人教版必修四unit2单词句型详解复习版.docx

1、人教版必修四unit2单词句型详解复习版Unit 2 working the land 修改I.重点短语再现 摆脱；除去幸亏；由于；因为怀着的希望 生于贫穷的农民家庭 为而奋斗 寻找方法 与作比较 对感到满意 富含 集中(注意力、精力等)于 rid.ofthanks towith the hope ofborn into a poor farmers familystruggle forsearch for a waycompare.withbe satisfied withbe rich infocus onII.重点单词 1). He has been struggling for suc

2、cess in business. =He has been struggling to succeed in his business. 为了事业的成功，他一直努力奋斗着。2).A strong man will struggle with the storm of fate. 强者乐于搏击命运的暴风雨。3).She is struggling to bring up a family on a very low income. 她靠着非常微薄的收入艰难地供养一家人。 归纳总结struggle for为而奋斗struggle on/along拼命活下去，竭力支撑下去struggle to o

3、nes feet挣扎着站起来struggle against/with向作斗争；同搏斗the struggle for existence生存竞争without a struggle未经努力联想：fight against为反对而斗争fight with与作战；与并肩战斗fight for为争取而斗争compete against/with与竞争，决斗compete for为争取而竞争 即学即用The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle _. be heard have heard heard解析 本

4、题考查非谓语动词。struggle to do sth. 努力做某事。又因I与hear之间存在被动关系，故应用不定式的被动语态。 观察思考A childs vocabulary expands through reading. 孩子的词汇量通过阅读得到扩大。Why not try to expand your story into a novel 为什么不把你的故事扩展成小说呢 归纳总结expand on/upon sth.详细阐明；充分叙述expand in.在方面膨胀expand into.扩展成为，膨胀成expansion n.扩展；扩大；膨胀expansive adj.广阔的；广泛的；

5、开朗的易混辨异expand,extend,spread,stretch(1)expand展开，扩大，不仅指尺寸的增加,还可指范围和体积的扩大。(2)extend伸出，延伸，指空间范围的扩大，以及长度、宽度的向外延伸，也可指时间的延长。(3)spread伸开；传播，一般指向四面八方扩大传播 的范围，如传播(疾病)、散布(信息)等。(4)stretch伸展，拉长,一般指由曲变直、由短变长的伸展，不是加长。即学即用(1)随着儿童的成长，他们的兴趣会变广，人也会变得更自信。As children grow older they expend their interests and become mor

6、e confident.(2)他详细地说明了自己的新理论。 He expended on his new theory. to 观察思考Everyone knows about it now,thanks to you! 多亏了你，现在大家都知道了。Thanks to your advice,much trouble was saved. 由于您的建议省了许多麻烦。 易混辨异thanks to,due to,owing to,because of(1)thanks to介词短语，只能作状语,多用于褒义。 (2)due to意为“因为，由于”,可以作表语或状语,不可位于首。be due to d

7、o sth.表示“被安排去做某事”。The accident was due to careless driving.交通事故是由粗心大意的驾驶造成的。 will be due to lecture twice tomorrow.希尔先生明天被安排演讲两次。(3)owing to意为“由于”多用作状语，作状语时常用逗号隔开。Owing to his carelessness,Tom failed in the exam.汤姆考试不及格是由他的粗心大意引起的。(4)because of语气最强，多用于表示直接原因。一般放在主句之后，有时也可放在主句之前。Because of his tiredn

8、ess,he does not want to go with us.即学即用(1)_ his help,we solved the problem. to to(2)Its acknowledged that the traffic accident was largely _ the drivers carelessness. of to to a result of答案 :(1).C (2).B4.rid.of摆脱；除去rid oneself of debt还清债务be rid of摆脱get rid of摆脱；除掉；去掉1).Could you rid yourself of the

9、bad habit of smoking？2).Will science- finally rid us of this disease？3).By working hard day and night, she is trying to rid herself of loneliness and sadness. 类似用法动词：Remind/inform/ warn/ cure/accuse/rub sb of sth satisfied with 对满意satisfy ones needs满足某人的需要 with satisfaction 满意地 to ones satisfaction

10、使某人满意的是be far from satisfactory 远远不能让人满意 rather宁愿，宁可联想拓展would rather.than.是常用句式，意为“宁可（愿）（而）不要（愿）”=would rather than would rather从句时，从句要用虚拟语气would rather have done本想做（而实际上未做）单项填空Shall we go skating or stay at home？Which _ do yourself（201001江西南昌检测） you rather you rather you rather you ratherId rather

