考研英语阅读unit13.docx

1、考研英语阅读unit13Unit 13 Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.脑中有知识，胜过手中有金钱。学习内容题 材词 数建议时间得分统计做题备忘Part AText 1文化教育410/10Text 2商业经济385/10Text 3科普知识494/10Text 4社会生活428/10Part B文化教育519/10Part C科普知识377/10Part ADirections：Read the following texts. Answer the questions blow each text by choosing

2、 A,B,C or D.Text 1What is sports violence? The distinction between unacceptable viciousness and a games normal rough-and-tumble is impossible to make, so the argument runs. This position may appeal to our inclination for legalism, but the truth is most of us know quite well when an act of needless s

3、avagery has been committed, and sports are little different from countless other activities of life. The distinction is as apparent as that between a deliberately aimed blow and the arm failing of the losing his balance. When a player balls his hand into a fist, when he drives his helmet into an uns

4、uspecting opponent in short, when he crosses the boundary between playing hard and playing to hurthe can only intend an act of violence.Admittedly, rough acts in sports are difficult to police. But here, too, we find reflected the conditions of everyday life. Ambiguities in the law, confusion at the

5、 scene, and the reluctance of witnesses cloud almost any routine assault case. Such uncertainties, however, have not prevented society from arresting people who strike their fellow citizens on the street. Perhaps our troubles stem not from the games we play but rather from how we play them. The 1979

6、 meeting between hockey stars from the Soviet Union and the National Hockey League provided a direct test of two approaches to sportthe emphasis on skill, grace, and technique by the Russians and the stress on brutality and violence by the NHL. In a startling upset, the Russians embarrassed their ro

7、ugh-playing opponents and exploded a long-standing myth: that success in certain sports requires excessive violence.Violence apologists cite two additional arguments. First, they say, sports always have been rough; today things are no different. But arguments in Americans Old West were settled on Ma

8、in Street with six guns, and early cave dwellers chose their women with a club. Civilizing influences ended those practices; yet we are told sports violence should be tolerated. The second contention is that athletes accept risk as part of the game, and, in the case of professionals, are paid handso

9、mely to do so. But can anyone seriously argue that being an athlete should require the acceptance of unnecessary physical abuse? And, exaggerated as it may seem, the pay of professional athletes presumably reflects their abilities, not a payment againstcombat injuries.“Clearly we are in deep trouble

10、,”says perplexed former football player AL DeRogatis. “But how and why has it gotten so bad?” 1. According to the author,deliberate violence in sports is A impossible to tell from paying hard.B ambiguous in any circumstances.C too apparent to escape observation.D evident if enough attention is paid

11、to.2. A violence apologist probably thinks thatA violence in sports is a rare occurrence.B violence in sports is not necessary.C athletes are paid enough for their injuries.D professional athletes enjoy violence.3. In the last paragraph the author indicates thatA nothing can be done about violence i

12、n sports.B football players are concerned about violence in sports.C violence in sports is worse now than it ever was. D athletes are confused about what should be allowed in sports.4. According to the author,which of the following is true？A athletes personalities have effects on the inclination for

13、 violent.B athletes who emphasis on skill,grace and technique will win.C athletes should not have to accept unnecessary physical abuseD athletes need higher salaries to compensate for their injuries.5. We can infer from the text thatA violence in sports is illegal.B skill is more important than aggr

14、ession.C athletes should not be injured in sports.D violence in sports is not necessary.Text 2Bruno Lundby, 39, was one of the ranks of typically low-paid, low-status workers who fill supermarket shelves, serve fast food, change hotel beds or empty office waste bins, often at unsocial hours and with

15、 little expectation of anything better. Lacking formal qualifications, he drifted from the army into odd cleaning jobs. Then, unexpectedly, he found the opportunity for advancement in a management training program offered by ISS, the Danish support services group. Today he sits in a spotless, air-co

