it的用法学案.docx

1、it的用法学案 Grammar - Theuf“it” Lead in _ was a sunny day. Peter decided to go for a walk to the park, though _ was two miles away. _ was so comfortable to walk on the street. Suddenly _began to rain. He found _ hard to walk there. Then he took a bus home. Unfortunately _ went wrong. When he got home, h

2、e was wet through. Thus _ was a day that he would never forget. 大体用法 1. it作代词 2. it作形式主语 3. it作形式宾语 4. it用于强调句中 一、it作代词 S1. What is this? It is a cellphone. S2. What is that? It is his dictionary. S3. Whose book is this? It is Mr. Chengs. S4. Where is your English book? It is here. S5. My cat is mis

3、sing, I cant find it anywhere. S6. What a beautiful baby? Is it a boy? Draw a conclusion: 1. It-词性? _ 能够用作人称代词，代指_ 还能够替代指示代词_ 或_或_ It is Friday today. It was very cold last Monday. It is about 8:30 now. It is about 25km from Longxian to Bazi. It lies in the south of Shaoguan city. It is 40C ! You go

4、t a high fever! It rains heavily. It is November 11, 2005. 2. it 能够用作非人称代词, 表示_,_, _, _, _, _等。 【辨析it, one, the one, that】： it的用法： it，单数，特指，相当于“the + 单数/不可数名词”；与所指代名词属同一类，而且是同一个。 I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I dont have enough money to buy _. A. one B. it C. this D. that o

5、ne的用法： one，单数，泛指，相当于“a/an + 单数名词”，与前面所指代名词属同类但不是同一个，指同一类中的一个。one能够依照语义在它的前面或后面加上一些定语。 I havent a pen, can you lend me one? I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _. A. it B. those C. them D. one the one的用法： the one, 单数，特指，相当于“the + 单数名词”，与所指代名词属同类，但不是同一个，具体哪个往往由其后面的定语决定。 There are 35

6、000 night clubs in Tokyo, and you dont often see _ that is empty. A. it B. that C. one D. the one that的用法： that, 特指，单数，相当于“the + 单数/不可数名词”，与所指代名词同类，但不同一，that能够依照语义在它的后面加上一些定语，多数是of短语；它的前面不能存在任何定语。 My seat was next to _ of the teacher. A. one B. it C. that D. seat Nine in ten parents said there were

7、significant differences in their approach to educating their children compared with _ of their parents. A. those B. one C. both D. that 形式主语形式宾语二、作引导词，在句中作或，代替后面的动词不定式、动名 词或从句。 1) 代替 “to do” It is important for us to learn English well. I found it necessary to tell him about the matter. 2) 代替 “doing

8、” It is no use quarrelling with him about it. I think it no good talking to her. 3) 代替 “clause” It doesnt matter whether he will come or not. I think it necessary that we will attend the meeting. （一） it用作形式主语 替代作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词，而把真正作主语的从句、动词不定式、动名词置于句尾。经常使用于以下特殊句式： 【一】经常使用的四种由it作形式主语的主语从句 1. It is/w

9、as + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth. that 2. It is/was + 过去分词 + that 3. It is/was + a/an + n. + that 4. It + vi.(happens to sb./strikes sb./takes +时刻/) + that 1. It is/was + adj. + for/of sb. to do sth. that （1）It is/was+adj.+for sb.to do sth. for前的形容词一样为描述事件的形容词：如easy, difficult, necessary, impossible

10、, important等 _is illegal _ a man to drive a car without a license. （2）It is/was+adj.+of sb. to do sth. of前的形容词一样为描述人的形容词：如kind, clever, nice, rude, cruel, considerate, foolish, wise等 Its kind _ you to help me with the problem. （3）it作形式主语,从句做真正主语 It is clear(/obvious/true/possible/certain/) that . 很明

11、显他已经明白了真相。 _ It is important(/vital/essential/necessary/strange/natural/.) that . 在此句型中，that 后的从句中要用“should+动词原形”的形式，其中should 能够省略，意为“竟然；应该”。 好勤学英语很重要。 _ 2. It is/was + 过去分词 + that It is said(/reported/believed/thought/ known/told/hoped/) that . 众所周知，姚明是世界闻名的足球运动员。 _ It is suggested(/ordered/demande

12、d/requested /commanded/) that . 在此句型中，that 后的从句中要用“should+动词原形”的形式，其中should 能够省略，意为“竟然；应该”。 大伙儿建议会议应该予以推延。 _ 3. It is/was + a/an + n. + that It is a pity(/a shame/an honor /fact /a surprise/.) that . 该句型中，that后的从句一样用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形) should可省去,表示出乎意料,常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，那么不用虚拟语气。例如： It is no wonder th

13、at 难怪 你们班竟然发生如此的情形，真是件耻辱。 _ 他生病了，真遗憾！ _ 4. It + vi.(happens to sb./strikes sb./takes +时刻/appears/seems) + that 他似乎对打篮球不感爱好。 _ 令他震惊的是他竟然成功考上了大学。 _ 【二】It做形式主语，动名词做真正主语的常见句型有： Its no good (in) doing 做没有益处 Its no use (in) doing 做没有效 记住：There be 的几个固定句型： There is no point (in) doing 做没成心义 There is no sen

