名词.docx

1、名词教学目标1.掌握名词的分类 2.名词的单复数3.不可数名词 4.名词所有格教学建议1. 要求学生必须熟练掌握名词，熟练运用所学知识做题2. 引导学生透彻理解名词的用法，并能够灵活运用；3. 本堂课主要为复习课，所以应以学生为主题，逐步引领学生回顾所学过的知识点，可以采取师生问答、任务教学等教学方法，激发学生的学习兴趣。.入门一测：把下列单词分类.book put in girl well good milk beef run sing on at friend they this a the动词 名词 介词 形容词 副词 代词 冠词 .名词一名词分类大家好，我是名词家族(Nouns)中的一

2、员，来认识一下我们一家人吧，让我们成为朋友（friends）吧。driver mouseflowerhouse可数名词 police 牛肉beef 水water 不可数名词友谊friendship 小玉Xiaoyu 专有名词 巴黎pairs同学们，观察以上集合，我们能够看出，名词就是表示人，事物，地点或抽象概念的名称。名词又可分为专有名词与普通名词。专有名词表示个别的人、地、物、团体、机构等的专用名称，如：Beijing, Tom, the Peoples Republic of China(中华人民共和国)。而普通名词是指许多人或事物的共有名称。如：pupil, family, man, f

3、oot.普通名词又分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词是可以用简单的数词进行计量的名词,如： box, child, orange；又可分为集体名词与个体名词。不可数名词是不可以用简单的数词进行计量的名词。如：water, news, oil, population, information .好了，我们先了解这么多，你会很快对我家的每一位成员熟悉的。加油！试一下，把上面图中的单词填在适当的空格中，相信你一定能填正确。专有名词 普通名词 国名地名人名，团体机构名称 可数名词 不可数名词 个体名词 集体名词 抽象名词 物质名词 二可数名词找一找： 同学们，快来读一读下面的例句，找一找，你能发现什么

4、吗？1. There are lots of tomatoes in the basket on the table.桌子上的篮子里有很多的西红柿。2.deer has four legs.鹿有四条腿。3. The monkeys are very fat. 这些猴子很肥。4. Her two brothers are both policemen. 她的两个哥哥都是警察。5. The boy often brushes his teeth before he goes to bed.这个男孩经常睡觉前刷牙。看一看:读下面表格，要仔细观察它们的规律及区别哦，加油！可数名词： 单数可数名词要用冠

5、词修饰，规则的复数可数名词要在名词后面加s,名词复数共有以下几种变化：规则变化的名词复数形式规则1一般情况+se.g. computercomputers; bookbooks;规则2以s, x, ch, sh结尾+ese.g. foxfoxes ; churchchurches, busbuses ;watchwatches规则3以f, fe结尾的，变f, fe为vese.g. lifelives ; halfhalves, shelfshelves, citycities, wifewives规则4以辅音字母+y结尾, 变y为i+ese.g. familyfamilies; flyflie

6、s：你要加油哦!可数名词单数变复数形式的规则变化相信你一定记下了吧。下面我们学习一下一些不规则的变化。、以o结尾的词,变复数时有两种情况加“es”: heroheroes, potatopotatoestomatotomatoes negronegroes黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿妙语记忆只加s。如：photophotos, pianopianos, kilokilos radioradios, zoozoos, bamboobamboos、单复数同形：Chinese Chinese deerdeer鹿Japanese Japanese sheep sheep 、变元音字母oo为ee：tooth

7、 teeth foot feet goosegeese鹅 (但：bootboots靴子）、变man为 men： man men woman women Englishman Englishmen policeman policemen Frenchman Frenchmen 请区别：German(德国人) Germans human-humans、其它形式: child children mouse mice 、一些合成名词的复数构成分两种情况(1)将中心词变为复数：A girl friendgirl friends an apple treeapple trees(2) man,woman

8、构成的合成词，每个名词都要变成复数a man doctor men doctors a woman teacher women teachers 、以f或fe结尾的名词复数记忆口诀：把f或fe变成ves:妻子wife持刀knife去砍狼wolf，小偷thief见状心慌张，躲到架shelf下救己self命life，半half片树叶leaf遮目光。直接加s:一只长颈鹿giraffe，家在悬崖cliff住，探头崖顶roof处，美丽珊瑚reef满目。 、常以复数形式出现的名词 clothes trousers glasses 这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数 1. My clothes are