16、nditioned office supervising all ISS damage control operations in the greater Copenhagen area.“I couldnt have imagined getting to where I am today when I started,”he says.“I was surprised to be offered a future at ISS in 1993 when I became a supervisor.” In the past three years, he has been promoted

17、 three times. ISS, which employs 272,000 people in 36 countries in Europe, Asia and Latin America in cleaning and other contract work, still appears to be an exception in the services sector in offering career progression to workers. The pursuit of customer satisfaction is a strong feature of compan

18、ies that treat blue-collar staff as more than a commodity. Tesco, the supermarket group that is the UKs largest private sector employer with 210,000 employees, recently formalized a practice of nurturing management potential among shelf-stackers and check-out staff.“The ones who respect customers ar

19、e the ones who get on,”says Clare Chapman, human resources director. In the past five months, 245 employees have been promoted from general store assistant to section manager, 149 from section manager to senior store team and 33 from senior team to store manager. These staff are coached, assessed an

20、d then trained for their new responsibilities. The talent-spotting program applies to all staff, including 45,700 in Tescos overseas stores. ISS acknowledges that by offering career progression it has changed the nature of its contract with blue-collar employees, raising expectations on both sides t

21、hat may not always be met.For Mr. Lundby, career progress has induced loyalty to his employer and greater self-esteem.“Personal skills are often more important than high educational qualifications if you have to deal with people every day,” he says. “Im a practical, not an academic person. I know th

22、e business from the bottom. I know the loopholes and the hardships.”6. It can be infered from paragraph 1 that Mr. LundbyA has anticipated his condition would be improved.B works hard but still has no chance to get improved.C has been promoted for he has formal qualifications.D had some of the tough

23、est, dirtiest jobs before.7. Which of the following is true about the service sector?A Blue-collar workers in it have little chance to be promoted.B Companies in it always pursue customer satisfaction.C Companies in it always treat blue-collar staff as a commodity. D Workers in it have more chance t

24、o be promoted than in others8. In Tesco, employees will have chance to be promoted ifA they are loyal to their employer.B they join management training program.C they make their customers satisfied.D they work as hard as theyre expected.9. By offering career progression to blue-collars, companiesA w

25、ill have more managers.B will be more competitive.C will have high expectations.D will have less responsibility.10. Which of the following is the best title of this passage?A The Story of Bruno Lundby.B Management Training Program.C Career Progression Inducing Self-esteem.D From Dead-end Job to Brig

26、ht Career.Text 3The Internet, e-commerce and globalization are making a new economic era possible. By the middle of the 21st century, capitalist markets will largely be replaced by a new kind of economic system based on networked relationships, contractual arrangements and access rights.Has the qual

27、ity of our lives at work, at home and in our communities increased in direct proportion to all the new Internet and business-to-business Intranet services being introduced into our lives? I have asked this question of hundreds of CEOs and corporate executives in Europe and the United States. Surpris

28、ingly, virtually everyone has said, “No, quite the contrary.” The very people responsible for ushering in what some have called a “technological renaissance” say they are working longer hours, feel more stressed, are more impatient, and are even less civil in their dealings with colleagues and frien

29、ds not to mention strangers. And whats more revealing, they place much of the blame on the very same technologies they are so aggressively championing.The techno gurus promised us that access would make life more convenient and give us more time. Instead, the very technological wonders that were sup

30、posed to liberate us have begun to enslave us in a web of connections from which there seems to be no easy escape.If an earlier generation was preoccupied with the quest to enclose a vast geographic frontier, the dotcom generation, it seems, is more caught up in the colonization of time. Every spare

31、 moment of our time is being filled with some form of commercial connection, making time itself the most scarce of all resources. Our e-mail, voice mail and cell phones, our 24-hour electronic trading markets, online banking services, all-night e-commerce, and 24-hour Internet news and entertainment

32、 all holler for our attention.And while we have created every kind of labor-and-time-saving device to service our needs, we are beginning to feel like we have less time available to us than any other humans in history. That is because the great proliferation of labor-and-time-saving services only increases the diversity, pace and flow of commodified