上海市上海交大附中学年高一上学期期末英语试题解析版.docx

1、上海市上海交大附中学年高一上学期期末英语试题解析版上海市上海交大附中2018-2019学年高一上学期期末英语试题1.A gingko tree _ to be around 3800 years old was recently discovered in Hebei Province.A. was believed B. that believed C. believed D. being believed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一棵被认为大约3800年树龄的银杏树近日在河北省被发现。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作后置定语，逻辑主语tree和believe之间是逻辑

2、上的被动关系，故用过去分词作定语，D项表示进行的动作，根据句意，故选C项。2._ almost my entire professional life researching black holes, I finally came up with a better understanding of them.A. Having spent B. Spending C. Spent D. To spend【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：已经花了我整个职业生涯来研究黑洞，我最终更加了解它们了。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语，spend和逻辑主语I之间是主动关系，故用现在分词，

3、又“花费整个职业生涯”发生在谓语动词came up with之前，故用现在分词的完成式形式having done，故选A项。3.By the time she _ home to Belgium three months later, her outlook _ completely.A. returnedchanged B. had returnedchangedC. had returnedhad changed D. returnedhad changed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：到她三个月之后从比利时回来的时候，她的观点已经完全改变了。由three months lat

4、er和语境判断第一空处用一般过去时；由by the time + 句子（一般过去时）主句用过去完成时，判断第二空处用过去完成时。故选D项。【点睛】本句考查by the time意为“到时候（为止）”的用法By the time是一个介词短语，在句中经常起连词的作用，引导时间状语从句，它的主要用法如下：如果从句的谓语动词是一般过去时，那么主句的谓语动词通常用过去完成时，例如：By the time he returned home, the rain had stopped.他到家时，雨已经停了。By the time I got to the station, the train had le

5、ft.我到车站时，火车已经离开了。如果从句的谓语动词是一般现在或现在完成时，主句谓语动词一般用将来完成时，例如：By the time you get back, I will have finished the work.你回来时，我已经完成工作了。By the time I graduate next year, I will have lived here for 5 years.明年我毕业时，我已经在这住了5年。4.The public is shocked at the news of that famous college _ all the students informatio

6、n _ to several private companies during the year of 2015-2017.A. havingto be sold B. to havesellingC. havingsold D. hadto sell【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：公众对那个著名大学的新闻感到震惊，该大学在2015-2017年间把学生的信息卖给几个私人公司。分析句子可知，第一空处是非谓语动词作后置定语，have和逻辑主语college之间是主动关系，故用现在分词having作定语；第二空处考查固定表达have sb./sth. done“让某人/某事被.”，其

7、中done是sb./sth.的补语，它们是逻辑上的被动关系。故选C项。【点睛】本题第二空考查have作为使役动词的用法have作为使役动词通常有以下三个用法：have sb. do sth. “让/请某人做某事”，宾语是宾语补足语所表示动作的执行者，但宾语补足语表示的动作却发生在have动作之后，即宾语补足语所表示的动作在当时尚未发生。例如：The soldiers had him stand with his back to his father.士兵们让这男孩背对他父亲站着。The teacher had us hand in our homework on time.老师让我们按时交作业

8、。have sb. / sth. doing sth多表示“让某人/某物处于做某事的状态”，此时have也可由keep来代替。例如：His parents had him staying at home all the time.他父母亲让他一直呆在家里。The night before the procession, the two cheats had their lights burning all night long.在举行游行的前一天夜里，那两个骗子让灯整夜亮3. have sth. done“让某人被”在此结构中，宾语与宾语补足语之间有着逻辑上的被动关系，所以宾语补足语一般由及物

9、动词的过去分词充当。To keep the enemy out of his empire, Emperor Qin Shihuang had all the walls joined up.为御敌于国门之外，秦始皇令人将所有的边墙连成一体。Mrs Smith had two of her teeth taken out last week.上个星期史密斯夫人请人拔掉她的两颗坏牙。5.The evidence means the family of Mr. Warrick is one step closer _ what happened to their son on that night

10、.A. to finding out B. to find out C. to be finding out D. finding out【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：这个证据意味着Mr. Warrick的家人离查明那晚他们的儿子发生了什么又更进一步了。此处考查短语be close to“靠近/接近”，其中to是介词，其后应接find out的动名词形式作宾语。故选A项。6._ by the new rule that was approved last month, the company is looking for a new way to expand their mar

