英语四级重要知识点.docx

1、英语四级重要知识点CET-4中介词to的不同搭配介词是一种表示名词和句中其他词之间关系的词，在英语中能和动词、名词、形容词等词搭配，表示种种不同的意思，使用时灵活多变，不易掌握，介词to也不例外。四级考试中，介词to的用法是测试重点之一，应引起特别注意。本文以历年四级真题为依据，总结了介词to的几种常见搭配，并附上历年四级考试中相关的考题，供考生练习。一、与某些动词一起构成特定搭配英语中由“动词+介词to”构成的动词短语数量很大，而在四级考试中，经常被测试到的此类动词短语也很多，可分为两类：1.“实义动词+介词to”结构adaptto.(适应于)devote.to.(专心于，致力于)add.t

2、o.(增加，添加)entitle.to.(给权利、资格等)adhereto.(追随，依附，坚持)sticktoclingtoexpose.to.(暴露在之下)adjustto.(调整，调节)leadto.(导致，招致)amountto.(达到;意味着)objectto.(反对)appealto.(恳求;呼吁)owe.to.(欠；对负有)applyto.(应用，运用；向申请)reactto.(对做出反应)attach.to.(系上，附加于，使附属)referto.(论及，参照;委托)attendto.(倾听；照顾，料理)resortto.(诉诸于)attributeto.(把归因于，认为是的结果

3、)respondto.(做出反应)belongto.(属于)seeto.(负责，留意，照料)compare.to.(与比较；将比作为)stickto.(坚持)confessto.(坦白，坦承)subject.to.(使遭受，使蒙受)conformto.(顺从，与一致)turnto.(翻到；向求助)contributeto.(有助于，促使)yieldto.(屈服于).历年四级考题中与上述短语相关的考题很多，下面仅列出一些典型的例子(选项中以黑体字为正确答案)：(1)Thisisthenursewho_tomewhenIwasinhospital.(CET-4,52)(2)Iwouldneverh

4、ave_acourtoflawifIhadntbeensodesperate.(CET-4,66)(3)He_tohiscustomersandhalvedtheprice.(CET-4,65)(4)Eatingtoomuchfatcan_heartdiseaseandcausehighbloodpressure.(CET-4,55)(5)Ididn.(CET-4,35)(6)Themaninthecornerconfessedto_alietothemanagerofthecompany.(CET-4,58)(7)BecauseEdgarwasconvincedoftheaccuracyof

5、thisfact,he_hisopinion.(CET-4,60)(8)Thereishardlyanenvironmentonearth_somespeciesofanimalorotherhasnotadaptedsuccessfully.(CET-4,53)(9)Themanagerassuredthecustomerthathiscomplaintwouldbeseen_immediately.(CET-4,70)(10)Policehave_tothepublictocomeforwardwithanyinformationwhichmighthelpthemintheirinqui

6、ries.(CET-4,44)(11)Isitadvisableto_ourbodytothesunlight(CET-4,62)2.“be+过去分词/形容词+to”结构beaddictedto.(对上瘾)beopposedto.(反对)beattachedto.(附属于)besubjectto.(易遭的；以为条件的)bedueto.(归功于，因为)beused/accustomedto.(习惯于)beobjectedto.(反对).相关的四级考题如下：(12)Thecommitteeistotallyopposed_anychangesbeingmadeintheplans.(CET-4,6

7、1)(13)Althoughpunctualhimself,theprofessorwasquiteused_lateforhislecture.(CET-4,31)beingbeing(14)Thematchwascancelledbecausemostofthemembers_amatchwithoutastandardcourt.(CET-4,48)二、与某些名词一起构成特定搭配此类名词与to一起构成固定结构“名词+介词to”，可分为两类：1.某些固有名词，如admission,access,answer,approach,barrier,key,right,solution等；2.由相

8、关动词派生而来的名词，如exposure,objection,reaction,response等。相关的四级考题如下：(15)TheBritishgovernmentoftensaysthatfurnishingchildrenwith_totheinformationsuperhighwayisatoppriority.(CET-4,55)(16)Ihavenoobjection_yourstoryagain.(CET-4,27)(17)Doeseveryoneonearthhaveanequalright_anequalshareofitsresources(CET-4,55)(18)T

9、hetraditionalapproach_withcomplexproblemsistobreakthemdownintosmaller,moreeasilymanagedproblems.(19)ThedoctortoldPennythattoomuch_tothesunisbadfortheskin.(CET-4,57)(20)Itwasdifficulttoguesswhather_tothenewswouldbe.(CET-4,42)(21)Theyhavebeentryingtoarriveatapracti-calsolution_theproblem.(CET-4,49)三、与

10、某些形容词一起构成特定搭配此类形容词后接介词to，构成特定搭配，可分为三类：1.某些固有形容词，如contrary,cruel,equivalent,indifferent,parallel,relevant,second,sensitive,similar等；2.形容词superior,inferior,senior,junior等,这些词虽然都是原级形容词，却含有比较意味，后面都不能用than表示比较，而必须用to；3.由相关动词派生而来的形容词，如addicted,applicable,comparable,preferable等。相关的四级考题如下：(22)Someplantsarev

