度英语高考全国卷中长难句及其解析.docx

1、度英语高考全国卷中长难句及其解析2010-2018年全国卷长难句1、(2018全国卷1阅读B) And the Good Morning Britain presenter says shes been able to put a lot of what shes learnt into practice in her own home, preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.译文： 这位“早安，英国”的电视节目主持人说，她能够在自己的家里把许多学到的东西付诸实践，为14岁的儿子山姆，13岁的芬恩，和11岁的杰克准备

2、膳食。分析：这是一个多重复合句，主句And the Good Morning Britain presenter says后面跟的是省略了that的宾语从句。宾语从句本身也是复合句，其中what shes learnt 也是宾语从句，preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14, Finn, 13, and Jack, 11是-ing形式做伴随状语。2、(2018全国卷1阅读C)The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, wh

3、ile hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers. 译文：一般的规律是，温和地带的通常为许多人所使用的语言相对较少，而炎热潮湿地带的语言较多，通常为少数人所使用。分析：这是一个复合句，句中that引导一个表语从句；从句中often spoken by many people和often spoken by small numbers为-ed形式做定语，分别修饰few languages和lots。同时while在句中做并列连词，意为“然而”，表示对比。3、(2018全国卷1七选五)A grasp of how to mana

4、ge color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms youll love to live in. 译文：懂得这样处理自己居所的颜色选择是营造你喜爱房间的关键步骤之一。分析：这是一个主从复合句。youll love to live in修饰先行词rooms, 省略了关系代词that/which。steps后的to 是介词，所以跟-ing形式creating。4 、(2018全国卷1完形填空)In order to pass the class, among other criteria, we had to wr

5、ite a paper on how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to our future professions and ,eventually, to our lives.译文：按照其他标准，要让这门课过关，我们必须写一篇论文，论述我们如何计划将所学的知识运用到将来的职业中，最终，运用到我们的生活中。分析：这是一个主从复合句。how we plan to apply what we would learn in class to .用作介词on的宾语从句，其中what we would learn in class to.又

6、用作apply的宾语从句。In order to pass the class为动词不定式短语作目的状语，among other criteria为介词短语，作方式状语。5、(2018全国卷1语法填空)While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening lifethan walking, cycling or swimming.译文：虽然定期跑步并不能让你长生不老，但该评论称，它比散步、骑车或游泳更能延长寿命。分析：这是一个主从复合句。Wh

7、ile引导的是一个让步状语从句，这里相当于Although。the review says后面跟的是宾语从句，省略了连词that。6、(2018全国卷2阅读A) Thursday sees us make the short journey to Paris where we will visit Disneyland Paris park，staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks.译文：周四，我们短途旅行去巴黎，游览巴黎迪斯尼乐园，晚些时候，我们观看游行和烟花。分析：这是一个主从复合句。where we will visit

8、 Disneyland Paris park是一个定语从句修饰先行词Paris；staying until late to see the parade and the fireworks是-ing形式做伴随状语。另外，本句的主句部分Thursday sees .运用了拟人的修辞格。7、(2018全国卷2阅读B) When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick, cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice c

9、ream”. 译文：当冰冻香蕉和其他莓类或水果片混合时，就会成为制作浓郁冰凉果昔和低脂肪“冰淇淋”的不错的主要底料。分析：这个句子的主干是 frozen bananas make an excellent base。When combined with berries or slices of other fruits是一个-ed形式用作时间状语。8 、(2018全国卷2阅读C) According to the reports key findings, “the proportion(比例) who say theynever or hardly everread for fun has

10、gone from 8 percent of 13-year-olds and 9 percent of 17-year-olds in 1984 to 22 percent and 27 percent respectively today.”译文：根据这个报告的重要发现，“那些说他们从来或者几乎不以读书为乐趣的人的比例分别从1984年的13岁中的8%，17岁中的9%上升到了现在的22%和27%。”分析：这是一个主从复合句。句子主语是the proportion，谓语是has gone。who say theynever or hardly everread for fun 是一个定语从句修

11、饰先行词the proportion，say 后面跟了一个省略了that的宾语从句。9、(2018全国卷2阅读C) The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear evidence of parents serving as examples and important guides for their kids when it comes to reading. 译文：报告中所分享的最令人鼓舞的数据是：在阅读方面，父母是孩子的榜样和重要的楷模。分析：这是一个主从复合句。句子的主干是The most hopeful data sho

