高考英语备考学易黄金易错点专题14 阅读理.docx

1、高考英语备考学易黄金易错点专题14 阅读理In the past，they were laughed at for being eggheads(书呆子) wearing glasses with a passion for the pointless.But now，being a member of their group has become a source of pride，with Collins online dictionary naming the term “geek” as UKs “Word of the Year” on December 16.“Geek” tops

2、 the list for 2013 because of its “positive makeover”，a spokeswoman for Collins Dictionary told The Scotsman newspaper.The word originally appeared in the 19th century as a variant(变形) of “geck”，meaning “a simpleton(傻瓜)”.“In the 1980s，the word still had a negative meaning，referring to someone who wa

3、s boring and socially awkward.However，from the late 20th century，due to the increasing importance of technology in society，the word has come to mean a clever，switchedon and cool person，” noted The Scotsman.In September，the dictionary changed the main definition of “geek” from “someone preoccupied wi

4、th computing” to “a person who is very knowledgeable and enthusiastic about a specific subject”.“Geek is a great example of a word that has evolved from having a negative meaning to having a positive one.” Ian Brookes，consultant editor to Collins Dictionary told The Guardian.“This change in meaning

5、represents a positive change in views of specialist expertise(专长；专业知识)，and is a result of the influence of technology on peoples lives.”The Telegraphs John Bingham believes that the transformation of the word was helped along by the success of the US movie The Social Network，about the creation of th

6、e US website Facebook.“Commentators said the film showed that it had become fashionable to be a geek”，Bingham wrote.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。戴着瓶底眼镜的书呆子们曾经被嘲笑为无用的“geek”，然而时代在变化，咸鱼也有翻身的一天！科林斯字典给了这个词一个全新的、积极的含义。1.The underlined word “makeover” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _.A.evolution B.resu

7、ltC.influence D.response【答案】A【解析】词义猜测题。根据文章第一段的第二句“But now，being a member of their group has become a source of pride，with Collins online dictionary naming the term geek as UKs Word of the Year on December 16.”和第三段“The word originally appeared in the 19th century as a variant(变形) of geck，meaninga si

8、mpleton(傻瓜).”前后对比可知，此处makeover意为“华丽转身”，与倒数第二段的第一句“Geekis a great example of a word that has evolved from having a negative meaning to having a positive one.”相呼应。evolution意为“进化”；result意为“结果”；influence意为“影响”； response意为“回应”。故选A项。2.When did the word “geek” begin to have a positive meaning?A.In the 20th

9、 century. B.From the 1990s.C.In the 1980s. D.At the end of 2013.【答案】B3.According to the article，“geek” now mainly refers to _.A.someone who is addicted to computing and new technologyB.someone who is boring and unfashionableC.someone who is smart but awkward in social situationsD.someone who is well

10、informed and devoted to a certain field【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“a person who is very knowledgeable and enthusiastic about a specific subject”可知，“geek”现在主要指那些博学的学者型人物。故选D项。4.What helped to transform the meaning of “geek” from negative to positive according to the article?a.The effect of technology.b.

11、The news medias promotion.c.The influence of Collins Dictionary.d.The popularity of The Social Network.A.a，b B.b.c C.a，d D.c，d【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段第一句“.by the success of the US movie The Social Network，about the creation of the US website Facebook.”可知，“geek”词义的华丽转身来源于电影The Social Network的成功和技术的进步。

12、根据倒数第二段最后一句中的“is a result of the influence of technology on peoples lives”可知，这是科技进步对人们生活影响的结果。故选C项。 Dear Gregory，Merry Christmas! You are now the proud owner of an iPhone.You are a good and responsible 13-year-old boy and you deserve this gift.But with your acceptance of this present come some rules

13、 and regulations.Please read through the following list of rules.I hope that you understand that it is my job to form you into a well-rounded，healthy young man who can coexist with technology without being ruled by it.Failure to comply with(遵守) the following list will result in termination(终止) of yo

14、ur iPhone ownership.1.It is my phone.I bought it.I pay for it.I am loaning(借) it to you.Arent I the greatest?2.If it rings，answer it.It is a phone.Say hello and use your manners.Do not ever ignore a phone call if the screen reads “Mom” or “Dad”.3.It does not go to school with you.Have conversations

15、with your friends in person.Thats an important life skill.But half days，field trips and afterschool activities will require special consideration.4.If it falls into the toilet，breaks up on the ground or disappears into thin air，you are responsible for the replacement or repair costs.Mow lawns，take u

16、p babysitting or save up your birthday money.Accidents will happen，so you should be prepared.5.Turn it off，silence it and put it away in publicespecially in a restaurant，at the movies or while speaking with another human being.You are not a rude person.Do not allow your new toy to change that.6.Live

