国际实物配送outcome2.docx

1、国际实物配送outcome2国际实物配送outcome2Technical report 1- International Transport ModesTable International transport modesModeTotal mode costCost per pallet Transit timeMode advantagesMode disadvantagesSea62024.87 days1.lowest expense of freight.2. large quantities.3.long distance1.slowest2.vulnerable to bad

2、weather3.less punctual4.high riskAir12652534 hours1.improve efficiency operations2.increase security3.use information technology4.faster speed1.high total cost2.the weight limit3.not too far from the airportRail1275512 days1.large capacity2.relatively punctual3.economical4.relatively high speed5.les

3、s prone to interruptions by proo wether1.confined to railroad2.less flexibleDirect road135067.53 days1.better for short-shipped2.flxible and convenient1.small capacity2.high transport cost3.high rate of good s damage4.disrupted by weatherMulti-mode118547.47 days and 18hours1.reduce handing of cargo2

4、.permit door-to-door service3.reduce the risk of pilferage with subsequent savings on insurance premiums4.quicker transit times5.enable the quotation of through rates to the distance1.investment cost are high2.not all cargo is suitable for containersationThe Explanation of DataSea: the total cost is

5、 620, this is because of the sea transport is 40ft container carrying 25 pallets and the price is 620 per container.Cost per pallet= total mode cost/ pallet, thus the cost per pallet= 620/25= 24.8. The transit time is 7 days in the basic data.Air: the total cost is 1265, this is because of the air w

6、ill be by airplane cargo hold , at maximum of five pallet and the price is 1265 per 5 pallets. Cost per pallet=total mode cost /pallet, thus the cost per pallet=1265/5=253. The transit time is 4 hours.Rail: Cost per pallet=total mode cost/pallet. Thus the cost per pallet=1275/25=51. The transit time

7、 is 2 days. the total mode cost is 1275, this is due to that the rail transport will be by 40ft container carrying 25 pallets, thus the price is 1275.Direct road: the total mode cost equal to 1350, the price is 1350 per flat bed container lorry and the direct road will be by curtain side rigid lorry

8、 carrying 20 pallets. Thus the total mode cost is 1350. Cost per pallet=total mode cost/pallet, thus the cost per pallet=1350/20=67.5, the transmit time is 3 days.Multi-mode: first of all, the price is 125 from the Milan Glass Works to Genoa Calata , add the sea mode 620 and the rail cost 295 ,then,

9、 add the road form Coatbridge Railport to Kirriemuir Bottling, the cost is 145. Thus Total mode cost=125+620+295+145=1185. Total pallet= 25. The total mode cost = 1185/25=47.4. The time =6 hours+7days+5 hours+7 hours=7 days and 18 hours. the total cost equal to 1185.Technical report 2- Consignment d

10、elivery termsTable- Incoterms and their definitionInitialIncotermDescriptionEXWEx Works (named place of delivery)The buyer is responsible for uploading. This term places the maximum obligation on the buyer and minimum obligation on the seller. The Ex Works term is often used when making an initial q

11、uotation for the sale of goods without any costs included. EXW means that a seller has the goods ready for collection at his premises on the data greet upon. The buyer pays all transportation costs and also bears the risks for bringing the goods to their final destination. The seller doesnt load the

12、 goods on collecting vehicles and doesnt clear them for export.FCAFree Carrier (named place of delivery)A trade term requiring the seller to deliver goods to a named airport, terminal, or other place where the carrier operates. Cost for transportation and risk of loss transfer to the buyer after del

13、iver to the carrier. The seller fulfils his obligation to deliver when he has handed the goods over, cleared for export, into the charge of the carrier named by the buyer at the named place. When used in trade terms, the word “free” means the seller has an obligation to deliver goods to a named plac

14、e for transfer to carrier. CPTCarriage Paid to (named place of destination)The risk of damage or loss to the goods being transported is transferred from the seller to the buyer as soon as the goods have been delivered to the carrier. The seller is responsible only for arranging freight to the destin

15、ation, and not for insuring the goods shipment when it is being transported. It has been designed to suit the needs of modem business.CIPCarriage and Insurance Paid to (named place of destination)It refers to that the seller deliver the goods to the carrier or first carrier and pay for the carriage

