spent----spent
burn----burnt----burntlearn----learnt----learntmean----meant----meantfeel----felt----felt
smell----smelt----smeltsleep----slept----sleptsweep---slept----sleptleave----left----left
build----built----builtlose----lost----lostget----got----gotmeet----met----met
sit----sat----satshoot----shot----shotlead----led----ledspit----spat----spat
have----had----hadhold----held----heldmake----made----madestand----stood---stood
hear----heard----heardfind----found----founddig----dug----dugshine----shone----shone
understand----understood----understoodwin----won----won
C.原型与过去分词相同
come----came----comerun----ran----runbecome----became----become
D.原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同
cast----cast----castcut----cut----cutput----put----putlet----let----letset----set----set
hit----hit----hitshut----shut----shut
hang----hung----hung吊,挂lie---lied---lied说谎lie---lay---lain躺下,位于,平放
hanged----hanged处绞刑lay---laid---laid置放。
动词 过去式
be(am\is) was
are were
come came
go went
do(does) did
fly flew
draw drew
make made
sing sang
have(has) had
eat ate
drink drank
put put
let let
read read
can could
see saw
meet met
get got
forget forgot
take took
can could
may might
shall should
will would
know knew
begin began
bend bent
build built
spend spent
mean meant
learn learnt learned
buy bought
think thought
teach taught
catch caught
sleep slept
sweep swept
keep kept
speak spoke
ride rode
feel felt
leave left
give gave
run ran
ring rang
sit sat
swim swam
say said
stand stood
tell told
throw threw
win won
write wrote
不规则动词的过去式的构成
1.把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。
如:
begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam
2.把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。
如:
drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote
3.改动词原形中的aw/ow为ew,变成过去式。
如:
draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)
4.动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。
如:
get—got,forget—forgot
5.动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。
如:
feed—fed,meet—met
6.动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。
如:
keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept
7.动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。
如:
break—broke,speak—spoke
8.动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。
如:
sell—sold,tell—told
9.动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。
如:
stand—stood,understand—understood
10.以ought和aught结尾,且读音是[:
t]的过去式。
如:
bring—brought,buy—bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught
11.以ould结尾且读音为[ud]的情态动词过去式。
如:
can—could,shall—should,will—would
12.把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。
如:
come—came,become—became
13.在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。
如:
hear[hi]—heard[h:
d],say[sei]—said[sed],mean[mi:
n]—meant[ment]
14.动词的过去式与动词原形一样。
如:
let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read[red]
15.不符合上述规律的动词过去式。
如:
16.am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have/has—had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took
17.
18.不规则动词过去式和过去分词巧记方法
19.动词的过去式和过去分词是初中英语教学中的重点,而有些动词的不规则变化是这些重点中的难点,但这些不规则变化也不是毫无规律可循的。
现将初中英语中一些常用的不规则动词变化介绍如下。
20.
21. 一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。
如:
22.cut-cut-cut,hit-hit-hit,put-put-put,cost-cost-cost,let-let-let,shut-shut-shut,set-set-set,hurt-hurt-hurt,spread-spread-spread
23.
24. 特殊:
动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-read,但发音分别是[ri:
d]-[red]-[red]。
25.
26. 二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。
如:
27.come-came-come,become-became-become,run-ran-run,overcome-overcame-overcome
28.
29. 三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。
如:
30. 1.把单词结尾的字母d改为t。
如:
31.lend-lent-lent,spend-spent-spent,send-sent-sent
32.2.改变单词中间元音字母。
如:
33. sit-sat-sat,win-won-won,shine-shone-shone,hold-held-held
34. 3.以eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept。
如:
35. keep-kept-kept,sleep-slept-slept,sweep-swept-swept
36.4.过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。
如:
37.buy-bought-bought,fight-fought-fought,think-thought-thought,bring-brought-brought,teach-taught-taught,catch-caught-caught
38.5.有的以ay结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。
如:
39.say-said-said,lay-laid-laid,pay-paid-paid
40.6.另有一些其它形式的变化。
如:
have-had-had,learn-learnt-learnt,leave-left-left,lose-lost-lost,make-made-made,meet-met-met,feel-felt-felt
41.四、有些动词原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变i为a,在过去分词中变i为u。
如:
42.五、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词,在变成过去式时,通常把元音字母变成e,在变成过去分词时,通常只在词尾加n。
如:
43.blow-blew-blown,draw-drew-drawn,grow-grew-grown,throw-threw-thrown,know-knew-known
44.
45. 六、有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加n或en,变成以en结尾的单词。
如:
46.rise-rose-risen,give-gave-given,take-took-taken,fall-fell-fallen,drive-drove-driven,eat-ate-eaten
47.