17、 within your experiences.They will be stored in your memory forever.Dont take too many pictures and videos.There is no need to document everything.7.Learn to live without it.Be bigger and more powerful than your “FOMO”fear of missing out.Leave your phone at home sometimes and feel safe and secure in

18、 that decision.It is not alive，nor is it an extension of your body.8.Keep your eyes up.See the world happening around you.Stare out a window.Listen to the birds.Take a walk.Wonder without Googling.9.If you mess up，I will take away your phone.We will sit down and talk about it.We will start over agai

19、n.You and I，we are always learning.I am on your side and we are in this together.Love，Mom【语篇解读】本文是一封母亲写给孩子的信，主要讲述了母亲为了避免孩子成为手机控而与孩子之间的约法守则。5.The authors main purpose in writing the article is to _.A.explain to Gregory the functions of the new mobile phoneB.show Gregory how much thought has been put

20、into this giftC.inform Gregory of good manners he has to follow in publicD.make a deal with Gregory on the use of his Christmas giftiPhone【答案】D【解析】写作意图题。根据文章第一段的最后一句“Failure to comply with(遵守) the following list will result in termination (终止) of your iPhone ownership.”以及对第一段的整体理解可知，本文主要介绍了母亲和孩子之间关于

21、使用圣诞礼物iPhone手机的相关约定。故选D项。6.If Gregory loses his iPhone，he _.A.will get a new one from his parentsB.has to pay for a new one himselfC.will never receive gifts from his parentsD.must learn to live without a phone【答案】B7.We can learn from the article that Gregorys parents _.A.set rules and regulations i

22、n every aspect of his lifeB.expect him to do something in return for this giftC.are worried about his manners and carelessnessD.dont want him to be addicted to electronic products【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段倒数第二句“I hope that you understand that it is my job to form you into a wellrounded，healthy young man

23、 who can coexist with technology without being ruled by it.”可知，孩子的父母不想孩子成为手机控。故选D项。8.Gregory has to follow the rules below except that _.A.be sure to answer his parents callsB.keep the phone in silence when hes at the cinemaC.record his life as much as possible using the phoneD.bring the phone with

24、him on field trips when necessary【答案】C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第6条规定中的最后一句“There is no need to document everything.”可知，母亲要求孩子不需要将每件事情都用手机记录下来，C项与此条相悖。故选C项。The fourth round of heavy smog that hit Beijing in four weeks has sent more people to the hospital with respiratory(呼吸的) illnesses and led to calls for laws

25、 to control the pollution.Pan Shiyi，a real estate developer，said he is planning to propose (提出) a Clean Air Act to the local government.As a representative of the Beijing Municipal Peoples Congress，he started an online survey at 9：20 a.m.Within three hours，more than 25，000 web users，or 99 percent of

26、 total respondents，welcomed his proposal on Sina Weibo，Chinas Twitter.They have good reasons to stand alongside Pan.The latest round of haze(雾霾) reduced visibility to under 500 meters in many parts of the city.The smog has also led to a great increase in respiratory illnesses，particularly among chil

27、dren and the elderly.Anxious parents and doctors almost all blame the smoggy air for the illnesses.Though most schoolchildren are home for the winter holidays，the bad air can easily move indoors.Besides，ordinary medical masks fail to provide adequate protection，so some people have turned to gas mask

28、s and respirators (呼吸器).The causes of the scary smog are rather mysterious，though experts blame excessive emissions and the mountains around Beijing that trap pollution in winter，unless there is adequate wind to clear it away.Some critics have pointed fingers at Chinas top two oil firms，China Nation

29、al Petroleum Corp and China Petrochemical Corporation，saying the companies outdated production technologies produce large quantities of substandard，highpolluting gas fuel.Meanwhile，concerned Beijingers have moved their brainstorming sessions to cyberspace.If Pans proposal for a Clean Air Act is adop

30、ted，netizens say the new law should include items providing for “carfree days” in times of smog，higher standards for vehicle fuel，stricter restrictions on industrial and exhaust gas emissions，and more effective protection for the public.Beijing is not the only city that has ever lost the blue sky.Fi

31、ve days of thick fog caused thousands of deaths in Britain in December 1952，urging the government to pass the first Clean Air Act in 1956，which introduced smokeless zones and cleaner fuels to reduce pollution.That may provide some experience for Beijing to refer to.【语篇解读】北京持续的雾霾天气引发了公众对空气污染的关注，网民们纷纷

32、呼吁政府制定清洁空气法案。9.Why did Pan Shiyi start an online survey?A.To investigate the publics opinions on pollution.B.To tell people the danger of the smoggy weather.C.To call on more people to support his proposal.D.To collect supporting evidences for his proposal.【答案】D10.What can we learn from the passage?A.People are clear about the causes of the smoggy weather.B.Children staying indoors will not get respiratory i