12、ws clear evidence。shared in the report是-ed形式用作定语修饰data。when it comes to reading是一个时间状语从句。10、(2018全国卷2阅读D)Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we cant forget that deep relationships wouldnt even exist if it werent for casual conversation.译文：认为闲谈不重要而不予考虑很容易，但是我们不要忘记，如果没有随意的的聊天，就不会有深入的人际关系

13、。分析：这是一个由but 连接的两个并列句，第一个并列句中Dismissing small talk as unimportant 是主语；第二个并列句中forget后跟了一个that引导的宾语从句，其中还含有一个if 引导的条件状语从句，这里是虚拟语气。11 、(2018全国卷2七选五)Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day.译文：锻炼会让你更加神清气爽，更好地应对一天当中发生的任何事情。分析： handle后跟了一个whatever引导的宾语从句，并且在

14、句中作主语。12、(2017年全国1卷阅读理解A篇)Its an amazing accomplishment and one we cannot achieve without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations.译文：这是一个惊人的成就，一个没有来自个人、公司和其他社会组织的慷慨的支持我们就不可能取得的成就。分析：本句为复合句。其中，one指代前面的accomplishment，后面为定语从句，修饰先行词one，且从句使用了cannot和without表示双重否定。1

15、3、(2017年全国1卷阅读理解D篇)Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up and out the side of the hole.译文：接着把管子放在恰当的位置，使得管子的一端一直放在杯子里并且管子的其余部分向上延伸到坑的外部。分析：本句为复合句。主句lay the tube in place为祈使句；so that引导目的状语从句，从句是and连接的并列句。 14、(2017年全国1卷阅读七选五)If anyone h

16、ad told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping, I would have laughed heartily.译文：如果三年前有人告诉我会用大部分的周末时间来野营，我会狂笑不已。分析：本句为主从复合句。if引导的是条件状语从句，因表示对与过去事实相反的假设，所以本句中条件句使用过去完成时。此外从句中包含了一个that引导宾语从句。15、(2017年全国1卷完形填空)Little did I know that I would discover my love for ASL.译文：我

17、不知道我竟然会爱上美式手语。分析：此句为倒装句，little为否定词，当否定词位于句首时，句子要使用部分倒装。16、(2017年全国1卷完形填空)What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the past.译文：我所看到的和我之前经历的完全不同。分析：此句中what 引导的是主语从句，作句子的主语。此外，I had experienced in the past为定语从句，修饰先行词anything。17、(2017年全国1卷完形填空)Instead, if there had been any talking

18、, it would have caused us to learn less. 译文：相反，如果有任何交谈，那会导致我们学到较少的东西。 分析：本句为复合句。if引导的是虚拟条件句，表示对过去的虚拟，所以本句中条件状语从句使用过去完成时there had been；主句使用“would have done”结构。18、(2017年全国卷阅读理解A篇)By translating the rich and humourous text of Loves Labours Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre cre

19、ates a new interpretation of Shakespeares comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.译文：通过把爱的徒劳那丰富、幽默的文本翻译成手语，Deafinitely 剧院创造了一种对莎士比亚喜剧新的解释，通过向失聪人群和听力健全人群演出，旨在在失聪和有声世界之间搭建一座桥梁。分析：在本句中，By translating . BSL为方式状语，and连接creates和aims两个动词

20、作并列谓语。19、(2017年全国卷阅读理解B篇)The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV.（同位语从句、让步状语从句）译文：拍电影和四年后出演The Sting的经历所建立起来的友谊源于一个事实：尽管我

21、们存在年龄差距，但我们都源自戏剧和直播电视的传统。分析：本句的主干是 The friendship had its root in the fact.。其中，grew out of. later为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词friendship；后面的although there was . live TV为that引导的同位语从句，解释说明fact的内容。此外，同位语从句中还包含了一个although引导的让步状语从句。 20、(2017年全国卷阅读理解B篇)We shared the belief that if youre fortunate enough to have succ

22、ess, you should put something back 一 he with his Newmans Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival.（同位语从句、条件状语从句、定语从句）译文：我们有着这样的信念如果足够幸运获得成功，就应该有所回馈。他成立了 Newmans Own食品公司和为病重孩子成立了Hole in the Wall camps夏令营，而我成立了圣丹斯协会