11、ket share.A. Guiding B. Being guided C. To be guided D. Guided【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在上个月通过的新规则的指导下，这家公司正在寻找新的方法来拓展他们的市场份额。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语the company和guide之间是被动关系，故A项错误；且根据句意，动作先于谓语动词“is looking for”，表示被动完成，故用过去分词；being guided也是被动式，但是表示动作正在进行，故B项错误；to be guided是不定式的被动形式，表示动作没有发生。故C项错误。综上，故选

12、D项。7.Wouldnt you rather your child _ to bed early?A. go B. went C. would go D. goes【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：难道你不想你的孩子早点去睡觉？此处考查固定短语would rather sb. do sth.“宁愿某人做某事”，其中do作为sb.的补语，故选A项。8.Do you feel like you _ alone so that you cant care for someone else?A. are too used to being B. used to beingC. are t

13、oo used to be D. too used to being【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：你有没有觉得你太习惯于一个人独处，因此你不关心其他任何人？此处考查短语be used to doing sth.“习惯于做某事”，故选A项。【点睛】本句考查关于used的短语，used to do/be过去常常做/曾经是，be used to (doing) sth.习惯于（做）某事，be used to do被用来做，例如：I used to walk to school.我过去步行去上学。She used to be a waitress, but now she is a f

14、amous writer.她曾经是一个服务员，但现在她是一个著名的作家。He is used to the traffic rules of England.他习惯英国的交通规则。We are used to getting up early to run.我们习惯于早起跑步。The machine is used to remove the snow.这机器被用来除雪。9.They _ by air this morning for all flights were canceled due to the heavy fog.A. shouldnt have left B. mustnt h

15、ave left C. cant have left D. might not have left【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：他们今天早上不可能是坐飞机离开的，因为，由于大雾所有的航班都取消了。A. shouldnt have left本不应该做某事；B. mustnt have left(无此表达)；C. cant have left过去不可能做某事；D. might not have left过去可能没做某事。根据句意可知，此处考查对过去情况的否定推测，其表达为cant/couldnt have done，故选C项。【点睛】本题考查情态动词表示推测一般我们把推测句分为两种

16、，肯定推测和否定推测，肯定推测用must，否定推测用cant，具体用法如下：对现在情况的肯定推测用must do/be/be doing，对过去情况的肯定推测用must have done，例如：That must be my math teacher, for he likes wear a blue hat.那肯定是我的数学老师，应为他喜欢带一顶蓝色的帽子。It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.昨晚肯定下过雨，因为地面是湿的。对现在情况的否定推测用cant be/ do/ be doing，对过去情况的否定推测用cant

17、/couldnt have done，例如：This wallet cant belong to you, because yours is red, but this one is pink.这只钱包不能属于你，因为你的红色，而这只是粉色。He cant/couldnt have attended the meeting yesterday, for he and his family had gone to Paris. 他昨天不可能参加了会议，因为他和家人已经去了巴黎。10._ this entirely new, cutting-edge design in the latest mo

18、del of our car, we have repeatedly tested and demonstrated its feasibility.A. Including B. Included C. Being included D. To include【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了把这个全新的、尖端的设计囊括在我们最新的车的模型中，我们已经反复测试和证明它的可能性。结合句意和句子结构可知，此处应用不定式作目的状语，故选D项。11._ in the battle this morning, we sent the soldier to hospital in a

19、hurry.A. Being badly wounded B. Since he was badly woundedC. Badly wounded D. Since badly wounded【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查状语从句。句意：因为他在今天早上的战役中受了严重的伤，我们迅速把这个战士送往医院。结合句子结构和句意可知，本句考查since引导的原因状语从句；因为“受伤”这个动作和句子主语we之间没有任何逻辑上的关系，故不能使用非谓语动词，故选B项。12.Get yourself _ more, and always let everything you do _ as if it ma

20、kes a difference.A. to achievedone B. to achievingdoneC. to achieveto done D. to achievingto be done【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：让自己取得更大的成就，让你所做的每一件事情都有所不同。第一空处考查固定表达get sb. to do sth.“让某人做某事”，其中to do是sb.的补语；第二空处考查非谓语作宾补，逻辑主语everything和do之间是被动关系，故用过去分词作宾补，故选A项。13.He was lying on the grass, his hands _ un

21、der his head.A. crossed B. being crossed C. crossing D. were crossed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查独立主格。句意：他躺在草地上，双手交叉枕在头下。分析句子可知，此处是独立主格结构作为状语，故设空处应用非谓语动词，his hand和cross之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词，故选A项。【点睛】本题考查独立主格结构独立主格结构由两部分组成，前一部分是名词或代词，后一部分是非谓语动词、形容词、副词、名词或介词短语，前后两部分具有逻辑主谓关系。独立主格结构在句中作状语，通常表时间、原因、条件、伴随目的和状态等，例如：The mee