9、newer than yours. .集体名词：一些集体名词总是用作复数 people, police, cattle, staff 部分集体名词既可以作单数（整体）也可以作复数（成员） audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party 如：The police are coming. 警察马上到。The family is very big. There are nine people . 这家庭很大，有九口人。T

10、he family are having breakfast. 这家人正在吃早饭。练一练（一）：到你大显身手的时候啦，做做下列各题，看可数名词掌握的如何。I. 写出下列单数可数名词的复数形式:dog_;man_; knife_;photo_;mouse_;foot_;fish_;child_:life_;fox_.II.单项选择。( )1. Can you see nine _ in the picture?A. sheep B. dogC. pigD. horse( )2A dog has four _.A. foot B. feet C. feetsD. foots( )3. There

11、are four _.A. eggsB. childsC. foots D. watchs( )4Could you take _ for these _? They are very beautiful.A. any photos; tomatos B. some photos; tomatoesC. some photos; tomatos D. any photos; tomatoes( )5. The cat caught two _ last night.A. mouses B. miceC. mouseD. mices( )6. A group of _ are talking w

12、ith two _. A. Frenchmen, Germans B. Germans ,Frenchmans C. Frenchmans , Germen D. Germen , Frenchmen ( )7. All the _ teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th, because it was their own holiday. A. man B. men C. woman D. women( )8. I like a lot, and my mother usually cooks them in different ways. A. f

13、ish B. butter C. potatos D. noodles( )9. Look at the flowers! They are in different _: red, yellow, pink A. colors B. sizes C. prices D. names ( )10. How many _ do you want?-A kilo, please.A. bananas B. meat C. bread D. milk三不可数名词找一找： 同学们，快来读一读下面的例句，找一找，你能发现什么吗？1. Bread is the usual breakfast.2. Thr

14、ee cups of coffee is cool, five bottles of juice is hot.3. Ten bags of rice is clean.看一看:哪些名词属于不可数名词1.物质名词：water, tea, bread, milk, rice（米）2.抽象名词：love, beauty, coldness advice：你要加油哦!1. 不可数名词没有复数，也不能用a，an，但可用the。如：Bread is the usual breakfast.2. 不可数名词表示数量时，可以用计量名词来表达(计量名词超过“一”时要加复数。)其结构是数词+计量名词+of+名词

15、。如：a bottle of water, two cups of tea, three pieces of paper如：three cups of coffee, five bottles of water. 修饰可数名词的常用修饰语有few, a few, many, a great number of 等：修饰不可数名词的常用修饰语有little, a little, much, a great deal of：既可修饰可数名词也可修饰不可数名词，如some, enough, a lot of, lots of, plenty of,. 有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，

16、同一个词，但意思不同(1) glass(玻璃) a glass(玻璃杯) paper(纸) a paper(报纸) work(工作) a work(著作) room(空间) a room(房间)(2) fruit(水果) fruits (各种水果) fish(鱼肉) fishes(各种鱼) hair(所有头发) hairs (几根头发) time(时间) times(时代)练一练（二）：到你大显身手的时候啦，做做下列各题，看不可数名词掌握的如何。I. 找出不可数名词，在横线上打勾，并将可数名词变成复数形式：homework _half _advice_money _knowledge _boo

17、t _blood _music _chicken _heat _mouth _bread _information _milk _cow _tear _II. ( ) 1. If you dont take more _, youll get fat. A. medicine B. lessons C. photos D. exercise( ). Mum, I have _ to tell you! A. a good news B. some good news C. some good newses D. many good news( ).I have two _ and three

18、bottles of _ here. A. orange, orange B. oranges, oranges C. oranges, orange D. orange, oranges( ). Help yourself to _. A. chickens and apples B. chickens and apple C. chicken and apple D. chicken and apples( ). He is a success as a leader but he hasnt _ in teaching. A. many experiences B. much exper