16、of goods up to the named place of destination. Meanwhile, the seller must obtain the insurance for the goods while it transit. After the seller deliver the goods to the carrier, the risk will transmit to buyer.DATDelivered at Terminal (named place of destination)It means the seller covers all the co

17、sts of transport such as the export fees, carriage, unloading from main carrier at destination port and destination port charges.meanwhile, it must assumes all risk until destination port or terminal. The terminal can be a Port, Airport, or inland freight interchange. Import duty/taxes/customs costs

18、 are to be borne by Buyer. The risk is transmit to buyer when the buyer control the goods.DAPDelivered at place (named place of destination)Refers to the seller to ship the goods within the specified destination, need to prepare for unloading without unloading the complete delivery term referring to

19、 the arrival of vehicles including ships, including destination port, the seller shall bear all costs and risks of the goods shipped to the specified destination and charges(except import charges) this term applies to any mode of transportation and milti-mode transport by sea.DDPDelivered Duty Paid

20、(named place of destination)It means the Seller is responsible for delivering the goods to the named place in the country of the buyer, and pays all costs in bringing the goods to the destination including import duties and taxes. The seller is not responsible for unloading. When the seller complete

21、 the deliver in the named place of destination, the risk transmit to buyer. This term places the maximum obligations on the seller and minimum obligations on the buyerExplanation:Incoterms 2010is the eighth set of pre-defined international contract terms published by theInternational Chamber of Comm

22、erce. It include 11 terms, such as the EXW, FCA, FAS,FOB,CFR,CIF,CPT,CIP,DAP,DAT and DDP. These terms improve the efficiency of international trade and simplify the process and stages. The previous version, the rules are divided into four categories, but 11 incoterms 2010 predefined terms based on t

23、he delivery method only can be divided into two categories. The rules of a larger group of seven (g7) can be informs The chopped of The method of transmission, and a small group of four applies only to The sales, only involves The transport of water can verify The condition of The goods The loaded o

24、n board The ship. They therefore is not 2 for container transportation.Table Allocations of cost buyer/seller according to Incoterms 2010Explanation:EXW is ex factory (place of delivery). Where the words biggest obligation to the buyer and the sellers minimum obligations. The buyer will pay the cost

25、 of many parts, such as the export declaration, transportation, port of export, etc.FCA is free carrier (designated place of delivery), the seller is responsible for the shipment, the carrier of the buyer, the buyer is responsible for unloading and loading the goods to the carrier. When the goods de

26、livered to the carrier, the risk will transfer the buyer.The CPT is carriage paid to (destination) is responsible for the origin of the shipper cost includes transportation export customs clearance and freight named place (usually a destination port or airport). The shipper is not responsible for de

27、livery to the final destination (usually the buyers facilities), or to buy insurance.CIP is the freight and insurance paid to (designated destination), the seller is responsible for most, such as the export customs declaration form, loading and unloading charges at the port of import and export. Ins

28、urance is the responsibility of the seller. The buyer is responsible for the import customs clearance and tax. The seller pays for most.The delivery DAT is terminal (designated destination), the seller is to cover all shipping costs such as export charges, transportation, unloading from the main car

29、rier at the port of destination and the destination port cost. The buyer is responsible for the import customs clearance and tax. The seller pays for most.Bounce is (specify the destination of delivery), the seller is responsible for arranging transportation and delivery of goods, from traffic tools

30、 ready at discharge, at the specified place. The buyer is responsible for the import customs clearance and tax. The seller pays for most.DDP delivery duty paid (designated destination), the seller is responsible for the goods sent to the designated place in China buyers, the goods to the destination

31、 and pay all fees including import duties and taxes. Where the words largest responsibility on the seller and the buyer minimum obligation.3.0 Technical report 3-Consolidation and groupage arrangementsChart Consolidation and groupage arrangements Definition ofGroupageTo fill a whole box of goods rec

32、eipts. This kind of goods usually by the carrier, respectively, inland freight and in container freight station or freight station, and then will be more than two ticket cargo in a container, also want to stand at the destination of inland container depot or devanning delivery respectively. For this king of goods, the carrier should afford to boxing and unboxing operations, loading