23、和电影节。分析：本句中，that引导同位语从句，解释说明belief的内容；同位语从句中包含了一个if引导的条件状语从句；破折号后出现了一个who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词kid。21、(2017年全国卷阅读理解C篇)Terrafugia says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet .译文：Terrafugi

24、a 说机主需要通过测试并且完成20个小时的飞行时间才能驾驶 Transition，这一要求对于飞行员来说相对容易满足。分析：本句中a requirement 为同位语，是对前面内容作补充说明，pilots would find relatively easy to meet是定语从句，省略了充当宾语的关系代词that/which，修饰先行词requirement.22、(2017年全国卷阅读理解D篇) Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getti

25、ng bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. (宾语从句、非谓语动词、定语从句)译文：早在1983年，杰克舒尔茨和伊恩鲍德温两个科学家报道说被昆虫咬的年轻枫树释放会一种邻近的植物能够获得的特殊气味。分析：本句中that引导宾语从句，作reported的宾语，从句中包含一个that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词smell。getting bitten by insects为现在分词作后置定语，修饰maple trees。23、(2017年全国卷阅读七选五)If someone kno

26、cks and its not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know youre busy so they can get the hint (暗示）that when the door is closed, youre not to be disturbed.译文：如果有人敲门，并且不是什么重要的事情，那就礼貌地谢绝，让别人知道你很忙，这样他们就会得到暗示，当门关着的时候，你不想被打扰。分析：本句为if引导条件状语从句。在主句中，youre busy是know的宾语从句；so引导结果状语从句，在结果状语从句中

27、包含一个that引导同位语从句，解释说明hint的内容。同时同位语从句又包含了一个when引导时间状语从句，因此句子的主句为youre not to be disturbed.。24、(2017年全国卷阅读理解B篇)Bradford sold the building and land to a local development firm, which plans to build a shopping complex on the land where the theater is located.（定语从句）译文：布拉德福德把建筑物和土地卖给了一家当地的开发商，这家开发商打算在电影院所在

28、的土地上建一个购物中心。分析：本句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a local development firm；此外，定语从句中又包含一个where引导的定语从句。25、(2017年全国卷阅读理解D篇)The Intelligent Transport team at Newcastle University have turned an electric car into a mobile laboratory named “DriveLAB” in order to understand the challenges faced by older drivers and t

29、o discover where the key stress points are. 译文：纽卡斯尔大学的智能运输团队已经把电动汽车转变成名叫“DriveLAB”的移动实验室，目的是了解老年人司机面临的挑战和发现关键的问题所在。分析：非谓语动词、宾语从句26、(2017年全国卷阅读理解D篇)For many older people, particularly those living alone or in the country, driving is important for preserving their independence, giving them the freedom

30、 to get out and about without having to rely on others.译文：对于很多老年人来说，特别是那些独自居住在乡间的老年人，驾驶对于保持他们（老年人）的独立性是非常重要的，这也给了他们出行而不用依赖他人的自由。27、(2017年全国卷阅读理解D篇)Research shows that giving up driving is one of the key reasons for a fall in health and well-being among older people, leading to them becoming more iso

31、lated (隔绝) and inactive.译文：研究表明，放弃驾驶是导致老年人健康状况下降的主要原因之一，导致他们变得更加隔绝和懒散。分析：that引导宾语从句，宾语从句中giving up driving为动名词短语作主语，leading to.作现在分词作状语。28、(2017年全国卷完形填空)Axani wrote in his post that he is not looking for anything in return and that the woman who uses the extra ticket can choose to either travel with

32、 him or take the ticket and travel on her own.译文：Axani 在他的帖中说：他并不是寻求任何回报，使用这张多余机票的女士可以选择与他一起旅行，或者拿走机票自己旅行。分析：本句中，thatand that是并列的两个宾语从句，作wrote的宾语， who uses the extra ticket为定语从句，修饰先行词the woman。29、(2016全国新课标甲卷阅读理解B篇) His presence meant that I had an unexpected teaching assistant in class whose creativity would infect(感染) other students.译文：他的出现意味着课堂上我有一个意料之外的教学助手，他的创造力会感染其他学生。分析：本句为复合句；that引导的是宾语从句，