现代大学英语unit4课后练习答案.docx
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现代大学英语unit4课后练习答案
KeytoExercises
Preview
第一大题
1.ThisarticlewaswritteninpraiseoftheheroesandtheheroismdemonstratedduringanaircrashwhichtookplaceinWashingtonD.C.intheyear1982.
2.TheterriblecrashoccurredincoldwinterwhenajetplanefromWashingtonNationalAirporthitthebridgeoverthePotomacriver.Theplanedroppedintotheriverandsoonsank/wentunder,bringmanypassengersdownwithit.Thosewhomanagedtogetoutoftheplanefoundthemselvesinicy-coldwater.
3.Disastersarealwaysterriblebecausetheymeangreatdamageandlossoflife.Asdisastersgo,thisaircrashwasnothingveryspecial.Butbecauseofthefourheroes,itbroughtmillionstotearsorattention.Threeofthemformedapolicehelicopterteam,andtheyriskedtheirlivesagainandagainastheytriedtopickupsurvivors.Butthegreatestherowasamanknownas“themaninthewater”becausehisnamewasneverfound.Hewasseenclingingtothetailoftheplanewithfiveotherpassengers.Buteverytimealifelineorflotationringwasdroppedtohim,hepasseditontoanotherofthepassengers.Thosepassengerssurvived.Butthemandidnot.
4.Theemotionalimpactofthisdisplayofcourageandnoblecharacterwastremendous,becauseitshowedhumannatureatitsbest.Thismaninthewatermusthavebeenanordinaryperson.Beforetheaircrash,hewouldneverhaveguessedwhataheroicdeedhewasgoingtoperformthatday,butwhenthegreattestcame,herosetotheoccasion.
5.Theauthorbelievesthatthisdisasterfilledpeoplewithasenseofprideratherthansadness,becauseinthecontestbetweenindifferentnaturalforcesandthemoralpowerofhumanbeings,humanbeingshavewon.Themanwentdownintheriver,butheactuallyrosetoimmortality.
第二大题
1.Theunusualelementisthebridge,becausenormally,aircrashesdonotinvolveabridge.
Note:
Theword“element”meansafactororabasicpartofsomethingcomplicated.
2.“Acityofformandrules”meansacitythatisshapelyorbeautifulandorderly,butitsuddenlyturnedintoitsoppositeandbecamechaotic,turningintoastateofcompletedisorderandconfusion.
Thetwometalsherereferstothebridgeandtheplane,bothofwhicharemadeofmetal,ormorespecifically,ironandsteel钢铁.
3.Fromthepointofviewofartisticbeauty,therewasalsoaclashorconflict,becausetheplanewaspaintedintoblueandgreen,theriverandblack,andthechunksoficeweregrey.Mixtureofdifferenttypesofcolorwouldmaketheviewersuncomfortable,sotheywouldregardthissceneas“aestheticclash”.
4.Perhapspeopledidnotregardthisairclashasafailureatall.Theyallsawthetriumphofhumannatureovertheelements.
5.Herehumannatureandnaturalpowersareinconflict/clash.
“Gropingandstruggling”referstothefactthatnormallyitishumaninstinct本能;天性togropeforsomethingtohangonto(=toholdon;tosurvive)andtostruggleforlife.
6.Risetotheoccasion:
todealsuccessfullywithaproblemorsituationthatisespeciallydifficult.
7.Thesentencemeans“Threeoutofthefouracknowledgedheroes...areabletoaccountfortheirbehavior”.
Accountfor:
togiveasatisfactoryexplanation.
8.Inthelineofduty:
whileworking;whileonduty
9.Skutnicaddedthatsomebodyhadtogointhewatersayingwhateveryherowouldsayunderthecircumstances,butalthoughtheremarkhasbeenrepeatedbymanyheroes,itisstilladmirable.
10.Itmeansthemainreasonfortheemotionalimpact,orthepersonwhocausedthegreatemotionalimpact.