14、se (in) doing做没成心义 There is no trouble (in) doing做不困难 There is no difficulty (in) doing做不困难 There is no possibility that 是不可能的 There is no doubt that毫无疑问 Theres some doubt whether/if 有疑问 【注意】：加名词的一样为There，加形容词的一样为It，例外：Its no use/good (in) doing sth. 【特殊情形】： Its useful to do sth. Its useless(/no use

15、) (in) doing There is no need (for sb.) to do sth.做没有必要 （二）it作形式宾语 当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句时，往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面，而用it 作形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。 该句型中的it作形式宾语，经常使用的动词有think, believe, make, find, consider, feel等。 【 6123结构】 主语+动词+it+形容词/名词+不定式/动名词/从句 6. 指主句中经常使用的动词：think， believe， make， find, consider， feel； 1. 指的是形式宾语

16、it； 2. 指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词； 3. 指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。 常见的it做形式宾语组成的句型： sb. think/find/consider it important (necessary/helpful) (for sb.) to do sth. that 我感觉天天早上高声读英语对我很有效。 _ make it clear that弄清楚；使明白 take it for granted that 以为是理所固然的 make it a rule that使为适应 在动词like, love, enjoy, prefer

17、, hate, appreciate 后接if/when/that从句时一样用it做形式宾语。 结构为：sb. like/love/enjoy/prefer/hate/ appreciate it if/when/that 在短语answer for负责, depend on依托, insist on坚持, see to负责，照顾后接从句时一样用it做形式宾语 结构为：depend on/insist on/see to it that 我以为在考试中作弊是不对的。 _ 若是她天天迟到的话我也无能为力。 _ 若是你给我些有效的信息，我将很感激。 _ 我讨厌人们边吃东西边说话。 _ 【常见的固定

18、用法有】: make it 成功，安排在或定在某时刻 forget it 别提了，忘了它吧 Dont mention it 别提了，表示不用谢 It doesnt matter 没关系 It (That) depends 视情形而定 You guessed it 你猜着了 Its hard to say 很难说 Its up to you to do sth.由你来决定做某事 If I can help it 若是我有方法的话 When it comes to当谈到时 The chairman thought _ necessary to invite Professor Smith to s

19、peak at the meeting.(05全国) A. that B. it C. this D. him Id appreciate _ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.(2006山东) A. That B. it C. this D. you 三、用于强调句型中 1. 强调句的一样句式： 被强调部份 It is/was + + that/who . 2. 强调句的一样疑问句式： 被强调部份 Is/Was it + + that/who 3. 强调句的特殊疑问句式： 特殊疑问词 + is/was it that

20、4. not until的强调句式： 被强调部份 It is/was not until + + that . 把下面这句话改成强调句。 I met Tom in the park yesterday. 1)强调I：_ 2)强调Tom：_ 3)强调in the park：_ 4)强调yesterday：_ It was five oclock _ I got home. It was at five oclock _ I got home. It was _ back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. u

21、ntil midnight that he didnt go C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didnt go In which play is _ your brother appears? A. that where B. this when C. it that D. it where It was in the lab _ was taken charge of by Professor Zhang _ they did the experiment. A. where; that B. whic

22、h ; where C. that ; where D. which; that 四、it引导的其他惯用句型 时刻段“自从已通过了”It is/It has been +(a long time)+since + sb. didsth. It is/was/will be +时刻段(a long time) +before + sb. do/didsth. “过了好久才；好久以后才” It isnt/wasnt/wont be +时刻段(a long time) +before + sb. dosth. “没过量久就” 1.Its years _(since, before, after, t

23、hat) I painted this beautiful picture. 2.It will be years _(since, before, after, that) I paint this beautiful picture. 3.It was years _(since, before, after,that) I painted this beautiful picture. 4.Its for years _(since, before, after, that) I have painted this beautiful picture. Exercise 1. The P

24、arkers bought a new house but _ will need a lot of work before they can move in. A. they B. it C. one D. which 2. Weve been looking at houses but havent found _ we like yet. A. one B. ones C. it D. them 3. Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city. A. ones

25、 B. one C. that D. those 4. If I can help _, I dont like working late into the night. A. so B. that C. it D. them 5. As the busiest woman in Norton, she made _ her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town. A. this B. that C. one D. it 6. Id appreciate _ if you would like to teac

26、h me how to use the computer. A. that B. it C. this D. you 7. _ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy. A. As B. That C. This D. It 8. I hate_ when people talk with their mouths full. A. it B. that C. these D. them 9. It was in the lab_ was ta

27、ken charge of by Professor Black_ they did the experiment. A. that, where B. which, that C. whom, that D. which, where 10. They are all classmates. _ is no wonder that they should help each other with their studies. A. There B. It C. This D. That 11. _ to all that Taiwan is the largest island in Chi

28、na. A. As knows B. As we know C. It is known D. What is known 12. Will you see to_ that our gift is taken back? A. me B. yourself C. it D. them 13. _is weeks since he was drunk. He hasnt been drunk so much like this. A. He B. It C. That D. There 14. Toms parents as well as his head teacher are constantly telling him not to surf the internet too much , but_ didnt help. A. which B. they C. she D. it 15. The Chinese government strongly expects _to