高考英语专项练习16阅读理解人物传记六年试题精组精析.docx

1、高考英语专项练习16阅读理解人物传记六年试题精组精析2019高考英语专项练习16阅读理解（人物传记）（六年试题精组精析）【2018高考试题】【2018山东卷】BOne of the greatest contributions to the first Oxford English Dictionary was also one of its most unusual. In 1879, Oxford University in England asked Prof. James Murray to serve as editor for what was to be the most amb

2、itious dictionary in the history of the English language. It would include every English word possible and would give not only the definition but also the history of the word and quotations (引文)showing how it was used. This was a huge task. So Murrary had to find volunteers from Britain, the United

3、States, and the British colonies to search every newspaper, magazine, and book ever written in English. Hundreds of volunteers responded, including William Chester Minor. Dr. Minor was an American Surgeon who had served in the Civil War and was now living in England. He gave his address as “Broadmoo

4、r, Crowthorne, Berkshire,” 50 miles from Oxford. Minor joined the army of volunteers sending words and quotations to Murray. Over the next years, he became one of the staffs most valued contributors. But he was also a mystery. In spite of many invitations, he would always decline to visit Oxford. So

5、 in 1897， Murray finally decided to travel to Crowthorne himself. When he arrived, he found Minor locked in a book-lined cell at the Broadmoor Asylum for the Criminally insane. Murray and Minor became friends, sharing their love of words. Minor continued contributing to the dictionary, sending in mo

6、re than 10,000 submissions in 20 years. Murray continued to visit Minor regularly, sometimes taking walks with him around the asylum grounds. In 1910, Minor left Broadmoor for an asylum in his native America. Murray was at the port to wave goodbye to his remarkable friend. Minor died in 1920, seven

7、years before the first edition of the Oxford English Dictionary was completed. The 12 volumes defined 414,825 words, and thousands of them were contributions from a very scholarly and devoted asylum patient. 61. According to the text, the first Oxford English Dictionary _. A. came out before minor d

8、ied B. was edited by an American volunteer C. included the English words invented by MurrayD. was intended to be the most ambitious English dictionary62. How did Dr. Minor contributed to the dictionary?A. He helped Murray to find hundreds of volunteers. B. He sent newspapers, magazines and books to

9、Murray.C. He provided a great number of words and quotationsD. he went to England to work with Murray. 63. Why did Dr. Minor refuse to visit Oxford?A. He was shut in an asylum B. He lived far from OxfordC. He was busy writing a book D. He disliked traveling 64. Prof. Murray and Dr. Minor became frie

10、nds mainly because _.A. they both served in the Civil War. B. They had a common interest in wordsC. Minor recovered with the help of MurrayD. Murray went to America regularly to visit Minor65. Which of the following best describe Dr. Minor?A. Brave and determined B. Cautious and friendly C. Consider

11、ate and optimistic D. Unusual and scholarly 66. What does the text mainly talk about?A. The history of the English language.B. The friendship between Murray and Minor C. Minor and the first Oxford English DictionaryD. Broadmoor Asylum and is patients 62.【答案】C【解析】根据第三段的第一句话Minor joined the army of vo

12、lunteers sending words and quotations to Murray可知答案选C。【考点定位】考查细节理解。【2018安徽卷】CWhen Frida Kahlos paintings were on show in London, a poet described her paintings as “ a ribbon 丝带around a bomb”. Such comments seem to suggest Kahlo had a big influence on the art world of her time. Sadly, she is actually

13、 a much bigger name today than she was during her time.Born in 1907 in a village near Mexico City , Kahlo suffered from polio小儿麻痹症at the age of seven. Her spine 脊柱become bent as she grew older. Then, in 1925, her back was broken in several places in a school-bus accident. Throughout the rest of her

14、life, the artist had many operations, but noting was able to cure the terrible pain in her back. However, the accident had an unexpected side effect. While lying in her bed recovering, Kahlo taught herself to paint.In 1929, she got married to Diego Rivera, another famous Mexican artist. Riveras stro