19、ience C. an experience D. a lot experience( ). The restaurant is so popular here, Look, there are so many _ here. A. food B. dish C. people D. waiter( ).Would you like some drinks, boys? Yes, _ , please. A. some oranges B. two boxes of chocolate C. some cakes D. two boxes of cola( ).You can get much

20、 _ about the World Expo on the Internet. A. map B. picture C. ticket D. information( ). Mr. Black gave us _ on how to learn English well. A. an advice B. many advices C. some advice D. some advices( ). When I hurriedly got to the airport, the lady at the window told me that there were no _ left on t

21、hat plane. A. places B. seats C. space D. room四.名词所有格找一找： 同学们，快来读一读下面的例句，找一找，你能发现什么吗？. Is this Mr. Blacks office? 这是布莱克先生的办公室吗？ . y brothers book is new. 我哥哥的书是新的。. Today is May 31, tomorrow will be Childrens Day.今天是月日，明天是儿童节。. I found something important in todays newspaper. 我发现今天的报纸有些重要的事情。.There

22、is a map of China on the wall in our classroom. 在我们教室的墙上有一张中国地图。. He is a friend of Henrys. 他是亨利的一个朋友。 看一看:读下面表格，要仔细观察它们的规律及区别哦，加油！名词的所有格：名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加s构成，二是由介词of加名词构成。前者多表示有生命的东西，后者多表示无生命的东西。1. s所有格的构成：单数名词在末尾加s the boys father, Jacks book, her son-in-laws photo, 复数名词 一般在末尾

23、加 the teachers room, the twins mother, 不规则复数名词后加s the childrens toys, womens rights, 以s结尾的人名所有格加s或者 Dickens novels, Charless job, the Smiths house 表示各自的所有关系时,各名词末尾均须加s Japans and Americas problems, Janes and Marys bikes 表示共有的所有关系时在最后一词末加s Japan and Americas problems, Jane and Marys father ：你要加油哦!对名词

24、所有格的概念和构成了解了吧。下面让我们学一学所有格的用法。.s所有格的用法：(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加s。如： Childrens Day(儿童节), Mothers Day（母亲节）, my sisters book(我姐姐的书) mens room （男厕所）(2)有些表示时间的名词,也可在词尾加s. 如：todays newspaper(今天的报纸), ten minutes walk(十分钟的步行路程),(3)表示天体的名词的所有格用s。如： the suns heat; the moons surface(4)表示世界、国家、城镇以及地区机构的名词的所有格用s。如

25、： the citys development; the governments plan；Chinas population(中国的人口).(5)表示度量与货币价值的所有格用s。如： ten kilometers distance; 200 dollars worth of goods(6) 表示“某人家”“店铺”，所有格后名词省略he doctors, the barbers, the tailors, my uncles2. of所有格的用法：(1)用于无生命的东西。如：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book(2)用于有生命的东西，尤其是

26、有较长定语时。如：the classrooms of the first-year students(3)表示“有关”非所有关系的用 of 介词短语。如：students of the school(4)表示同位关系的用 of 介词短语。如： the city of Pisa.“of+名词所有格/名词性物主代词”称为双重所有格。如：a friend of my fathers(我父亲的一位朋友), a friend of mine(我的一位朋友)练一练（三）：到你大显身手的时候啦，做做下列各题，看看你对名词所有格掌握的怎么样，加油。I. 用所给单词的正确形式填空。1. Chocolate is

27、 usually the _ (child) favorite food.2. -Paul, please e-mail me those _ (professor) weekly reports as soon as possible. -OK! No problem.3. I found something important in _ (today) newspaper.4. Lets go to see Miss Ding on _ (teacher) Day this year.5. Please tell me the_(win) telephone number, I want

28、to interview him.II.根据汉语意思完成句子。1. _(李明的父母)work in a big hospital.2. This is _(我妹妹的语文书)3. _(双胞胎的卧室) are very nice.4. _(王平和王明的父亲) is a hotel manager.5. Is this _(你的好朋友的钢笔) ? III. 单项选择：( )1.How is your skirt, Mary?It is more beautiful than _.A. my sisters B. my sister C. sisters D. mine( )2. How far is your cousins home from here?-Its about two _ drive.A. hours B. hours C. hours D. hour( )3. Can you imagine what life will be li