硕士研究生入学考试英语二试题及参考答案.docx

1、硕士研究生入学考试英语二试题及参考答案2017年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语（二）Section Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and markA, B, Cor D on ANSWER SHEET1. (10points）People have speculated for centuries about a future without work. Today is no different, with academics,

2、 writers, and activists once again _1_ that technology is replacing human workers. Some imagine that the coming work-free world will be defined by _2_. A few wealthy people will own all the capital, and the masses will struggle in an impoverished wasteland.A different and not mutually exclusive _3_

3、holds that the future will be a wasteland of a different sort, one_4_ by purposelessness: Without jobs to give their lives _5_, people will simply become lazy and depressed. _6_, todays unemployed dont seem to be having a great time. One Gallup poll found that 20 percent of Americans who have been u

4、nemployed for at least a year report having depression, double the rate for _7_ Americans. Also, some research suggests that the _8_ for rising rates of mortality, mental-health problems, and addiction _9_ poorly-educated, middle-aged people is shortage of well-paid jobs. Perhaps this is why many _1

5、0_ the agonizing dullness of a jobless future.But it doesnt _11_ follow from findings like these that a world without work would be filled with unease. Such visions are based on the _12_of being unemployed in a society built on the concept of employment. In the _13_ of work, a society designed with

6、other ends in mind could _14_ strikingly different circumstances for the future of labor and leisure. Today, the _15_ of work may be a bit overblown. “Many jobs are boring, degrading, unhealthy, and a waste of human potential,” says John Danaher, a lecturer at the National University of Ireland in G

7、alway.These days, because leisure time is relatively _16_ for most workers, people use their free time to counterbalance the intellectual and emotional _17_ of their jobs. “When I come home from a hard days work, I often feel _18_,” Danaher says, adding, “In a world in which I dont have to work, I m

8、ight feel rather different”perhaps different enough to throw himself _19_ a hobby or a passion project with the intensity usually reserved for _20_ matters.1.A boastingB denyingC warningD ensuring2.A inequalityB instabilityC unreliabilityD uncertainty3.A policyB guidelineC resolutionD prediction4.A

9、characterizedB dividedC balancedD measured5.A wisdomB meaningC glory D freedom6.A InsteadB IndeedC ThusD Nevertheless7.A richB urbanC workingD educated8.A explanationB requirementC compensationD substitute9.A underB beyondC alongsideD among10.A leave behindB make upC worry aboutD set aside11.A stati

10、sticallyB occasionallyC necessarilyD economically12.A chancesB downsidesC benefitsD principles13.A absenceB heightC faceD course14.A disturbB restoreC excludeD yield15.A modelB practiceC virtueD hardship16.A trickyB lengthyC mysteriousD scarce17.A demandsB standardsC qualitiesD threats18.A ignoredB

11、tiredC confusedD starved19.A offB againstC behindD into20.A technologicalB professionalC educationalD interpersonalSectionReading ComprehensionPart A Directions: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions after each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET1. (40point

12、s)Text 1Every Saturday morning, at 9 am, more than 50,000 runners set off to run 5km around their local park. The Parkrun phenomenon began with a dozen friends and has inspired 400 events in the UK and more abroad. Events are free, staffed by thousands of volunteers. Runners range from four years ol

13、d to grandparents; their times range from Andrew Baddeleys world record 13 minutes 48 seconds up to an hour.Parkrun is succeeding where Londons Olympic “legacy” is failing. Ten years ago on Monday, it was announced that the Games of the 30th Olympiad would be in London. Planning documents pledged th

14、at the great legacy of the Games would be to level a nation of sport lovers away from their couches. The population would be fitter, healthier and produce more winners. It has not happened. The number of adults doing weekly sport did rise, by nearly 2 million in the runup to 2012but the general popu

15、lation was growing faster. Worse, the numbers are now falling at an accelerating rate. The opposition claims primary school pupils doing at least two hours of sport a week have nearly halved. Obesity has risen among adults and children. Official retrospections continue as to why London 2012 failed t

16、o “inspire a generation.” The success of Parkrun offers answers.Parkrun is not a race but a time trial: Your only competitor is the clock. The ethos welcomes anybody. There is as much joy over a puffed-out first-timer being clapped over the line as there is about top talent shining. The Olympic bidd

17、ers, by contrast, wanted to get more people doing sports and to produce more elite athletes. The dual aim was mixed up: The stress on success over taking part was intimidating for newcomers.Indeed, there is something a little absurd In the state getting involved in the planning of such a fundamental

18、ly “grassroots”, concept as community sports associations. If there is a role for government, it should really be getting involved in providing common goodsmaking sure there is space for playing fields and the money to pave tennis and netball courts, and encouraging the provision of all these activi

19、ties in schools. But successive governments have presided over selling green spaces, squeezing money from local authorities and declining attention on sport in education. Instead of wordy, worthy strategies, future governments need to do more to provide the conditions for sport to thrive. Or at leas

20、t not make them worse.21. According to Paragraph1, Parkrun hasA gained great popularity.B created many jobs.C strengthened community ties.D become an official festival.22. The author believes that Londons Olympic “legacy” has failed toA boost population growth.B promote sport participation.C improve

21、 the citys image.D increase sport hours in schools.23. Parkrun is different from Olympic games in that itA aims at discovering talents.B focuses on mass competition.C does not emphasize elitism.D does not attract first-timers.24. With regard to mass sport, the author holds that governments shouldA o

22、rganize “grassroots” sports events.B supervise local sports associations.C increase funds for sports clubs.D invest in public sports facilities.25. The authors attitude to what UK governments have done for sports isA tolerant.B critical.C uncertain.D sympathetic.Text 2With so much focus on childrens

23、 use of screens, its easy for parents to forget about their own screen use. “Teck is designed to really suck on you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over int

24、o the family routine. Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving motherchild pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who used devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children

25、. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention. Infants are wired to look at parents faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces

26、 are blank and unresponsiveas they often are when absorbed in a deviceit can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way befor

27、e putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; the child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mothers attention. “Parents dont have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and se

28、nsitive to a childs verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” says Radesky.On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with their children: “Its

29、 based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if youre failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.” Tronick believes that just because a child isnt learning from the screen doesnt mean theres no value to itparticularly if it gives p

30、arents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.

31、26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to _.A simplify routine mattersB absorb user attentionC better interpersonal relationsD increase work efficiency27. Radeskys food-testing exercise shows that mothers use of devices _.A takes away babies appetiteB distracts childrens attentionC slows down babies verbal developmentD reduces moth