八年级上册英语第二单元.docx

1、八年级上册英语第二单元How often do you exercise?知识点一：How often do you exercise本句为一般现在时的特殊疑问句How often 意为“_”，是用于提问表示_的特殊疑问词组。其答语为表示_的副词或副词词组。句子的时态一般是_，也可以是一般过去时。回答一般是用表示频率的副词，如：once, twice, three times, sometimes, often, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three o

2、r four times a month等。 如：他们通常在周末锻炼吗？_they often _on weekends?她一周上三次网吗？_she_the Internet twice a week?补充：how often / how long / how soon / how far1）how often: “隔多久一次”，指动作的频率，答语常用often, never, twice a week等表示频率的副词或短语。（用于一般现在时或一般过去时）例1）How often do you go to the movies?例2）Once a week. / I never go to t

3、he movies.2）how long:1)“（延续）多长时间”，答语常用for时间段或since时间点。（用于各种时态）； 2)询问物体的长度。例1）How long is the Yellow River?例2）How long have you learned English?例3）I have learned it for 5 years.例4）I have learned it since 5 years ago.3)how soon:“还要多久才，多久以后”，答语常用“in时间段”。（用于一般将来时） 例1）How soon will she come back? 例2）Shel

4、l come back in an hour.4）how far:“多远”，询问距离。例1）Can you tell me how far it is from here to your home? 例2）How far is it from your home to our school?Its 2 kilometers away. 注：一般现在时态在一般现在时的一般疑问句中，当主语为第三人称复数或单数时，需要在句子前加助动词Do或Does.句型转换：1）I usually go shopping on weekends.(变为一般疑问句)_you usually_shopping on w

5、eekends?2)She often helps with housework at home.(同上)_she often_with housework?3)They visit their grandparents once a month.(提问)_ _ _ they visit their grandparents?4)She always watch TV after dinner.(提问)_ _ _she _TV after dinner?5)Maybe your mother is in the kitchen.(改为同义句)Your mother_ _in the kitch

6、en.填空：1）你通常在周末干什么？_ _ you_do on weekends?2)我总是去运动。I_ _.3）他们总是在周末做什么事情？_ _they _on weekends?4）他们经常帮助做家务。They_ _with housework.5)她在周末做什么？What_she _on weekends?6）她有时候去购物。She_ _ _.7)你多久去看一次电影？_ _do you go to the_?我可能一个月去看一次。I go to movies _ _a_.8）他多久看一次电视？_ _does he watch TV?他几乎不看电视。He_ _watches TV.9)他去

7、购物吗？_ _go shopping?知识点二：频度副词1.写出下列频率副词总是_ 通常_ 经常_ 有时_ 几乎不_从不_2、写出下列表示频率的副词短语每 天：_ 一周一次：_一周两次：_ 一周三次：_一月一次：_ 一月两次：_ 3、你知道频率副词的位置在哪儿吗？将下列词组成句子。(1)is late always he for school ._.(2)homework Gina school does often at _.总结：1.定义表示._常用的频度副词按频率发生的高低依次为._如：He hardly never exercises.他几乎从不锻炼。注意：表示具体的次数、频率时，一次

8、用_，两次用_twice，三次及以上用“_”表示。翻译：我每周踢两次足球。_她每周看四次电视。_2.在句中的位置1）一般放在实义动词前，be动词、助动词、情态动词之后。如：我们从来不吃垃圾食品。_I can hardly say a word._他有时很忙。_2）有些频度副词也可位于句首，但表示不同的含义sometimes常用于句首，和位于句中区别不大。如：Sometimes Jack plays computer games.often用于句首时，通常表示强调，且其前一般有quite,very修饰。如：Very often he goes online.他上网很经常。usually有时也可用

9、于句首，其前不用修饰语。如：Usually my father gets up early.always一般不用于句首，但可用于祈使句中。如：Always remember this.请时刻记住这一点。补充：1.注意sometimes与几个形似的词的区别。（1） sometime是副词，意为“在某个时候”，“某时”例：Will you come again sometime next week?（2）some time是名词词组，意为“一段时间”，做时间状语用例：I will stay here for some time.我将在这呆一段时间。（3）some times是名词词组，意为“几次，

10、几倍”例：I met him some times in the street last month.上个月我在街上遇到他好几次了。（4）sometimes 是频度副词，意为“有时”=at times 例：He sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends.他有时周末去滑滑板。2.time意为“时间”时，为_名词。意为“次数，倍数”时，为_名词，例1：What time is it? 例2：I go to the movies three times a week.注意：1）“次数”的表达方法：一次once；两次twice；三次或三次以上用基数词加上time

11、s：three times、five times、one hundred times.表示“几次”的表达方法是： once a day/ a week/ a month/ a year twice a day/ a week/ a month/ a year3.hard / hardly1）hard: hard既可作形容词，也可作副词。adj. 辛苦的，困难的adv. 努力，使劲地例1：He had a hard (adj.)time in the past.例2：Its a hard (adj.) question. (=difficult)这是一个难的问题。 例3：The boy stud

12、ies very hard (adv.). 那男孩学习非常努力 例4：He works hard. 他努力工作。 结构：Its hard for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说是难的。如： 例：Its hard for him to finish the work. 完成那项工作对他来说很难。注意区分：hard work 困难的工作 work hard 努力工作 2）hardly:hardly是频度副词，表示否定的意思。（=almost not）通常用在形容词、副词和动词之前。hardly: adv. 几乎不，简直不 例1）I can hardly see it.我几乎看不到它。

