词法之冠词用法.docx

1、词法之冠词用法词法之冠词用法一、冠词的基本概念不定冠词：an/aI have a student.Paris is an interesting city.定冠词：the1)特别指出: The student is smiling at me.2)双方都知道的事情：Lets meet at the school gate.Im going to the post office.3)文章中第二次提到Once upon a time, there was an old man. The old man had a hen.The hen gave him a gold egg every day.

2、零冠词不使用冠词练一练：1. we enjoyed our holiday. _hotel was very nice.2. You look very tired. You need_holiday.3. “Where is Tom, mom?” “He is in_bathroom.”4. Peter and Mary have two children,_boy and_girl. _boy is 7 years old and _ girl is three. Peter works in _ factory. Mary doesnt have_ job at the moment.想

3、一想：翻译：狗是可爱的动物(1)_(2)_(3)_改错：1. Dont forget to turn off light when you go out.2. Enjoy your holiday and dont forget to send me postcard.3. What is name of this village?4. Canada is very big city.5. What is name of director of film we saw last night?二、不定冠词a/an(1)用法表示类别, 有“一”的意思, 但没有one指数时的概念强烈, 有时可不译出

4、There is a cat in the tree。树上有一只猫。表示首次提到的人或事物An old man is sitting under the tree. 泛指某类事物或人, 即以其中一个代表整体, 与单数可数名词连用, 此时不译为“一”This is a sheep, not a goat. 这是绵羊, 不是山羊。用来表示时间、价格等, 意为“每一”The tea is eighty yuan a kilo. 用在序数词前, 表示“再一次”a second cup再来一杯表示职业、身份、宗教等Her brother is _. 她哥哥是一名医生。用于某些固定词组中in a hurr

5、y匆忙，急于take a walka few_have a look看一看 have a swim_ a lot很，非常 have a try试一试过得愉快；玩得高兴 _a little bit有点儿a couple of两个all of a sudden突然 have a cold感冒 have a rest/break休息一下have a try试一试 have a walk散步once in a while偶尔 pay a visit to拜访play a role发挥作用 quite a lot/few许多 .(2)a/an的使用区别1)元音字母开头用an; 辅音字母开头用a改错：Do

6、 you want an apple or banana?填空：_old book _window _orange _airport _new airport _ organizationIm going to buy_useful book and_umbrella2)U开头发字母音时用a；发其它音时用an_ university_uncle_unusual experience_usual experience_UFO_European country3）注意字母“H”Im going to buy_hatIm_honest boyThis is_horseThis is_honor (荣

7、誉）There are sixty minutes in_hour.A. an B. a C. the D. 4）单词one前+“a”a_one-legged man/chair/tablea one-eyed man5）字母题的解法：Did you do well in_English exam?Yes, I got_“A”.A. the; an B. an; the C. a; D. the; aThere is _”N” in the word restaurant.三、定冠词the特指双方都熟悉The girl in red is my sister.Tom sat down on a

8、 chair/ on the chair nearest the door.Id like to speak to the teacher.I took a taxi to the station.上文已经被提及I have a car. I cleaned the car yesterday.世上无二仅独一天体的独一无二天空： 宇宙：太阳： 月亮：地球： 环境：序数词和最高级the first/the second/the third/the fourth.the best/the most beautiful/the tallest.山河海岛建筑物富士山西湖黄河白宫台湾岛姓氏复数奏乐器 姓

9、氏复数：the Greens/the Whites/the BrownsThe Greens _(be) in the park.The Greens _(be) over there. play the+乐器 play the piano/guitar/violin少数形表一类人老人 富人 残疾人年轻人 穷人 病人The young _(like) trying something new.方位名词别忘记in the east/west/south/northon the top/bottom/left/rightin the middle/center普构专有和年代普通名词构成的专有名词中

10、华人民共和国：美国：英国：长城：颐和园：表示年代in the 1980s 在20世纪80年代复数名词指群体与复数名词连用，指整个群体They are the teachers of this school. (指全体教师)They are teachers of this school. (指部分教师)身体部位表所有用在表示身体部位的名词前表示所有，相当于物主代词She caught me by the arm. 她抓住了我的手臂。固定短语要牢记in the morning/evening/afternoon 在上午/晚上/下午at the same time同时 all the time总是

11、，一直 in the end最后；终于 in the beginning在开始 all the year round一年到头 by the way顺便问一句/说一句the day after tomorrow后天the day before yesterday前天the next morning第二天早上in the sky在天空中all the same仍然，依然in the middle of在的中间.3、零冠词在专有名词(包括人名、地名、节日、日期、星期、月份、季节)前不用冠词Lei Feng, China, Class Two, milkTomorrow is Friday.泛指表示一