11、_ the basketball match last,I would have finished my paper work by now.（201001江苏徐州检测） have watched watch t watch t watch答案：（1）.B （2）.A观察思考Its time to equip yourself for the journey abroad.你该准备出国旅行的行装了。She equipped her son with a good education.她使儿子受到了良好的教育。Youd better equip your bicycle with a headl

12、ight.你最好在自行车上装个前灯。归纳总结equip.with.用装备equip.for sth./to do sth.为了而装备equipment n.装备；设备(不可数名词)office equipment办公设备a piece of equipment一件设备()an equipment()注意: (1)equipment还有“知识;技艺;才能;素养; 特征；资质”之意。(2)equipments(偶尔用复数形式)表达“不同种类的设备”,但不可在其前加two,some,several等即学即用(1)有良好的教育能受用终生。A good education should_.equip y

13、ou for life(2)我们学校有了一些赠送的新设备。Our school has been given _. some new equipment观察思考She deeply regretted what she said and what she did. 她非常后悔说了那些话和做了那些事。We have always regretted selling the farm. 我们一直后悔卖了那个农场。He expressed regret for what he had done. 他对自己的所作所为感到后悔归纳总结regret sth.对某事感到遗憾regret to do sth.

14、遗憾/抱歉要去做(do一般是say,tell,inform,announce等这样的词)regret doing sth.后悔曾经做过某事regret not to have done sth.后悔没做过某事regret that.遗憾/后悔have no regrets about doing sth.没有遗憾做过某事It is a matter for/of regret that.令人遗憾的是It is to be regretted that使人遗憾的是to ones regret(对某人而言)可惜的是 即学即用(1)我遗憾地告诉他他被解雇了。但使我惊奇的是， 他对我说：“我没有任何遗

15、憾。我惟一后悔的是选错了工作。” I _him that he had been to my surprise,he said to me，“I have no only _the wrong job.”(2)Robert is indeed a wise man.Oh, often I have regretted _ his advice! take to take taking 解析 regret doing sth.表示“为做了某事后 悔”，本题同时又表示否定，故选D。 to通向；导致；造成（后果）观察思考The discussion led to a big fight. 那场讨论结

16、果引起一阵大吵。Eating too much sugar leads to rotten teeth. 吃太多的糖会导致蛀牙。What led you to believe I was ill 什么使你相信我病了Which door leads to the yard 哪扇门通向庭院 归纳总结lead to意为：_。归纳拓展：take the lead带头；居首位have a lead over领先于in the lead领先lead a.life过着样的生活as heavy as lead铅一般地沉重，非常重lead .领着某人进入lead do sth.使某人做某事lead off开始

17、即学即用(1).We firmly believe that war never settles only _ violence. into from to with 解析 本题考查动词短语的意思。句意为：我们坚决认为战争不会解决任何事情,只会导致暴力。run into撞上;come from来自;lead to导致;begin with以开始，因此选C。(2).The students in the university are all taking courses _ a degree.（201001山东烟台检测） to to to to联想拓展result in导致result from

18、由导致 V (使）集中 聚焦N 中心 焦点Be in focus 焦距对准 清晰Be out of focus焦距对准 模糊Focus （sth） on sth 集中（注意力、精力等）于；对(某事或做某事)予以注意；使聚焦于；focus ones attention on sth.=center/concentrate/fix ones attention on sth.集中注意力于Pay attention to 在我看来，学校应该把精力集中在教学上。In my opinion,schools should_.他把相机对准了远处的高楼。He _ his camera the huge bui

19、lding in the distance.11.Reduce vt.减少；缩小；降低；使陷入某种更糟的状态12.常用结构：13.reduce .减少到14.Reduce .减少了15.Be reduced to沦落为16.即学即练(1)He persuaded them to_the price_$1000.他设法使他们的价格降到1000美元。(2)Production costs have_one third.生产成本下降了1/3。(3)The fire_the forest_a few trees.大火把森林烧得仅剩下几棵树了。 vi.&vt.表达意见；作出评论n.C&U评论；议论常用结