13、例2）He hardly works. 他几乎不工作。 反意疑问句：It hardly rains here, does it? 3）对频度副词提问时，用特殊疑问词how often。如：-How often do you exercise?-Hardly ever.几乎从不。选择题：（1）_ do you do your homework? - Every day. A.When B. How often C. How many times D. What time（2） I visit my grandparents _a month. A. two times B. second tim

14、e C. the second time D. Twice（3）John,_do you visit your grandparents? A.how long B.how soon C.how often D.how much（4）Do you like seeing a movie on your mobile phone? No.I_do that because it makes me uncomfortable.A.seldom B.often C.usually D.sometimes(5)I_watch this TV program.It is very interesting

15、. A.often B.never C.hardly D.seldom知识点三：小组讨论并回答下列问题 读课文（P13），小组合作回答下列问题1.How many percent of the students do not exercise at all?2.How many percent of the students use the Internet every day?3.How often do most students watch TV?What do they usually watch?4.What does the writer think is the best way

16、 to relax?Why?5.Do you think the students at No.5 are healthy?Why or why not?补充：1.句型“It is+adj.+(for sb)to do sth.和“It is+adj.+(of sb)to do sth.区别 两个句型中，for sb和of sb怎么区别，在使用时要注意adj是说明sb的品质特点的还是说明to do sth的就可以了.即：说明sb的品质特点用of sb;说明to do sth用for sb.，简单一句话说就是：说人的用of sb.；说事的用for sb。 1）for sb.常用于表示事物的特征特

17、点,表示客观形式的形容词，如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,important ,impossible等;如：对他来说学两门外语是很难的。_2）of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。如： 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。_例:It is difficult for him to finish the task within two hours.(difficult 说明完成任务难)It is kind of you to help me.(kind说明

18、你善良) 2.percent做主语时，谓语动词的数要根据其后面的名词来确定。如：50%的苹果都坏了。_（Fifty percent of the apples are bad.）3.across与through区别 across为“横穿”，与“道路”交叉形成“十字”，即：从物体表面经过，如：过河、过桥、过马路。 而through为在立体空间中的“穿过”即：从物体内部经过，如：穿过森林、隧道_ 如：“穿过森林”_ “穿过大街”_ 4. every day与everyday区别 1）every day作状语，译为“每一天”。 如：我们每天7：10去上学。_ I decide to read Eng

19、lish every day. _2）everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。 如：她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。_ 5.Whats your everyday activity?你的日常活动是什么？ 6.stay up与stay up late区别 1）stay up “熬夜、不睡觉” 如：他熬了一整夜写他的小说。_2）stay up late“熬夜到很晚，迟睡” 如：Dont stay up late next time.下次不要再熬夜很晚了。任务型阅读:Childhood is the time of fun and games. Playing games teaches childr

20、en how to get on with others, and it also helps exercise the mind and the body. However, children today spend too much time in front of the computer.A new survey found that American children between 8 and 12 spend at least 13 hours a week playing computer games. Boys of this age spend almost 16 hour

21、s a week. It brings many problems.One is that those children might have difficulty talking with real people and solving (解决) problems, because they do not practice the skills when sitting alone at a computer.Another problem is about health. Sitting for hours without doing any exercise is very unheal

22、thy.Next, many children spend more time on computer games than their homework. They might get lower points at school.Finally, maybe they can become addicted (痴迷的).A 28-year-old man spent about 50 hours on online games without sleeping or eating well. He died at last while gaming!Computer games shoul

23、d not be done too much. Playing them too much is dangerous.Information Card61.Playing games can help children exercise_62.American boys of 8 to 12 play computer games_a week.63.Playing computer games can cause (导致) at least_problems according to the passage.64.The 28-year-old man_at last.65.Playing

24、too much computer games is not_and even dangerous.知识点四：重要句子翻译：1.“What do you usually do on weekends?”_“ I usually play soccer.”_Eg1)What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies._Eg2)What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes go hiking._2.“Whats your favorite program?”“Its An

25、imal World.”_4.As for homework , most students do homework every day .解析：as for.意思是“_”，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式（即动名词）。 如：至于他，我永远不希望在这里见到。_As for the story，youd better not believe it._As for myself, I dont want to go now. _As for the man, I know nothing about him._5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00

26、 and play ping-pong with her .解析：want to do sth. 意思是“_”；want sb. to do sth.意思是“_”。如： Eg1)你想和我一起去看电影吗？_Eg2)The teacher doesnt want us to eat hamburgers._注意：有很多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语，如： ask sb. to do sth.叫某人做某事tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人去做某事help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事6. She says its good for my health. 解析：b

27、e good for.表示“_”；其反义为：be bad for.。（这里for 是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词）如：Its good for us to do more reading. 多读书对我们有好处。Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。7. How many hours do you sleep every night?_8. I exercise every day , usually when I come home from school ._9. My eating habits are pretty good ._解析：这里pretty相当于very 。10. I try to eat a lot of vegetables , usually ten to eleven times a week .解析：try to do sth.表示“ 尽力做某事 ” ，不包含是否成功的意思try doing sth.表示“（用某一办法）试着去做某事”。如:Youd better