河北省秦皇岛市山海关区高考英语 信息匹配类和阅读理解练习11.docx

1、河北省秦皇岛市山海关区高考英语 信息匹配类和阅读理解练习11河北省秦皇岛市山海关区2016高考英语 信息匹配类和阅读理解练习（11）阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。What makes a person a scientist？Does he have ways or tools of learning that are different from those of others？The answer is “NO”It is not what the tools that a scientist uses but how he uses t

2、hese tools that makes him a scientist.You will probably agree that knowing how to use the power is important to a carpenter (木匠)You will probably agree，too，that knowing how to investigate (调查)，how to discover information，is important to everyone.The scientist，however，goes one step further，he must be

3、 sure that he has a reasonable answer to his questions and that his answer can be confirmed (确认) by other persons.He also works to fit the answers he gets to many questions into a large set of ideas about how the world works.The scientists knowledge must be exact.There is no room for half right or r

4、ight just half the time.He must be as nearly right as the conditions permit.What works under one set of conditions sometimes must work under the same conditions at other times.If the conditions are different，any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration (演示) must be explained by the changes

5、in the conditions.This is one reason that investigations are important in science.Albert Einstein，who developed the theory of relativity，arrived at this theory through mathematics.The accuracy of his mathematics was later tested through investigations.Einsteins ideas were shown to be correct.A scien

6、tist uses many tools for measurements.Then the measurements are used to make mathematical calculations that may test his investigations. 1What makes a scientist according to the passage?AThe tools he uses. BHis ways of learning.CThe ways he uses his tools. DThe different tools.解析：细节理解题。由第一段“It is no

7、t what the tools that a scientist uses but how he uses these tools that makes him a scientist.”可知。答案：C2What can we learn from the passage?AThe scientists knowledge is always right under all conditions.BWhen the condition changes，the result of the observation may also change.CCondition makes no diffe

8、rence to scientists.DTheres no point for ordinary people knowing how to investigate.解析：细节理解题。由第二段“If the conditions are different，any changes the scientist observes in a demonstration (演示) must be explained by the changes in the conditions.”可知。答案：B3“The scientist，however，goes one step further，.”the

9、author says this to show _.Athe importance of informationBthe importance of thinkingCthe difference between scientists and ordinary peopleDthe difference between carpenters and people with other jobs解析：句意理解题。上文提到了如何调查，如何发现信息对每个人来说都很重要，下文用however引起转折，说明科学家们应该更进一步，他必须确保问题有合理的答案。故此处的the scientist，howev

10、er，goes one step further，.用来说明科学家和普通人的不同之处。答案：C4A scientific theory should be one that_.Anot only works under one set of conditions sometimes，but also works under the same conditions at other timesBleaves no room for improvementCdoes not allow any change even under different conditionsDcan be used f

11、or many purposes解析：细节理解题。由“What works under one set of conditions sometimes must work under the same conditions at other times.”可知答案。答案：A5What is the main idea of the passage?AScientists are different from ordinary people.BThe theory of relativity.CExactness is the center of science.DExactness and w

12、ay of using tools are the keys to the making of a scientist.解析：主旨大意题。本文第一句“What makes a person a scientist？”提出了文章的主题，第一段论述“how a scientist uses these tools makes him a scientist”，第二段论述“The scientists knowledge must be exact”，故D正确。其余各项只是文章中的细节。答案：D。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 The Child Ego St

13、ateThe Child ego state is a set of behaviors, thoughts and feelings which are replayed from our own childhood.Perhaps the boss calls us into his or her office, we may immediately get a churning in our stomach and wonder what we have done wrong. If this were explored we might remember the time the he

14、ad teacher called us in to tell us off. Of course, not everything in the Child ego state is negative. We might go into someones house and smell a lovely smell and remember our grandmothers house when we were little, and all the same warm feelings we had at six years of age may come flooding back.The

15、 Child ego states are constantly being updated. For example, we may meet someone who gives us the permission we needed as a child, and did not get, to be fun and joyous. We may well use that person in our imagination when we are stressed to resist our old ways of thinking that we must work longer an

16、d longer hours to keep up with everything. We might ask ourselves “I wonder what X would say now.” Then on hearing the new permissions to relax and take some time out, do just that and then return to the work renewed and ready for the challenge. Afterwards, rather than blaming ourselves for what we

17、did or did not do, what tends to happen is that we automatically start to give ourselves new permissions and take care of ourselves.Alternatively, we might have had an extremely unpleasant experience yesterday which goes into the Child ego state as an antique memory that stands in the way of our gro

18、wth. Positive experiences will also go into the Child ego state as antique memories. The positive experiences can then be drawn on to remind us that positive things do happen. The process of analyzing personality in terms of ego states is called structural analysis. It is important to remember that

19、ego states do not have an existence of their own. They are concepts to enable understanding. Therefore it is important to say “I want some fun” rather than “My Child wants some fun.” We may be in our Child ego state when we say this, but saying “I” reminds us to take responsibility for our actions.

