1、六级真题2008年12月大学英语六级考试真题一、将自己的校名、姓名、准考证号写在答题卡1和答题卡2上,将本试卷代号划在答题卡2上。二、试题册、答题卡1和答题卡2均不得带出考场,考试结束,监考员收卷后考生才可离开。三、仔细读懂题目的说明。四、在30分钟内做完答题卡1上的作文题。30分钟后,考生按指令启封试题册,在接着的15分钟内完成快速阅读理解部分的试题,然后监考员收取答题卡1,考生在答题卡2上完成其余部分的试题。全部答题时间为125分钟,不得拖延时间。五、考生必须在答题卡上作答,凡是写在试题册上的答案一律无效。六、多项选择题每题只能选一个答案;如多选,则该题无分。选定答案后,用HB-2B浓度的
2、铅笔在相应字母的中部划一横线。正确方法是:ABCD,使用其它符号答题者不给分。划线要有一定粗度,浓度要盖过字母底色。七、在考试过程中要注意对自己的答案保密。若被他人抄袭,一经发现,后果自负。全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How To Improve Students Mental Health?. You should write at least 150 words f
3、ollowing the outline given below.1.大学生的心理健康十分重要2.因此,学校可以3.我们自己应当How To Improve Students Mental Health?_Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.For qu
4、estions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For questions 8 -10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Supersize SurpriseAsk anyone why there is an obesity epidemic and they will tell you that its al down to eating too much and burning
5、too few calories. That explanation appeals to common sense and has dominated efforts to get to the root of the obesity epidemic and reverse it. Yet obesity researchers are increasingly dissatisfied with it. Many now believe that something else must have changed in our environment to precipitate(促成)
6、such dramatic rises in obesity over the past 40 years or so. Nobody is saying that the “big two” reduced physical activity and increased availability of food are not important contributors to the epidemic, but they cannot explain it all.Earlier this year a review paper by 20obesity experts set out t
7、he 7 most plausible alternative explanations for the epidemic. Here they are.1.Not enough sleep It is widely believed that sleep is for the brain, not the body. Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us fat?Several large-scale studies suggest there may be a link. People who sleep less
8、than 7 hours a night tend to have a higher body mass index than people who sleep more, according to data gathered by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Similarly, the US Nurses Health Study, which tracked 68,000 women for 16 years, found that those who slept an average of 5 hou
9、rs a night gained more weight during the study period than women who slept 6 hours, who in turn gained more than whose who slept 7.Its well known that obesity impairs sleep, so perhaps people get fat first and sleep less afterwards. But the nurses study suggests that it can work in the other directi
10、on too: sleep loss may precipitate weight gain.Although getting figures is difficult, it appears that we really are sleeping less. In 1960 people in the US slept an average of 8.5 hours per night. A 2002 poll by the National Sleep Foundation suggests that the average has fallen to under 7 hours, and
11、 the decline is mirrored by the increase in obesity.2. Climate controlWe humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty much constant regardless of whats going on in the world around us. We do this by altering our metabolic(新陈代谢的) rate, shivering or sweating. Keepi
12、ng warm and staying cool take energy unless we are in the “thermo-neutral zone”, which is increasingly where we choose to live and work. There is no denying that ambient temperatures(环境温度) have changed in the past few decades. Between 1970 and 2000, the average British home warmed from a chilly 13C
13、to 18C. In the US, the changes have been at the other end of the thermometer as the proportion of homes with air conditioning rose from 23% to 47% between 1978 and 1997. In the southern states where obesity rates tend to be highest the number of houses with air conditioning has shot up to 71% from 3
14、7% in 1978.Could air conditioning in summer and heating in winter really make a difference to our weight?Sadly,there is some evidence that it does-at least with regard to heating. Studies show that in comfortable temperatures we use less energy.3. Less smoking Bad news: smokers really do tend to be
15、thinner than the rest of us, and quitting really does pack on the pounds, though no one is sure why. It probably has something to do with the fact that nicotine is an appetite suppressant and appears to up your metabolic rate. Katherine Flegal and colleagues at the US National Center for Health Stat
16、istics in Hyattsville, Maryland, have calculated that people kicking the habit have been responsible for a small but significant portion of the US epidemic of fatness. From data collected around 1991 by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, they worked out that people who had quit