22、ting being over, we went home.（表时间）会议结束，我们回家了。The condition being favorable, he may succeed.（表条件）如果条件有利，他会成功。There being no taxis, we had to walk.（表原因）没有出租车，我们只能步行。He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head.（表伴随）他躺在草地上，双手交叉枕在头下。14.Who is knocking at the door? _ it be your guest?A. C

23、an B. Shall C. May D. Must【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意：是谁在敲门？可能是你的客人吗？A. Can能够；B. Shall将要；C. May可能；D. Must必须，一定。结合句意可知，此处考查情态动词may表不太确定的推测，意为“可能”，故选C项。15.Making decisions _ by personal emotions creates an unhealthy work environment that harms the success of the supervisor, the employee, and the organizati

24、on.A. being driven B. having been driven C. driven D. driving【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在个人情感驱使下所做出的决定会造成一个不健康的工作环境，它对管理者、员工和组织的成功有害。分析句子可知，此处是非谓语动词作后置定语。making decisions和drive之间是逻辑上的被动关系，过去分词表示被完成，强调动作是被动；having been driven是现在分词完成式的被动形式，表示被完成，但是强调时间先于谓语动词，；being driven是现在分词的被动形式，表示动作在进行；结合句意可知，此处表示被动，

25、用过去分词。故选C项。16.This hand-decorated plate, _ 14 inches _, with seven blooming flowers in the middle, is said to be a gift from King Alexandra.A. measuredacross B. measuringacrossC. measuredbroad D. measuringbroad【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个手工装饰的盘子据说是来自国王亚历山大的礼物，宽14英寸，中间有14朵盛开的花。分析句子可知此处应用非谓语动词作状语，又measu

26、re是不及物动词，故用现在分词作状语；across和broad都可以放在距离量度后，意为“宽”，但一般指盘子、庭院等的宽度用across，指河流、街道、道路等的宽度两者都可以，故选B项。17.Although there is still some time, the researchers are doing all they can _ the problem facing the local citizens.A. to solve B. to solving C. solve D. solving【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管仍然还有一些时间，研究者们正在进他们所

27、能来解决当地市民面临的问题。此处考查固定结构do all sb. can to do sth.“尽某人所能做某事”，其中不定式是目的状语，故选A项。【点睛】本句考查固定句型do all/ everything /what sb can to do sth.“尽某人所能做某事”，can后省略了do，to do是目的状语。当用all和everything时，其实是定语从句省略了关系代词that，其完整表达是do all/everything that sb. can do to do sth.，使用what时，其实是what引导的宾语从句，其完整表达是do what sb. can do to d

28、o sth.，例如：We should do all we can to protect the environment.我们要尽我们所能来保护环境。You must do what you can to handle the problem.你必须尽你所能来解决这个问题。18.It is believed that many Christmas traditions _ Germany.A. was originated in B. originated in C. originating in D. was originating in【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意：人们认为很多

29、圣诞节的传统起源于德国。分析句子可知，此处是主语从句的谓语动词，动作“originate”发生在过去，故用一般过去时，且主语traditions与originate in是主动关系，故选B项。19._ discussing the issue with our professor, we thought of several ways to handle it.A. During B. On C. In D. At【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查介词。句意：在和教授讨论这个问题期间，我们想到了很多解决它的方法。A. During在期间；B. On在上；C. In在里；D. At在。结合句意可知，

30、此处是指在讨论的过程中，用“在期间”符合语境，故选A项。20._, the investor always intends to create output, to increase productivity, and to make money.A. Whatever the case B. However is the caseC. Whatever is the case D. However the case it is【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：无论情况如何，投资者总是倾向于创造产出，提高生产力，获得利润。A. Whatever the case(无此表达)；B

31、. However is the case(无此表达)；C. Whatever is the case(无此表达)；D. However the case it is(无论是什么情况)。此处考查从句的语序，所有从句都应是陈述句语序，选项中符合陈述句语序的只有However the case it is，故选D项。21.Many traditions are connected with Christmas. For children, the most important one is _ of receiving gifts.A. one B. that C. the ones D. it【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查代词。句意：很多传统都和圣诞节有关。对于孩子来说，最重要的是可以收到礼物的那个。A. one一；B. that那个；C. the ones；one的复数，表示特指；D. it它。结合句意可知，此处应用代词代指traditions中的一个，又由of receiving gifts判断