沙与沫中小学生必读丛书.docx

1、沙与沫中小学生必读丛书1冰心序纪伯伦一八八三年生于黎巴嫩山。十二岁时到过美国，两年后又回到东方，进了贝鲁特的阿希马大学。一九三年，他又到美国住了五年，在波士顿的时候居多。此后他便到巴黎学绘画，同时漫游了欧洲，一九一二年回到纽约，在那里久住。这时他用阿拉伯文写了许多的书，有些已译成欧洲各国的文字。以后又用英文写了几本，如疯人（The madman，1981），先驱者（The Forerunner，1920），先知（The Prophet，1923），人子的耶稣（Jesus the Son of Man，1928）等，都在纽约克那夫书店出版。先知是他的最受欢迎的作品。关于作者的生平，我所知道的，只

2、是这些了。我又知道法国的雕刻名家罗丹称他为二十世纪的布莱克；又知道他的作品曾译成十八种文字，到处受到热烈的欢迎。这本书，先知，是我在一九二七年冬月在美国朋友处读到的，那满含着东方气息的超妙的哲理和流丽的文词，予我以极深的印象！一九二八年春天，我曾请我的“习作”班同学，分段移译。以后不知怎么，那译稿竟不曾收集起来。一九三年三月，病榻无聊，又把它重看了一遍，觉得这本书实在有翻译的价值，于是我逐段翻译2了。从那年四月十八日起，逐日在天津益世报文学副刊发表。不幸那副刊不久就停止了，我的译述也没有继续下去。今年夏日才一鼓作气地把它译完。我感到许多困难，哲理的散文本来难译，哲理的散文诗就更难译了。我自信我

3、还尽力，不过书中还有许多词句，译定之后，我仍有无限的犹疑。这是我初次翻译的工作，我愿得到读者的纠正和指导。八，二十三，一九三一。冰心3目录沙与沫Sand and Foam /1-125先知 The Prophet /127船的到来 The Coming of the Ship /128论 爱 On Love /142论婚姻 On Marriage /148论孩子 On Children /150论施与 On Giving /152论饮食 On Eating and Drinking /158论工作 On Work /162论哀乐 On Joy and Sorrow /168论居室 On Hou

4、ses /170论衣服 On Clothes /176论买卖 On Buying and Selling /178论罪与罚 On Crime and Punishment /182论法律 On Laws /1904论自由 On Freedom /194论理性与热情 On Reason and Passion /198论苦痛 On Pain /202论自知 On Self-Knowledge /204论教授 On Teaching /206论友谊 On Friendship /208论谈话 On Talking /212论时光 On Time /214论善恶 On Good and Evil /

5、216论祈祷 On Prayer /220论逸乐 On Pleasure /224论 美 On Beauty /230论宗教 On Religion /234论 死 On Death /238言 别 The Farewell /242后记 /266沙与沫Sand and Foam2我永远在沙岸上行走，在沙土和泡沫的中间。高潮会抹去我的脚印，风也会把泡沫吹走。但是海洋和沙岸却将永远存在。我曾抓起一把烟雾。然后我伸掌一看，哎哟，烟雾变成一个虫子。我把手握起再伸开一看，手里却是一只鸟。我再把手握起又伸开，在掌心里站着一个容颜忧郁，向天仰首的人。我又把手握起，当我伸掌的时候，除了烟雾以外，一无所有。但

6、是我听到了一支绝顶甜柔的歌曲。I am forever walking upon these shores,Betwixt the sand and the foam.The high tide will erase my foot-prints,And the wind will blow away the foam.But the sea and the shore will remain forever.Once I filled my hand with mist.Then I opened it and lo, the mist was a worm.And I closed and

7、 opened my hand again, and behold there was a bird.And again I closed and opened my hand, and in its hollow stood a manwith a sad face, turned upward.And again I closed my hand, and when I opened it there was naughtbut mist.But I heard a song of exceeding sweetness.345仅仅在昨天，我认为我自己只是一个碎片，无韵律地在生命的穹苍中颤

8、抖。现在我晓得，我就是那穹苍，一切生命都是在我里面有韵律地转动的碎片。他们在觉醒的时候对我说：“你和你所居住的世界，只不过是无边海洋的无边沙岸上的一粒沙子。”在梦里我对他们说：“我就是那无边的海洋，大千世界只不过是我的沙岸上的沙粒。”It was but yesterday I thought myself a fragment quivering withoutrhythm in the sphere of life.Now I know that I am the sphere, and all life in rhythmic fragmentsmoves within me.They