17、 in the previous decade were much more likely to be overweight than smokers and people who had never smoked .Among men, for example, nearly half of quitters were overweight compared with 37% of non-smokers and only 28%of smokers.4. Genetic effects Yours chances of becoming fat may be set, at least i
18、n part, before you were even born. Children of obese mothers are much more likely to become obese themselves later in life. Offspring of mice fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy are much more likely to become fat than the offspring of identical mice fed a normal diet. Intriguingly, the effect persi
19、sts for two or three generations. Grandchildren of mice fed a high-fat diet grow up fat even if their own mother is fed normally-so you fate may have been sealed even before you were conceived.5. A little olderSome groups of people just happen to be fatter than others. Surveys carried out by the US
20、national center for health statistics found that adults aged 40 to 79 were around three times as likely to be obese as younger people. Non-white females also tend to fall at the fatter end of the spectrum: Mexican-American women are 30% more likely than white women to be obsess, and black women have
21、 twice the risk. In the US, these groups account for an increasing percentage of the population. Between 1970 and 2000 the US population aged 35 to 44 grew by43%.the proportion of Hispanic-Americans also grew, from under 5% to 12.5% of the population, while the proportion of black Americans increase
22、d from 11% to12.3%.these changes may account in part for the increased prevalence of obesity.6. Mature mums Mothers around the world are getting older. in the UK, the mean age for having a first child is 27.3,compared with 23.7 in 1970 .mean age at first birth in the US has also increased, rising fr
23、om 21.4 in 1970 to 24.9 in 2000. This would be neither here nor there if it werent for the observation that having an older mother seems to be an independent risk factor for obesity. Results from the US national heart, lung and blood institutes study found that the odds of a child being obese increa
24、se 14% for every five extra years of their mothers age, though why this should be so is not entirely clear.Michael Symonds at the University of Nottingham, UK, found that first-born children have more fat than younger ones. As family size decreases, firstborns account for a greater share of the popu
25、lation. In 1964, British women gave birth to an average of 2.95 children; by 2005 that figure had fallen to 1.79. In the US in1976, 9.6% of woman in their 40s had only one child; in 2004 it was 17.4%. this combination of older mothers and more single children could be contributing to the obesity epi
26、demic.7. Like marrying like Just as people pair off according to looks, so they do for size. Lean people are more likely to marry lean and fat more likely to marry fat. On its own, like marrying like cannot account for any increase in obesity. But combined with othersparticularly the fact that obesi
27、ty is partly genetic, and that heavier people have more childrenit amplifies the increase form other causes.1. What is the passage mainly about?A) Effects of obesity on peoples health B) The link between lifestyle and obesity C) New explanations for the obesity epidemic D) Possible ways to combat th
28、e obesity epidemic2. In the US Nurse Health Study, women who slept an average of 7 hours a night_. A) gained the least weight B) were inclined to eat less C) found their vigor enhanced D) were less susceptible to illness3. The popular belief about obesity is that_.A) it makes us sleepy B) it causes
29、sleep loss C) it increases our appetite D) it results from lack of sleep4. How does indoor heating affect our life?A) it makes us stay indoors more B) it accelerates our metabolic rate C) it makes us feel more energetic D) it contributes to our weight gain5. What does the author say about the effect
30、 of nicotine on smokers?A) it threatens their health B) it heightens their spirits C) it suppresses their appetite D) it slows down their metabolism 6. Who are most likely to be overweight according to Katherine Fergals study? A) heavy smokers B) passive smokers C) those who never smoke D) those who
31、 quit smoking7. According to the US National Center for Health Statistics, the increased obesity in the US is a result of_.A) the growing number of smokers among young people B) the rising proportion of minorities in its population C) the increasing consumption of high-calorie foods D) the improving living standards of the poor people8. According to the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the reason why older mothers children tend to be obese remains _. 9. According to Michael Symonds, one
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