12、类人或事物的复数名词前不用定冠词(特指时要用定冠词the）Dogs are our best friends.The dogs are running after a cat.物质名词和抽象名词表示一般概念时，通常不加冠词(特指时要用定冠词the）time时间；water水；fruit水果人名、称呼语、头衔、职务等名词前，一般不加冠词Mr. Wang名词前有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词或名词所有格修饰时，不用冠词Maybe she is in her room.That is Marys book. 那是玛丽的书。不用冠词的序数词a. 序数词前有物主代词时。b. 序数词作副词。例如：He ca

13、me first in the race. 他跑步得了第一。c. 在固定词组中，如at (the) first, first of all, from first to last等。在“by交通工具”中，不加冠词骑自行车_乘火车_在学科、棋类、球类和三餐之前不加冠词吃午饭_踢足球_下象棋_颜色语种国家人Her coat is yellow. 她的外套是黄色的。Chinese is my mother tongue.汉语是我的母语。We are Chinese.我们是中国人。某些固定习惯用语中不用冠词at noon在正午at first起先go to school去上学in hospital住院

14、四、有定冠词与无定冠词意义不同的情况在某些短语中，如school，college，prison，market，hospital，bed，table，class，town，church，court 等个体名词，直接置于介词后，表示该名词的深层含义。如：in class 在课堂 in the class 在班里go to school去上学 go to the school去学校at/in school在上学 at/in the school在学校里（不一定是学生）in hospital住院 in the hospital在医院里at table在吃饭 at the table在桌子旁by sea

15、乘船 by the sea在海边in bed(睡、病、躺)在床上 in the bed在床上in front of在(外部的)前面 in the front of在（内部的）前面on earth究竟 on the Earth在地球上in future今后 in the future将来练一练在他的房前（外面）_ 在他房子的前部（内部） _五、冠词的数量1)有两个冠词，表示两个不同的人或物。例如：He raises a black and a white cat. 他养了一只黑猫和一只白猫。The black and the white cats are hers. 这黑猫和白猫都是她的。The

16、 teacher and writer has worked here for 3 years.2)如只有一个冠词，则指一人或一物。例如：He raises a black and white cat. 他养了一只花猫。六、冠词的位置1)不定冠词位置不定冠词常位于名词或名词修饰语前。但是注意：a. 位于such，what，many，half等形容词之后。例如：I have never seen such an animal. 我从来没见过这样的动物。Many a man is fit for the job. 许多人适合这岗位。b. 当名词前的形容词被副词as, so, too, how, h

17、owever, enough修饰时，不定冠词应放在形容词之后。例如：It is as pleasant a day as I have ever spent. 我从未这么高兴过。so short a time 如此短的时间too long a distance 距离太远了c. quite, rather与单数名词连用，冠词放在其后。但当rather, quite 前仍有形容词时，不定冠词放其前后均可，如：rather a cold day/a rather cold day。d. 在as, though 引导的让步状语从句中，当表语为形容词修饰的名词时，不定冠词放形容词后。例如：Brave a

18、 man though he is，he trembles at the sight of snakes. 他尽管勇敢，可见到蛇还是发抖。2)定冠词位置定冠词通常位于名词或名词修饰语前，但放在all, both, double, half, twice, three times等词之后，名词之前。例如：All the students in the class went out. 班里的所有学生都出去了基础练习七年级冠词练习一、单选题1.We need potato. A.aB.anC.theD.some2.Whats this? It is _apple.A.aB.anC.theD./3.I

19、 have guitar, but I cant play guitar well. A.the; theB.a; aC.the; aD.a; the4.Lily only eats _ egg for _ breakfast. A.a; anB./; theC.the; aD.an; /5.Can Tim play chess? Yes.And he can play piano, too.A.the;theB.不填;theC.the;不填6.一Is that an elephant? 一Yes, And_elephant is 3 years old. A.aB.theC.anD./7.C

20、hongqing has become hot city for tourists. A.aB.anC.theD.8.Do you often play _soccer? No, I dont like sports.A.aB.theC.anD./9.Tom has_ aunt and _uncle. A.an; anB.a; aC.an; aD.a; an10.Its time for school. Lets go to school. A.aB.anC.theD./11.You will have good time on the beach. A.aB.anC.theD./12.Bil

21、ls sister has eraser and dictionary. A.an；anB.a；anC.an；a13.Is jacket yours? No, it isnt. I think its Lucys.A.theB.anC.a14. Is there _ u and _ I in word ruler? Yes, there is.A.a; aB.an; anC.a; anD.an; a15.My sister has small mouth. A.aB.anC.theD./16.Do you have an _ contest? A.mathB.speechC.artD.Chinese17.Its raining. You need to take umbrella with you when going out. A.aB.anC.theD./18.The boys go _ home at half past four. A.aB.an