9、say to me in their awakening, You and the world you live in arebut a grain of sand upon the infinite shore of an infinite sea. And in my dream I say to them, I am the infinite sea, and all worldsare but grains of sand upon my shore.只有一次把我窘得哑口无言，就是当一个人问我“你是谁？”的时候。想到神的第一个念头是一个天使。说到神的第一个字眼是一个人。我们是有海洋以前

10、千万年的扑腾着、飘游着、追求着的生物，森林里的风把语言给予了我们。那么我们怎能以昨天的声音来表现我们心中的远古年代呢？斯芬克斯只说过一次话。斯芬克斯说：“一粒沙子就是一片沙漠，一片沙漠就是一粒沙子；现在再让我们沉默下去吧。”6Only once have I been made mute. It was when a man asked me,Who are you?The first thought of God was an angel.The first word of God was a man.We were fluttering, wandering, longing creatu

11、res a thousand thousandyears before the sea and the wind in the forest gave us words.Now how can we express the ancient of days in us with only thesounds of our yesterdays?The Sphinx spoke only once, and the Sphinx said, A grain of sand is adesert, and a desert is a grain of sand; and now let us all

12、 be silent again.7我听到了斯芬克斯的话，但是我不懂得。我在埃及的沙土上躺了很久，沉默着而且忘却了季节。然后太阳把生命给了我，我起来在尼罗河岸上行走。和白天一同唱歌，和黑夜一同做梦。现在太阳又用一千只脚在我身上践踏，让我再在埃及的沙土上躺下。但是，请看一个奇迹和一个谜吧！那个把我集聚起来的太阳，不能把我打散。我依旧挺立着，我以稳健的步履在尼罗河岸上行走。8 I heard the Sphinx, but I did not understand.Long did I lie in the dust of Egypt, silent and unaware of the seas

13、ons.Then the sun gave me birth, and I rose and walked upon the banks ofthe Nile.Singing with the days and dreaming with the nights.And now the sun threads upon me with a thousand feet that I may lieagain in the dust of Egypt.But behold a marvel and a riddle!The very sun that gathered me cannot scatt

14、er me.Still erect am I, and sure of foot do I walk upon the banks of the Nile.910记忆是相会的一种形式。健忘是自由的一种形式。我们依据无数太阳的运转来测定时间；他们以他们口袋里的小小的机器来测定时间。那么请告诉我，我们怎能在同一的地点和同一的时间相会呢？对于从银河的窗户里下望的人，空间就不是地球与太阳之间的空间了。人性是一条光河，从永久以前流向永久。难道在以太里居住的精灵，不妒羡世人的痛苦吗？11Remembrance is a form of meeting.Forgetfulness is a form of

15、freedom.We measure time according to the movement of countlesssuns; and they measure time by little machines in their littlepockets.Now tell me, how could we ever meet at the same placeand the same time?Space is not space between the earth and the sun to onewho looks down from the windows of the Mil

16、ky Way.Humanity is a river of light running from the ex-eternity toeternity.Do not the spirits who dwell in the ether envy man hispain?12在到圣城去的路上，我遇到另一位香客，我问他：“这条就是到圣城去的路吗？”他说：“跟我来吧，再有一天一夜就到达圣城了。”我就跟随他。我们走了几天几夜，还没有走到圣城。使我惊讶的是，他带错了路反而对我大发脾气。神呵，让我做狮子的俘食，要不就让兔子做我的俘食吧。除了通过黑夜的道路，人们不能到达黎明。我的房子对我说：“不要离开我，因

17、为你的过去住在这里。”道路对我说，“跟我来吧，因为我是你的将来。”我对我的房子和道路说，“我没有过去，也没有将来。如果我住下来，我的住中就有去；如果我去，我的去中就有住。只有爱和死才能改变一切。”On my way to the Holy City I met another pilgrim and I asked him, Isthis indeed the way to the Holy City?And he said, Follow me, and you will reach the Holy City in a dayand a night.And I followed him.