20、构：ask for comment征求意见make comments on sth.评论某事Make no comment on sth./sb.对某事/某人进行评论/不进行评论No comment.无可奉告。Without comment.不必多说。comment on/upon sth.评论，对发表意见comment that cl-评论即学即练(1)Have you any_the proposals你对这些建议有什么意见吗(2)It created_in the press.这引起报界广泛的评论。(3)He made some useful_my work.他对我的作品作了一些实用的评

21、论。(4)He_that it was an excellent film.他评论这部电影很精彩。II.重点句型 句1：Have you ever grown any plants If so,what did you do to grow them If not,what kind of plant would you like to try growing How would you grow it any即使有（任何），即使有Correct errors, if any (=if there are any errors).如有错误就请订正。There are few people no

22、wadays,if any, who remember him.当今记得他的人，如有的话，也不多了。 anything如果有什么的话If anything, she works too hard.要说的话呢，就是她工作太辛苦了。Im not anything, I feel a little surprised.我没有生气。如果说我有什么反应的话，那就是我感到有些惊讶。 anybody (anyone)若有（任何）人的话If anyone, he knows.如果有人知道，那就是他了。 ever（即使有也）极少，难得He seldom if ever travels abroad.他到国外旅行

23、，即使有过，也是极少的。He seldom,if ever, goes to the movies by himself.他不会，即使有也很少，单独去看电影的。 necessary如果有必要的话I could come earlier, if necessary.如果有必要我可以早点来。If necessary, Jim might shorten it.如果有必要，吉姆可以把它缩短。 not假如不是这样的话；不然的话；否则I might see you not, then itll be Saturday.我可能明天去看你。如果不是明天，那就在周六。Ask her if it is a co

24、nvenient time. If not, can she suggest another possible time问问她那个时间方便不方便。要是不方便的话，那她可不可以提出一个可行的时间有时not还可修饰另一个词语。如：This is one of the oldest buildings in town,if notthe oldest.这是城里最古老的建筑之一，如果不是最古老的话。His pronunciation, if not good, is at least tolerable.他的发音如果说不算好，至少也还过得去。 possible如果可能的话If possible, le

25、t me know beforehand.如果可能，可在事前通知我。If possible, I wish to go there next summer.如果可能，我希望明年夏天去。 so假如这样的话They think she may try to so, someone must stay here.他们认为她可能来电话。要是这样的话，就得有人守在这儿。句2：In 1973,he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.1974年，他成为世界上第一位种植高

26、产水稻的农业先锋。不定式放在表示次序的词the first,the last,the best以及the only,the very,the right等词后面,且这些词与动词不定式有逻辑上的主谓关系，结构为：the first/last./best./only/very/right.+n.+to do sth.表示“第一个/最后一个/最好的一个/唯一的/恰好的/合适的做某事的人/物”。He is always the first to come and the last to leave.他总是第一个来并且最后一个离开。The last man to leave the sinking sh

27、ip was the captain.最后一个离开正在下沉的船的那个人是船长。He is the last person _ to Marys birthday party. invite be invited invited句 his hybrid rice,farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.用他的杂交水稻种子，农民们种出的粮食比以前多了一倍。倍数表达法：1. 用形容词表示甲是乙的几倍时，用下面三个句型，用副词表示则一般只用前两个句型。（1）倍数+形容词（或副词）的比较级+thanThis rope is twic

28、e longer than that one这根绳的长度是那根绳的三倍。（比那根绳长二倍）This hall is five times bigger than our classroom这个大厅比我们的教室大五倍。（是我们教室的六倍）The car runs twice faster than that truck这辆小车的速度比那辆卡车快两倍。（是那辆卡车的三倍）（2）倍数+as+形容词（或 much）或副词+asAsia is four times as large as Europe亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍。This big stone is three times as heavy a

29、s that one这块大石头的重量是那一块的三倍。（这块石头比那块重二倍）The plane flew ten times as high as the kite那架飞机飞行高度是那个风筝的十倍。（高出九倍）（3）倍数+the size（length，height）ofThis street is four times the length of that street这条街是那条街的四倍长。This hill is four times the height of that small one这座山的高度是那座小山的四倍。（比那座小山高三倍）也可用：The height of this hill is four times that of that small one2. 要用名词表示“量”的倍数时，则用以下两个句型：（1）倍数+more+名词（可数，不可数）+thanThere are four times more books in our library than in yours我们图书馆藏书（数量）是你们图书馆藏书的四倍。（我们图书馆藏书比你们的多三倍。）We have produced twice more grain this year than we did last ye