20、1. The writer uses two examples in Paragraph 2 in order to _.A. support the idea in Paragraph 1 B. explain why we become nervous C. prove the Child ego state is negative D. introduce the point of Paragraph 3 2. By asking “I wonder what X would say now”, we intend to _. A. blame ourselves B. accept c

21、hallenges C. keep up with everything D. avoid stress 3. According to the passage, the Child ego state _. A. shows ones wisdom B. influences ones actions C. limits ones thoughts D. exists in ones childhood4. The underlined word “this” in the last paragraph refers to _. A. structural analysis B. “My C

22、hild wants some fun” C. the Child ego state D. “I want some fun”【参考答案1-4】ADBD 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 Maybe you never opened that account, but someone else did someone who used your name and personal information to commit fraud（造假）. When an imposter uses your name, your credit card numbe

23、r, or some other piece of your personal information for their own purpose in short, when someone takes your personal information without your knowledge its a crime, pure and simple. The biggest problem is that you may not know your identity（身份）has been stolen until you notice that somethings wrong:

24、you may get bills for a credit card account you never opened, your credit report may include debts you never knew you had, a billing cycle may pass without your receiving a statement, or you may see charges on your bills that you didnt sign for, and even dont know anything about. If someone has stol

25、en your identity, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) suggests that you take three actions immediately. First, contact the fraud departments of each of the three major credit offices. Tell them to flag your file with a fraud alert（警告）including a statement that creditors should get your permission bef

26、ore opening any new accounts in your name. Then, ask the credit offices for copies of your credit reports. Credit offices must give you a free copy of your report if it is not correct because of fraud. Review your reports carefully to make sure no additional fraudulent accounts have been opened in y

27、our name or unauthorized（侵权的）changes made to your present accounts. In a few months, order new copies of your reports to check your corrections and changes, and to make sure no new fraudulent activity has occurred.1. Whats the subject discussed in the text? A. What you should do if your credit card

28、is stolen. B. What you should do if your identity is stolen. C. What an imposter always does to make money. D. What the Federal Trade Commission is about.答案解析：答案为 B。本题考查文章的主旨大意。本文的前半部分引出身份信息被盗的问题，后面的重点是告诉读者身份信息被盗后该如何做。故答案为B。2. What should you do first when you find your identity is stolen? A. Inform

29、 creditors not to open any new accounts in your name without your permission. B. Ask for copies of your credit reports and make sure no other frauds have been made. C. Keep ordering new copies to check what you have already changed and corrected. D. Always lock your ID card in your cupboard in case

30、it should be stolen. 答案解析：答案为A。本题为推理题。由倒数第二段可知，当发现个人身份信息被盗后，首先要联系防伪部门，让他们关注你的资料，警告债权人在用你的名字开任何新的账户前应该得到你的允许。故答案为A。3. What is the most difficult thing for people to deal with identity frauds? A. No measures can work on the billing cycle. B. There is no strict law for this kind of behaviors. C. It mig

31、ht be a long time before you realize that. D. The FTC does nothing except for three suggestions. 答案解析：答案为C。本题为细节推理题。由文章第二段首句 “The biggest problem is that you may not know your identity has been stolen until you notice that somethings wrong”可知，直到你注意出了问题后才知道身份信息被盗是最大的问题。故答案为C。4. Which is the least pos

32、sible if a fraud has happened to you? A. You may have debts in your credit card. B. You may find charges on your bills unauthorized. C. A new credit card may be opened in your name. D. The fraud departments can find out the imposter right away. 答案解析：答案为D。本题为推理题。由第二段冒号后面的内容可知，身份信息被盗后，你的信用卡会负债，你会收到XX的收费账单，还会出现以你的名字新开的信用卡。文中未提及防伪部门可以马上找到骗子，后文的措施也是在暗示找到骗子并不容易。故答案为D。任务型阅读（A）请认真阅读下面