18、And we walked many days and many nights, yetwe did not reach the Holy City.And what was to my surprise he became angry with me, because hehad misled me.Make me, oh God, the prey of the lion, ere You make the rabbit myprey.One may not reach the dawn save by the path of the night.My house says to me,

19、Do not leave me, for here dwells your past.And the road says to me, Come and follow me, for I am your future.And I say to both my house and the road, I have no past, nor have Ia future. If I stay here, there is a going in my staying; and if I go there is astaying in my going. Only love and death wil

20、l change all things.1314当那些睡在绒毛上面的人所做的梦，并不比睡在土地上的人的梦更美好的时候，我怎能对生命的公平失掉信心呢？奇怪得很，对某些娱乐的愿望，也是我的痛苦的一部分。How can I lose faith in the justice of life, when the dreams ofthose who sleep upon feathers are not more beautiful than thedreams of those who sleep upon the earth?Strange, the desire for certain plea

21、sures is a part of my pain.1516曾有七次我鄙视了自己的灵魂：第一次是在她可以上升而却谦让的时候。第二次是我看见她在瘸者面前跛行的时候。第三次是让她选择难易，而她选了易的时候。第四次是她做错了事，却安慰自己说别人也同样做错了事。第五次是她容忍了软弱，而把她的忍受称为坚强。第六次是当她轻蔑一个丑恶的容颜的时候，却不知道那是她自己的面具中之一。第七次是当她唱一首颂歌的时候，自己相信这是一种美德。17Seven times have I despised my soul:The first time when I saw her being meek that she m

22、ight attain height.The second time when I saw her limping before the crippled.The third time when she was given to choose between the hard and theeasy, and she chose the easy.The fourth time when she committed a wrong, and comforted herselfthat others also commit wrong.The fifth time when she forbor

23、e for weakness, and attributed herpatience to strength.The sixth time when she despised the ugliness of a face, and knew notthat it was one of her own masks.And the seventh time when she sang a song of praise, and deemed it avirtue.我不知道什么是绝对的真理。但是我对于我的无知是谦虚的，这其中就有了我的荣誉和报酬。在人的幻想和成就中间有一段空间，只能靠他的热望来通过。

24、天堂就在那边，在那扇门后，在隔壁的房里；但是我把钥匙丢了。也许我只是把它放错了地方。你瞎了眼睛，我是又聋又哑，因此让我们握起手来互相了解吧。一个人的意义不在于他的成就，而在于他所企求成就的东西。1819I am ignorant of absolute truth. But I am humble before my ignoranceand therein lies my honor and my reward.There is a space between mans imagination and mans attainment thatmay only be traversed by

25、his longing.Paradise is there, behind that door, in the next room; but I have lost thekey.Perhaps I have only mislaid it.You are blind and I am deaf and dumb, so let us touch hands andunderstand.The significance of man is not in what he attains, but rather in what helongs to attain.20我们中间，有些人像墨水，有些人

26、像纸张。若不是因为有些人是黑的话，有些人就成了哑巴；若不是因为有些人是白的话，有些人就成了瞎子。给我一只耳朵，我将给你以声音。我们的心才是一块海绵；我们的心怀是一道河水。然而我们大多宁愿吸收而不肯奔流，这不是很奇怪吗？当你想望着无名的恩赐，怀抱着无端的烦恼的时候，你就真和一切生物一同长大，升向你的大我。当一个人沉醉在一个幻象之中，他就会把这幻象的模糊的情味当作真实的酒。你喝酒为的是求醉；我喝酒为的是要从别种的醉酒中清醒过来。Some of us are like ink and some like paper.And if it were not for the blackness of so

27、me of us, some of us wouldbe dumb;And if it were not for the whiteness of some of us, some of us wouldbe blind.Give me an ear and I will give you a voice.Our mind is a sponge; our heart is a stream.Is it not strange that most of us choose sucking rather than running?When you long for blessings that

28、you may not name, and when yougrieve knowing not the cause, then indeed you are growing with all thingsthat grow, and rising toward your greater self.When one is drunk with a vision, he deems his faint expression of itthe very wine.You drink wine that you may be intoxicated; and I drink that it mays

29、ober me from that other wine.21当我的酒杯空了的时候，我就让它空着；但当它半满的时候，我却恨它半满。一个人的实质，不在于他向你显露的那一面，而在于他所不能向你显露的那一面。因此，如果你想了解他，不要去听他说出的话，而要去听他的没有说出的话。我说的话有一半是没有意义的；我把它说出来，为的是也许会让你听到其他的一半。幽默感就是分寸感。当人们夸奖我多言的过失，责备我沉默的美德的时候，我的寂寞就产生了。当生命找不到一个歌唱家来唱出她的心情的时候，她就产生一个哲学家来说出她的心思。22When my cup is empty I resign myself to its emptiness; but when it ishalf full I resent its half-fulness.The reality of the other person is not in what he reveals to you, but inwhat he cannot reveal to you.Therefore, if you would understand him, listen not to what he says butrather to what he does not say.Half of what I say is meaningless