Extra Passage泛读三汇总.docx

1、Extra Passage泛读三汇总Extra Passage 1 Imagine a classroom where the instructors speak a foreign language and the students cant take notes, turn to a textbook, or ask any questions. Yet at the end of the final exam, one participation may face life in jail or even death. Thats the task handed to American

2、juniors, briefly thrown together to decide accused criminals fate. In “ A Trial by Jury” ，Princeton history professor D. Graham Burnett offers a rare glimpse inside jury deliberations at a New York murder trial where he served as foreman last year. According to the prosecutor, the case seems clear-c

3、ut; a sexual encounter between two men went awry. The defendant stabbed his victim 26 times, but claims he acted in self-defense, killing a man who was attempting to rape him. Burnett opens with a graphic description of the crime. He then introduces the characters and walks readers through the 10-da

4、y trial. You hear the testimony of witnesses dressed in drag and find yourself put off by a growling prosecutor and the judges indifference. Most of the drama, though, comes during four days and three nights of deliberations. Once retreated in the jury room, confusion reigns. Most jurors dont unders

5、tand the charges or the meaning of self-defense. Uninterested juror seem more concerned about missing appointments. On the third day, one juror runs to bathroom in tears after exchanging curses. By the final day, nearly, every cries. Though hes no more familiar with the law than the other jurors, wh

6、o include a vacuum-cleaner repairman and a software developer, its fitting that Burnett is a teacher. For us, he serves as a patient instructor, illustrating with his experience just what a remarkable and sometimes remarkably strange duty serving on a jury can be. For many citizens, jury duty is the

7、ir first exposure to our justice system. Jurors discover first hand the gap between law and justice. They face two flawed versions of the same event, offered by witnesses they may not believe. As Burnett observers, “We expect much of this room, and we think about it less often than we probably shoul

8、d.” We assume jurors will take their job seriously. We expect them to digest complicated definitions that leave lawyers confused. But as Burnett quickly discovers, jurors receive little help. The judge offers them no guidance about how to conduct themselves and races through his delivery of the murd

9、er charges. Only within the past decade have we finally abandoned the misconception that jurors naturally reach the right decision without any assistance. Led by Arizona, states have instituted jury reforms as simple as letting jurors take notes or obtain written copies of their instruction. Its not

10、 clear whether these changes improve the quality of justice, but the reforms certainly ensure that jurors leave their tour of duty with better feelings about the experience. Unfortunately, such reforms hadnt come yet to New York at the times of this trial. Nonetheless, Burnett and his fellow jurors

11、grope toward their own solution, ultimately reaching what he describes as an “avowedly imperfect” result.1. The focal point of “ A Trial by Jury” seems to be on_.A) the presentation of a series of measures aimed to reform the jury systemB) the description of the writers experience on a typical juryC

12、) the reporting of a special lawsuit and the comment on itD) the jury system can not do justice to the accused 2. The point the author intends to make by employing the analogy in the first paragraph is that _.A) students should never be taken by surpriseB) jurors are not qualified for reaching a ver

13、dictC) jurors often make mistakes in their decisionD) the jury system can not do justice to the accused3. The description of what happened inside the jury room seems to suggest that_.A) better-educated people should be selected as jurorsB) jurors should keep their heads cool and try not to be sentim

14、entalC) there is much room for reaching an arbitraryD) the judge should have given the jurors clear instruction about what to do 4. The objective of the jury reforms is to _.A）improve of the quality of justiceB）give juror reassuring feeling about the experience in courtC）help jurors to reach an avow

15、edly perfect verdictD）enable jurors to abandon some misconceptions about law and justiceExtra Passage 2 Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are excessively concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoug

16、hts are constantly occurring in their minds. What kind of impression am I making? Do they like me?Do I wound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people adversely. A persons self-concept is reflected id reflected in the way he or she be

17、haves, and the way a person behaves affects other peoples reactions. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.Shy people, having low self-esteem, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others. They need reassurance that they are d

18、oing “ the right thing”. Shy people are very sensitive to criticism; they feel it confirm their inferiority. They also find it difficulty to be pleased by compliments because they believe they are unworthy of praise. A shy person may respond to a compliment with a statement like this one, “Youre jus

19、t saying that to make me feel good. I know its not true.”. It is clear that,while selfawareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful.Can shyness be completely eliminated, or at least reduced? Fortunately,people can overcome shyness with determined and patient effort in building self-confide

20、nce. Since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self-esteem, it is important for people to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths.For example, most people would like to be “A” student in every subjects. It is not fair for them to label themselves inferior became they have difficulty in

21、 some areas. Peoples expectations of themselves must be realistic.Living on the impossible leads to a sense of inadequacy.Each one of us is a unique,worth individual. We are interested in our own personal ways.The better we understand ourselves, the easier it become to live up to our full potential.

22、 Lets not allow shyness to block our chances for chances for a rich and fulfilling life.1The first paragraph is mainly about_. A) the characteristics of shy people B) the cause of shyness C) the questions in the minds of shy people D) the effect of shyness on people2According to the writer, self-awa

23、reness is_ A) harmful to people B) a weak point of shy people C) the cause of unhappiness D) a good quality3What is the shy peoples reaction to compliment? A)They are pleased by it. B) They feel it is not true. C)They are very sensitive to it. D) They feel it confirms their inferiority.4Which of the

24、 following statements is TRUE? A)Shyness helps us to live up to our full potential. B)Shyness enables us to understand ourselves better. C)Shyness blocks our chances for a rich life. D)Shyness has nothing to do with lack of self-esteem.5We can infer from the passage that the writer is _ A)a shy pers

25、on B)a realistic person C)a sensitive person D)a reserved personExtra Passage 3 There are two types of people in the world. Although they have equal degrees of health and wealth and wealth and the other comforts of life, one becomes happy, the other becomes miserable. This arises from the different

26、ways in which they consider things, persons and events, and the resulting effects upon their minds.The people who are to be happy fix their attention on the conveniences of things, the pleasant parts of conversation, the well-prepared dishes, the goodness of the wines, the fine weather. They enjoy a

27、ll the cheerful things. Those who are to be unhappy think and speak only of the contrary things. Therefore, they are continually discontented. By their remarks, they sour the pleasures of the society, offend many people, and mark themselves disagreeable everywhere. If this turn of mind were founded

28、in nature, such unhappy persons would be the more to be pitied. The tendency to criticize and be disgusted is perhaps taken up originally by imitation. It grows into a habit, unknown to its possessors. The habit may be strong , but it may be cured when those who have it are convinced of its bad effe

29、cts on their interests and tastes. I hope this little warning may be of service to them, and help them change this habit.Although in fact it is chiefly an act of the imagination, it has serious consequences in life, since it brings on deep sorrow and bad luck. Those people offend many other, nobody

30、loves them, and no one treats them with more than the most common politeness and respect, and scarcely that. This frequently puts them in bad temper and draws them into arguments. If they aim at obtaining some advantage in rank or fortune, nobody wishes them success. Nor will anyone stir a step or s

31、peak a work to favour their hopes. If they bring on themselves public disapproval, no one will defend or excuse them, and many will join to criticize their misconduct. These people should change this bad habit and condescend to be pleased with what is pleasing, without worrying needlessly about them

32、selves and others. If they do not, it will be good for others to avoid any contact with them. Otherwise, it can be disagreeable and sometimes very inconvenient, especially when one becomes mixed up in their quarrels.1.People who are unhappy_.A. always consider things differently from others.B. usually are influenced by the results of certain thingsC. can discover the unpleasant part of certain thingsD. usually have a fault-finding habit2The phrase “ sour the pleasures