48. 特殊:
write-wrote-written,speak-spoke-spoken,ride-rode-ridden,get-got-gotten
雅思、托福、高考、SAT考试
英语不规则动词强化速成
(一)原形、过去式、过去分词同形(13个)。
1.put→put→put,
2.hit→hit→hit,
3.let→let→let,
4.cost→cost→cost,
5.spread→spread→spread.
6.broadcast→broadcast→broadcast
7.shut→shut→shut
8.upset→upset→upset
9.cast→cast→cast
10.read→read→read
11.cut→cut→cut
12.hurt→hurt→hurt
13.set→set→set
.
Ihavereadthisbooktwicebefore.这本书我已经读过两遍了。
•Thebookhitmeonthehead.书打中了我的脑袋。
•Iputtheappleinthecorner.我把苹果放在墙角。
(二)原形动词+同形的过去式、过去分词(61个)。
如:
1.win→won→won,
2.bind→bound→bound
3.bleed→bled→bled
4.bring→brought→brought
5.buy→bought→bought
6.catch→caught→caught
7.deal→dealt→dealt
8.dig→dug→dug,
9.dream→dreamt→dreamt
10.→dreamed→dreamed
11.feed→fed→fed
12.find→found→found,
13.feel→felt→felt,
14.get→got→got,
15.hang→hung→hung(悬挂),
16.→hanged→hanged
17.hold→held→held,
18.leap→leapt→leapt,
19.→leaped→leaped
20.learn→learnt→learnt,
21.→learned→learned
22.lend→lent→lent,
23.light→lit→lit,
24.→lighted→lighted
25.lose→lost→lost,
26.lay→laid→laid,
27.leave→left→left,
28.keep→kept→kept
29.get→got→got(ten),
30.mean→meant→meant
31.meet→met→met,
32.overhear→overheard→overheard
33.panic→panicked→panicked使恐慌;使惊慌
34.pay→paid→paid
35.rewind→rewound→rewound
36.sit→sat→sat,
37.stand→stood→stood,
38.say→said→said,
39.tell→told→told,
40.make→made→made,
41.hear→heard→heard,
42.sell→sold→sold.
43.shine→shoneshined→shinedshone
44.sleep→slept→slept.
45.smell→smelt→smelt.
46.→smelled→smelled
47.spellbind→spellbound→spellbound.
48.spend→spent→spent
49.spill→spilt→spilt使溢出,使散落,洒,使流出,使摔下,倒出
50.spit→spat→spat吐出,发射,发出,喷吐
51.spoil→spoilt→spoilt损坏,搞糟,宠坏,溺爱;扰乱
52.stick→stuck→stuck
53.sweep→swept→swept
54.teach→taught→taught
55.tell→told→told
56.think→thought→thought
57.understand→understood→understood
58.wake→woke→woke
59.→waked→waked
60.→woken
61.win→won→won
•Istoodupandturned. 我站起来,转过身。
•Itwasawareofhavingbeenfound,thenitranaway.它觉察到自己被发现了,于是逃跑了。
•Isatquietlystaringattheapple.我静静地坐在那里盯着苹果。
•Ifelthappyatbeingpraisedbyparents.被父母夸奖我感到很高兴。
(三)原形与过去分词同形(4个)。
如
come→came→come,
become→became→become,
run→ran→run.
• Itwasawareofhavingbeenfound,thenitranaway.它觉察到自己被发现了,于是逃跑了。
(四)原形、过去式、过去分词三种各不同形。
(50个)
1.arise→arose→arisen→arising
2.be(is,am,are)→was(was,were)→been,
3.bear→bore→born→bearing
4.arise→arose→arisen→arising
5.begin→began→begun
6.bid→bad→bidden
7.→bid→bid
8.blow→blew→blown
9.break→broke→broken
10.choose→chose→chosen
11.do→did→done,
12.draw→drew→drawn
13.drink→drank→drunk
14.drive→drove→driven
15.eat→ate→eaten
16.fall→fell→fallen
17.fly→flew→flown
18.forbid→forbade→forbidden
19.→forbad→forbidden
20.forget→forgot→forgot(ten)
21.foresee→foresaw→foreseen
22.freeze→froze→frozen
23.give→gave→given
24.go→went→gone
25.grow→grew→grown
26.hide→hid→hiddn
27.know→knew→known
28.lie→lay→lain
29.know→knew→known
30.mistake→mistook→mistaken
31.ride→rode→ridden
32.ring→rang→rung,
33.rise→rose→risen
34.see→saw→seen,
35.sew→sewed→sewn/sewed
36.shake→shook→shaken,
37.show→showed→shown/showed
38.shrink→shrank/shrunk→shr