11.Masscasualty:
agreatnumberofpeopleinjuredandkilledinanaccidentorbattle.Theword“mass”hereisanadjective,meaningaffectingalotofpeople.Cf:
massmurder;masskilling;massdestruction;masshysteria;massprotest;massmovement;massunemployment;themassmedia;themassmarket;mass-producev;mass-producedadj.;massproduction.Derivation:
massacre;massive
Commitment:
asenseofdutyandresponsibilityandadeterminationtoworkhardatit.
12.Ashisnameremainedunknown,itmadehimasortofsymbol,asymbolofwhathumanbeingscandowhentheyareattheirbest.
13.“listeningto...”isaparticiplephraseusedasanadverbialofmanner,modifyingthepredicateofthemainclause“sitting”;“tell...”and“saying...”arebothpartofthecomplexobjectof“listeningto”;and“tofasten...”ispartofthecomplexobjectof“tell”.
14.Intheessential,classiccircumstance:
inthemostsignificant/crucial/decisiveandtypicalcircumstance
15.Theage-oldbattlebetweenhumanbeingsandnature
16.Goateachother:
tofighteachotherviolently
Actonprinciples:
toactaccordingtothedistinctionbetweengoodandevil;toactaccordingtomoralprinciples
17.Itmeansthatwhenthemaninthewatergavealifelinetothepeoplegaspingforsurvival,inthesamewayheseemedtobealsosavingthelivesofthosewhowatchedhim,makingthemunderstandlife’struemeaning.
18.Holdittoastandoff:
makenatureunabletowinthebattleimmediately(迫使自然接受在和人的斗争中的僵持局面,使它不能马上得逞)
Vocabulary
第一大题
第一小题
1.Incompetence
2.Immoral
3.Impossible
4.Incomplete
5.Impersonal
6.Incredible
7.Indirect
8.Immovable
9.Immortal
10.Impolite
11.Informal
12.Improper
13.Impartial
14.Impatient
15.Incorrect
16.Incapable
17.Insignificant
18.Impractical
19.Imperfect
20.Insensitive
21.Impermissible
22.Impenetrable
23.Indifferent
24.Immovable
25.Invisible
26.Immodest
27.Immature
28.Invaluable
29.Invariable
30.immeasurable
第二小题
(1)-ee:
noun.Onewhoreceives
(2)-eer:
noun.Doer;devicefor
(3)-ess:
noun.female
第三小题
1.经济起飞
2.欢送会
3.梦想复辟
4.可耻的出卖
5.后续讨论
6.产品用后就扔的现代经济
7.使用过多的化妆品
8.严重的精神崩溃
9.给了个表示许可的信号
10.怀疑这是有意掩盖真相
11.我们叫个外卖吧
12.在军事接管之后
13.给学生一些讲义
14.改革的好处、红利
15.联盟最后的破裂
16.中途退学的人
17.第二天清晨仍能感觉到的酒后头昏
18.出来参加投票的人不多vote
第二大题
1.Employer
2.Unfasten
3.Bad/evil
4.Unidentified
5.Concerned/caring/considerate/interested/sympathetic
6.Immovable
7.Impersonal
8.Irresponsible
9.Selfishness
10.Individual/personal/specific/private/unique
Oneandonly
11.Shallow
12.Undress
13.Slightly/somewhat/inpart/partiallyimpartial
14.Denydenial
15.(bride)Groom
第三大题
1.Aircrashes/aircollisionandothernaturaldisasters
2.Humannatureandcharacter
3.Thetailsectionofajetplane
4.Hugechunksofice;ahugechunkofice
5.Aflotationring
6.Fastentheseatbelt
7.Culture/Culturalconflict/clash/collision/shock
8.Flight911
9.Mechanicalfailure
10.Humantragedy
11.Harshremarks
12.Makeadistinctionbetweengoodandevil
13.Presidentialmonuments
14.Typical/classic/representativecircumstance
15.Universalcharacter/characteristic/feature
16.Apublichero
17.Emotionalimpact
18.Amomentofhigh/heavytraffic;rushhour;trafficpeak
19.Enduring/lastingwonder
20.AirFlorida
21.CongressionalBudgetOffice/Bureau/
22.Masscasualties
第四大题
1.Referto;knownas
2.Inreality;asever;responsiblefor
Note:
Asmall,isolatedgrouporarea:
therewerepocketsofdisaffection不满;背叛inpartsofthecountry
MOREEXAMPLESENTENCES
Itiscallingforanewapproachtonatureconservation,focusingonwholelandscapesratherthanisolatedpockets.偏远区域
Famineisbitingdeepinisolatedpocketsalloverthecountry.
