新概念英语85年上外美音版第四册 第58课Painting as a Pastime.docx

1、新概念英语85年上外美音版第四册 第58课Painting as a Pastime新概念英语85年上外美音版第四册 第58课：Painting as a PastimeLesson 58 Painting as a Pastime 绘画消遣A gifted American psychologist has said, Worry is a spasm of the emotion; the mind catches hold of something and will not let it go. It is useless to argue with the mind in this c

2、ondition. The stronger the will, the more futile the task. One can only gently insinuate something else into its convulsive grasp. And if this something else is rightly chosen, if it is really attended by the illumination of another field of interest, gradually, and often quite swiftly, the old undu

3、e grip relaxes and the process of recuperation and repair begins.The cultivation of a hobby and new forms of interest is therefore a policy of first importance to a public man. But this is not a business that can be undertaken in a day or swiftly improvised by a mere command of the will. The growth

4、of alternative mental interests is a long process. The seeds must be carefully chosen; they must fall on good ground; they must be sedulously tended, if the vivifying fruits are to be at hand when needed.To be really happy and really safe, one ought to have at least two or three hobbies, and they mu

5、st all be real. It is no use starting late in life to say： I will take an interest in this or that. Such an attempt only aggravates the strain of mental effort. A man may acquire great knowledge of topics unconnected with his daily work, and yet hardly get any benefit or relief. It is no use doing w

6、hat you like, you have got to like what you do. Broadly speaking, human beings may be divided into three classes： those who are toiled to death, those who are worried to death, and those who are bored to death. It is no use offering the manual labourer, tired out with a hard weeks sweat and effort,

7、the chance of playing a game of football or baseball on Saturday afternoon. It is no use inviting the politician or the professional or business man, who has been working or worrying about serious things for six days, to work or worry about trifling things at the week-end. As for the unfortunate peo

8、ple who can command everything they want, who can gratify every caprice and lay their hands on almost every object of desire for them a new pleasure, a new excitement is only an additional satiation. In vain they rush frantically round from place to place, trying to escape from avenging boredom by m

9、ere clatter and motion. For them discipline in one form or another is the most hopeful path.It may also be said that rational, industrious, useful human beings are divided into two classes： first, those whose work is work and whose pleasure is pleasure; and secondly, those whose work and pleasure ar

10、e one. Of these the former are the majority. They have their compensations. The long hours in the office or the factory bring with them as their reward, not only the means of sustenance, but a keen appetite for pleasure even in its simplest and most modest forms. But fortunes favoured children belon

11、g to the second class. Their life is a natural harmony. For them the working hours are never long enough. Each day is a holiday, and ordinary holidays when they come are grudged as enforced interruptions in an absorbing vocation. Yet to both classes the need of an alternative outlook, of a change of

12、 atmosphere, of a diversion of effort, is essential. Indeed, it may well be that those whose work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing it at intervals from their minds.psychologist n. 心理学家gifted adj. 有天才的spasm n. 一阵（感情）发作catch hold of 抓住futile adj. 无用的insinuatevt. 使潜入，暗示c

13、onvulsive adj. 起痉挛的illumination n. 启发，照明undue adj. 不适合的grip n. 紧张improvise vt. 临时作成sedulously adv.孜孜不倦地tend vt.照管aggravate vt加剧.broadly speaking 大体上说toil vt.劳累trifling adj.微小的gratify vt.使满意caprice n.任性satiation n.满足in vain徒劳frantically adv.狂乱地avenge vt.替报复boredom n.厌烦clutter n.喧闹的谈话sustenance n.生计ke

14、en adj.强烈的appetite n.欲望favoured adj.受到偏爱的grudge vt.怨恨absorbing adj.引人入胜的banish vt.排除，放弃pastime n. 消遣单词解析：1. psychologist n. 心理学家联想 psychology n.心理学psywar 心理战psychoanalysis 心理分析2.gifted adj. 有天才的eg. He is gifted. 他很有天赋。联想 表示聪明、有天赋的词还有：talented adj.天才的； adroit adj. 灵巧的，敏捷的； genius n. 天才； brilliant adj

15、.有才气的，聪明的；smart n.聪明的（可用于口语）3. spasm n. 一阵（感情）发作用法： a spasm of wild joy 狂喜 a spasm person 被惯坏的人4. futile adj. 无用的；（土地）贫瘠的.反义 fertile adj. （思想）睿智的；（土地）肥沃的近义 void adj. 没用的； pointless adj. 无意义的5. insinuatevt. 使潜入，暗示记 作为一个使动词的用法：be + adj. ; v. + oneself eg. oneself into ones favour / the crowd 向某人献媚、示爱/

16、 挤进人群He always insinuates himself into his bosss favour.他经常向他的头儿献媚。eg. He insinuated his doubt of the answer. 他对这个答案稍有疑问。(vt.暗示)6. illumination n. 启发，照明近义 enlightenment n. 启迪edification n.启发，教诲 instruction n.教育，知道7.grip n.紧张；v.抓eg. I have read a gripping story.我刚读了一篇扣人心弦的故事。I have a sound grip of En