15、ng influences on Kahlos style can be seen in her early works, but her later works from the 1940s, known today as her best works, show less influence from her husband.Unfortunately, her works did not attract much attention in the 1930s and1940s, even in her home country. Her first one-woman show in M

16、exico was not held until 1953.For more than a decade after her death in 1954, Kahlos works remained largely unnoticed by the world, but in the 1970s her works began to gain international fame at last. 64. What does the phrase “a much bigger name” in paragraph 1 most nearly mean? A. a far better arti

17、st B. a for more gifted artist C. a much stronger person D. a much more famous person65. The terrible pain Kahlo suffered was caused by . A. polio B. her bent spineC. back injuries D. the operations she had66. Kahlos style had become increasingly independent since the . A.1930s B. 1940s C. 1950s D.

18、1970s67. What is authors attitude toward Kahlo? A. Devotion B. Sympathy C. Worry D. Encouragement典型的人物传记。难度一般般。 64D 我们可以用better 和gifted来描写她，但是文章中说她的主要悲剧是不被大众认识。 65C 文章依据就是school bus accident. 66B 细节题，直接找到答案 67B 推理题，tomb和sadly告诉我们这是一个悲剧，a ribbon告诉我们主人公很积极乐观。【2017高考试题】1.2017山东卷A Arthur Miller(1915-200

19、5)is universally recognized as one of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Miller s father had moved to the USA from Austria Hungary,drawn like so many others by the“ Great American Dream”. However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Dep

20、ression of the early l930s. Millers s most famous play, Death of a Salesman , is a powerful attack on the American system ,with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman , the hero of the play, we see a man who has got i

21、nto trouble with his worth. Willy is “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment : if he cant do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this, and at loss as to what to do with his lack of success

22、. He refuses to face the fact that he has failed and kills himself in the end. When it was first staged in 1949 ,the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews ,and it won the Tony Award for Best Play, the New York Drama Critics Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama. It was the first play t

23、o win all three of these major awards. Miller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury, Connecticut ,on the evening of February 10,2005,the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway. 56. Why did Arthur Miller s father move to the USA? A. He suffered from severe

24、 hunger in his home country. B. He was attracted by the Great American Dream. C. He hoped to make his son a dramatist. D. His family business failed. 57. The play Death of a Salesman A. exposes the cruelty of the American business world B. discusses the ways to get promoted in a company C. talks abo

25、ut the business career of Arthur Miller D. focuses on the skills in doing business58. What can we learn about Willy Loman? A. He treats his employer badly. B. He runs the Wagner Company. C. He is a victim of the American system. D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.59. After it was first st

26、aged, Death of a Salesman A. achieved huge success B. won the first Tony Award C. was warmly welcomed by salesmen D. was severely attacked by dramatists60. What is the text mainly about? A. Arthur Miller and his family. B. The awards Arthur Miller won. C. The hardship Arthur Miller experienced. D. A

27、rthur Miller and his best-known play.2.2017陕西卷BMost people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.Born in September, 1987, Irene Curie was the first of the C

28、uries two daughters. Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of Svign in Paris.Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for

29、 a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was using X-ray facilities设备 to help save the lives of wounded soldiers.Irene continued the work by developing X-ray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgrum. Her services were recognised i

30、n the form of a Militarys Medal by the French government. In 1918, Irene became her mothers assistant at the Curie Institute. In December 1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taugh him the techniques required for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926. Their daugh

31、ter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later.Like her mother, Irene combined family and career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935. Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity辐射

32、能. Irene Joliot-Curie died from leukemia on March 17, 1956.49、Why was Irene Curie awarded a Military Medal?【B】A.Because she received a degree in mathematics.B.Because she contributed to saving the wounded.C.Because she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic.D. Because she worked as a helper to her mother.50、Where did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederio joliot?【A】A.At the Curie Institute. B.At the Cniversity of Paris.C