Therearecoalitions,butthey'reinseparatepocketsaroundthecountry,itisnotanationalcoalition.
ADJECTIVE[ATTRIBUTIVE]
Ofasuitablesizeforcarryinginapocket:
apocketGermandictionary
Picksb’spocket
Pickpocketn.thief/theft/thieve
3.Brought;totears;sticks
Ifyoudosomethingsingle-handed(ly),youdoitonyourown,withouthelpfromanyoneelse.单独地
Ibroughtupmysevenchildrensingle-handed.
我独自带大了7个孩子。
YoucanprobablyblameNicolasSarkozyforthat,hehassingle-handedlychangedtheperception/viewofhowtheworldseesFrenchmen.
你可以怪尼古拉•萨科奇。
仅因为他一个人的不足,就改变了全世界对法国男人的看法。
4.Worth;referto;Ontheotherhand;makeacarefuldistinction
5.Cametotheconclusion;for
Settlement:
Ourobjectivemustbetosecureapeace(ful)settlement.
我们的目标必须是确保达成一个和平协议。
Sheacceptedanout-of-courtsettlementof$40,000.
她接受了4万美元庭外和解。
...waystodelaythesettlementofdebts.
…拖延债务清偿的办法。
Payoff
Thevillageisasettlementofjustfiftyhouses.
这个村子是个仅有50家住户的定居地。
reputation
6.Takesoff;onbehalfof
7.Tobesure;careabout;risetotheoccasion
8.Responsiblefor;accountfor
第五大题
1.To;as
2.On;to
3.To;of
4.On;in;under
5.Accordingto;over
6.With;at;at
7.Against;for;to
8.On;to
9.On;to
10.Outof/In/Owingto/Becauseof/Dueto;of
第六大题
1.Thefactthathewasabletoavoidtheseeminglyinevitable/unavoidablecrashmadehimanationalhero.
2.Ofthefourstudentswhoriskedtheirlivestotrytodragthedrowningchildrentoshore,twoneverreturned.
3.TheJapaneseareknownfortheirlonglifespan.Theybelievetheyowethistotheireatinghabits/thecompositionoftheirdiet,whichcontainsalotoffishproducts.
HIVvirushasaundeterminedlifespanoutsidethehumanbody,rangingfromseveralminutestoseveralhours.SodonotturnpalewhenHIVismentioned.
Istudiedwithhiminthesameschoolforaspanoffouryears.
ZhaoYazhi’sperformingcareerspannedmorethanfourdecades.
4.IknowHarris.Icouldn’timagineamanlikehimmakingsuchstupidremarks.
5.Aftertestingherloyaltymanytimes,hewasnowgoingtogiveherthemostdangeroustask.
6.IheardthatLincolnhaddeliveredanextremelypowerfulspeechonthatoccasion.Whateverdidheactuallysay?
7.Thatthistimetheymustbereadytochallenge/defydeathwascleartoeverybody.Butnooneregrettedthismove/action/measure.
8.Asaccidentsgo/Asfarasaccidentsareconcerned,therewasnothingunusual/outofth