17、glish.我对英语掌握的很熟。8. improvise vt. 临时作成（抽象词）eg. improvise speech /a poem/a painting 即兴发言 / 做诗 / 做画9. sedulously adv.孜孜不倦地近义 diligent adj. 勤奋的 toiling adj. 勤奋的industrious adj. 勤勉的 assiduous adj. 勤勉的backbreaking adj. 辛劳的 painstaking adj. 辛劳的，辛苦的10. gratify vt.使满意联想 gratitude n. 满意，感激 satisfied adj.感到满足的

18、 pleased adj.满意的cater to 满足，迎合eg. It is gratifying to learn English. 学英语是一件令人很兴奋的事。11. caprice n.任性联想 capricious adj. 反复无常的 changeable adj. 善变的fickle adj.（脾气）无常的，易变的 impulse n. 冲动 12. satiation n.满足联想 satiate v.满足 satiable adj.可满足的 insatiable adj. 不可满足的eg. I just saw there is an article in Newsweek

19、that many officials in many countries are insatiable.我刚才在新闻周刊里看到一篇文章里说很多小国家的官员都贪得无厌。13. avenge vt.替报复eg. avenge my comrade in arms 为我的战友报仇avenge myself on the enemy 我向敌人报复14. appetite n.欲望近义 lust / thirst / hunger 渴望用法 appetite/ lust / thirst / hunger for sth.对有强烈欲望eg. He has strong appetite for fam

20、e. 他对名声充满了渴望。15. favoured adj. 受到偏爱的用法play favourites with sb. 对某人很偏爱eg. The mother plays favourites with her elder son. 妈妈对大儿子比较偏爱。16. absorbing adj.引人入胜的联想gripping adj.扣人心弦的 fascinating adj. 迷人的captivating adj.迷人的spell binding （念了咒语般）使人入迷的entertaining adj.令人愉快的17.banish vt.排除，放弃区别 banish 抽象的思想上的除去

21、，后面一般接 horror,worry 等。discard v.丢弃，放弃 ，后接具体事物，如furniture等。1. Worry is a spasm of the emotion ?憷镒?钴酝嬖?砺。2. It is useless to argue with the mind in this condition.1） agrue with ?2） the mind 指3） 人，而4） 不5） 是人脑.eg.Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同。3. One can only gently insinuate something else into its con

22、vulsive grasp.1)insinuate = to push 慢慢灌输2)its 指代minds3)grasp 抓住不放，这里指minds. 译我们只能对他温柔的灌输其他思想到他痉挛的脑子里。4. .，5. if it is really attended by the illumination ofthe process of recuperation and repair begins.1）attend vt.辅佐，辅助2）by 通过某种手段3）recuperation = recovery 恢复6. The cultivation of a hobby and new form

23、s of interest is therefore a policy of first importance to a public man.1） cultivation = to build up 培养，2） 建立2) therefore adv. 所以 (承接上文)3）policy ：method方法4）first importance 第一位的重要性5）public man ：go out to work;参与社会工作的人译 对一个公众人士来说，你需要培养兴趣爱好，这是至关重要的。7. The growth of alternative mental interests is a lo

24、ng process.1） alternative adj. 二中选一的alternative interests 替换型兴趣，指的是工作之外的兴趣译 替换型的智力兴趣的培养需要一个很长的过程。8. The seeds must be carefully chosen; they must fall on good ground; they must be sedulously tended, if the vivifying fruits are to be at hand when needed. （推荐记忆）此句用了一个暗喻metaphor(延伸：明喻simile)interests 比

25、喻为 seedsvivify vt.给与生气，生动，使活跃9. It is no use starting late in life to say：.论述句型： it is no using doingit is no point doing eg. it is no using crying over the spilt milk.覆水难收。10. It is no use doing what you like, you have got to like what you do.(推荐记忆)have got to 英= have to 诟译 只想做你想做的事是没用的，你必须喜欢你所做的事。

26、11. It is no use offering the manual labourer, tired out with a hard weeks sweat and effort, the chance of playing a game of football or baseball on Saturday afternoon.? offer sb.sth. 双宾语? sweat and effort 辛勤劳动? with = because of 因为，? 因为11. As for the unfortunate people. a new excitement is only an

27、additional satiation.as for.= about 谈及，关于additional satiation ：多余的满足12. For them discipline in one form or another is the most hopeful path. discipline：约束译对他们来说，生活有规律才有获得兴趣的可能。13.But fortunes favoured children belong to the second class.fortunes favoured children 天子骄子14. Each day is a holiday, and o

28、rdinary holidays when they come are grudged as enforced interruptions in an absorbing vocation.1) ordinary holidays 正常的假日2) grudge = regard with hatred 憎恶3) enforced 被迫地4) vocation天职/vacation 假期译每天都是假日，而且当正常的假日到来时，他们都把它当作对其投入的天职所实行的一种被迫的打搅。15. Yet to both classes the need of an alternative outlook,a

29、n alternative outlook 理解为这两类人的想法能够转换（替换）一下16. Indeed, it may well be that those whose work is their pleasure are those who most need the means of banishing it at intervals from their minds.1) it may well be that或许事情正是这样2) at intervals 不时，间隔一段时间3）banish = get rid of去除4) means = method ,way17. Catch hold of, 抓住；let go, 放掉。18. Lay ones hands on, 得到，19. 抓到。20. Fortunes favoured children 中的Fortune是指21. “命运女神”。