11、ery_tolight;theyprefertheshade.(CET-4,70)(23)Colorandsexarenotrelevant_whetherapersonissuitableforthejob.(CET-4,45)(24)Adarksuitis_toalightoneforeveningwear.(CET-4,60)(25)Physicsis_tothesciencewhichwascallednaturalphilosophyinhistory.(CET-4,24)(26)Cancerissecondonly_heartdiseaseasacauseofdeath.(CET-

12、4,30)(27).(CET-4,55)(28)Whatyouhavedoneis_thedoctorsorders.(CET-4,63)四、用于特定的介词短语中含有介词to的介词短语也有很多，具体如下：asto.(关于)thanksto.(多亏，由于)inadditionto(加之，除了之外)toonesabilities(capabilities,potential.)(尽某人所能)incontrastto.(与对照)toonessurprise(amazement,relief.)(令人感到)inresponseto(对做出反应)tosomedegree(extent)(在某种程度上)o

13、wingto.(因为)withreferenceto.(关于，至于)previousto.(在之前)with/inregardto.(关于，至于)priorto.(先于;比重要)withrespectto.(关于，至于).相关的四级考题如下：(29)_theenormousflowoffoodfromtheentireglobe,thesecountrieshaveformanyyearsnotfeltanypopulationpressure.(CET-4,46)(30)TheBritishconstitutionis_alargeextentaproductofthehistoricale

14、ventsdescribedabove.(CET-4,50)(31)Beingapopstarcanbequiteahardlife,withalotoftravelling_heavyschedules.(CET-4,(32)Housewiveswhodonotgoouttoworkoftenfeeltheyarenotworkingtotheirfull_.(CET-4,35)(33)Itisusefultobeabletopredicttheextent_whichapricechangewillaffectsupplyanddemand.(CET-4,29)五、用于特定句型中介词to还

15、可以用于某些特定句型中，但此类句型不多，常见的只有两例：whenitcomesto.(当提到，当论及)see(toit)that.(留意,负责,务必)相关的四级考题如下：(34)Doingyourhomeworkisasurewaytoimproveyourtestscores,andthisisespeciallytrue_itcomestoclassroomtests.(CET-4,36)(35)ll_thathewillnotbelatetomorrow.(CET-4,9介词“to”例解1.Ihavenoobjection_theeveningwiththem.A)tospendB)to

16、spendingC)ofspendingD)spending2.Thetraditionalapproach_withcomplexproblemsistobreakthemdownintosmaller,moreeasilymanagedproblems.A)todealingB)indealingC)dealingD)todeal3)DoeseveryoneontheearthhaveanequalshareofitsresourcesA)byB)atC)tod)over4)Ihavenoobjection)yourstoryagain.A)tohearB)tohearingC)tohav

17、ingeardD)tohaveheard5)Ialways_whatIhavesaid.A)gettoB)holdtoC)leadtoD)setto6)Medicalresearchhasshownthatthewidespreaduseofcigarettecontributes_theincreaseofcancers.A)towardsB)forC)withD)to7)ll_thathewillnotbelatetomorrow.A)besureB)hopeforC)seetoitD)makeitto8)BecauseEdgarwasconvincedoftheaccuracyofthi

18、sfact,he_hisopinion.A)struckatB)stroveforC)stucktoD)stoodfor9)Welovepeace,yetwearenotthekindofpeopletoyield_anymilitaryhreat.A)upB)toC)inD)at10)Generouspublicfundingofbasicsciencewould_considerablebenefitsforthecountryshealth,wealthandsecurity.A)resultfromb)settledownc)lieinD)leadto11)Thecommitteeis

19、totallyopposed_anychanesbeingmadeintheplans.A)ofB)agianstC)onD)to12)IdidnA)LookoutB)makeoutC)refertoD)goover13)Weobjectpublishingawholegroupforonefault.A)againstB)aboutC0toD)for14)Thematchascancelledbecausemostofthemembers_matchwithoutastandardcourt.A)objectedtohavingB)wereobjectedtohaveC)objectedto

20、haveD)wereobjectedtohaving15)Whatyouhavedoneis_thedoctorsorders.A)attachedtoB)responsibletoC)resistenttoD)contraryto16).A)superiortoB)moresuperiorthanC)moresuperiortoD)superiorthan17)Someplantsaresosensitive_pollutionthattheycanonlysurviveinaperfectlycleanenvironment.A)fromB)againstC)toD)with18)Canc

21、erissecondonly_heartdiseaseasacauseofdeath.A)ofB)toC)withD)from19)Althoughpunctualhimself,theprofessorwasquiteused_lateforhislecture.A)tohavestudentsB)forstudentsbeingC)forstudentstobeD)tostudentsbeing20)Agriculturewasastepinhumanprogress_whichsubsequentlytherewasnotanythingcomparableuntilourownmach

22、ineage.A)toB)inC)forD)from21)Wewerstruckbytheextent_whichteachersdecisionsservedtointerestsoftheschoolratherthanthoseofthestudents.A)toB)forC)inD)with22)Itisusefultobeabletopredicttheextent_whichapricechangewillaffectsupplyanddemand.A)fromB)withC)toD)for23)TheBritishconstitutionis_alargeextentaproductofthehistoricaleventsdescribedabove.A)withinB)toC)byD)at