徐汇东南数理化英语解题技巧联系.docx

1、徐汇东南数理化英语解题技巧联系中考英语首字母填空解题技巧及练习Step1：掌握七种句子成分与十种词性之间的对应关系。通过对单一成分的分类练习， 掌握该句子成分与何种词性相对应。词性正确是答案正确的前提。 (1) 对主语的判断 1. _ are helpful to students. ( teach ) 2. _ is more important to me than money. ( healthy ) 3. Some famous _ are going to give lectures in our university in August. ( science) 4. _ is my

2、 favorite sport. ( fish ) 5. _ stamps is my hobby. ( collect ) 分析：以上练习中，所填的词均为句子的主语。主语是动作的发出者，词性主要为名词与代词（1-）；动词不能直接用作主语，必须转化成其对应的名词或动名词（-）。此外，形容词前加the以及带连词的句子也可作主语。 例如： The rich are not always happy. 句中the rich 指“有钱人”，因此可以作主语。 What I wanted was just your help. 句中What I wanted是一个带有连词what的句子，因此也可以作主语。

3、 (2) 对谓语的判断 John was standing on the step of a house. An old woman c_ over to him. “My boy,” she a_ , “Is your father at home?” “Yes,” a_ John. The woman b_ ringing the bell. She rang and rang, but there was no answer. At last she t_ back to John and s_ angrily, “Didnt you s_ that your father was at

4、 home?” “I did”, answered John, “but this i_ my house.” 分析：语篇中的所缺词均为谓语动词。谓语是句子所表示的动作，词性只能是动词，而且在句子中不能缺。当一个主谓结构中同时出现两个或两个以上动词时，还要判断他们之间的相互关系，对谓语动词或非谓语动词的判断只有在熟练掌握相关知识的基础上，才能作出正确的判断。平时练习和周练中，我经常让学生做些“用动词的适当形式填空”练习，有助于对动词形式的判断。(3) 对宾语的判断 1.Mr. Chen was surprised to see the fast _ in Shanghai after his

5、long absence from the city. ( develop ) 2.The front is in great need of medical _.( work ) 3.Thank you for your _. ( kind ) 4.At last he sold his _. ( invent ) 分析：宾语是动作的承受者，分动词宾语与介词宾语两种。宾语的词性同和主语的词性一样，单是如果代词作宾语时就必须用其宾格。(4) 对表语的判断 1. It is _ for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon. ( possible) 2. Th

6、e sick man is getting _. ( ill ) 3.Patrick is going to be a(n) _ when he grows up.(engine) 4.Such cold weather is quite _ in June and people have to wear warm clothes again（usually）5.Its a _ to have a picnic with all the members. （please ） 分析：表语是连系动词后接的成分。词性主要为形容词，名词, 介词短语。如果是动词的适当形式作表语，动词必须改成 to do

7、 ,doing 或 done 的形式。(5) 对定语的判断 1. The _ exams usually take place at the end of June. ( finally) 2.On a _ night, you can see thousands of stars in the sky. ( clearly) 3.In _ weather, the old had better stay at home. (freeze ) 4.The French artist said, “It is my _ time to visit Shanghai. I love this ci

8、ty so much. ( one ) 5.Most people dont like _ food. ( freeze ) 6.Who is your _ teacher? ( chemical ) 分析:定语是修饰名词与代词的成分。词性以形容词，序数词，介词短语为主。名词修饰名词说明后面名称的性能或用途。如：stamp show / physics teacher。如果是动词的适当形式作定语，动词必须改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。(6) 对状语的判断 1. The old lady could hardly believe that she had got the

9、travel pass to Hong Kong so _(easy)2.Watch _, and you will find the difference between the two pictures. ( care ) 3.After flying in the storm for nearly one hour, the helicopter landed _ at last. ( safe ) 分析：状语是说明动作发生的时间，地点，原因，方式，目的，结果，条件和伴随情况的成分。词性以副词为主，也可以是介词短语。如果是动词的适当形式作状语，动词必须改成 to do ,doing 或

10、done 的形式。(7) 对连词的判断 1. Work harder, _ youll make great progress in English. 2. My job is to protect the innocent _ find the guilty. 3. _ you _ he can go to the cinema, but you cannot go together because I have only one ticket. 4. Can you tell me _ you are from? 5. Ill give you a call _ I get to Japa

11、n. 分析：在英语中, 并列连词and, but, or, so , not onlybut also, either or, neithernor, as well as, both and等连接并列的词,词组和句子; 而从属连词则连接主句与从句。Step2：在牢记了七种句子成分与十种词性的对应关系之后，多做综合的“用所给单词的正确形式填空”，有利于提高对句子成分的判断能力。熟练掌握词性转化的技巧是通向首字母填空的第二步。 Step3：锻炼自己的发散和归纳思维的能力，或称为“猜谜”的能力。 Exercise : Guess the missing word. 1._ are helpful

12、to students. 2._ are helpful to students. They give them knowledge. 3._ are helpful to students. In class they teach them knowledge and after class they care for them like parents. 4. _ are helpful to students. They keep them healthy. Step4：对词性、词义、词形的精确判断阶段，即综合运用阶段 。Mr. Wu is getting old. He is l_ t

13、he school soon. The s_ in his class have given h_ a lot of p_. Among t_ are cards, note-books, photos and books. Most of the cards are m_ by the students themselves. Photos will h_ Mr. Wu remember the happy t_ when he was with his students. Next week, t_ will have a p_ to s _ goodbye to him. 分析：通读短文

14、以后发现Mr. Wu 是一位老师。从old 可推断他不久要退休了,所以 “l_” 应为谓语动词 leaving ;“s_” 是第三句的主语, 结合 have 判断为 students; “h_”是give 的宾语, 判断为him ;“p_” 的内容是 cards, note-books , 所以判断为名词presents; “t_” 是介词among 的宾语, 应为them ; “m_” 处于be done by 的结构中, 应为过去分词made;“h_” 位于情态动词will 之后, 应为动词原形help;“t_” 是remember 的宾语, 并且受到happy 的修饰应为 time；“t

15、_” 是主语, 名词或代词 teachers / they; “p_” 是have的宾语, 前面有冠词, 所以是名词party；“s_” 前有 to, 分析成分为目的状语 to do 即 to say。Step5：熟能生巧阶段。 要做到举重若轻，必须在前四步的基础上作长期系统的训练，把上述知识演化为解题技能。 例如： 【2011上海】Read the passage and fill in the blanks with suitable words .( 在短文的空格内填入适当的次,使其内容通顺. 每空格限填一词, 首字母已给 ) At one time, making a film was

16、 an expensive activity only for a small group of people and film companies. Not only were the tools and machines expensive but the cost of film was also far greater than most people could afford. However, modem technology has c 92 all that. New technology has really opened up the world of film-makin

17、g for film fans. Now a camera does not cost m 93 and most young people are certainly able to pay for it. So all you need is to get one for yourself. With that, you may then start your own film-making. However, film-making is t 94 work. You probably need many other people to help you. For example, th

18、e p 95 of actors and actresses is very important in your film. Of course, these actors and actresses may be your schoolmates, friends or family members. You dont even need to pay them a cent while they are glad to be part of your job. B 96 , you need to make up a story. Can you write your own one? I

19、f you have good imagination, you can create an attractive story e 97 . Many world-famous film makers and producers are also good story-writers. If not, perhaps you need someone else to write it for you. An excellent story is the key to making a s 98 film. 实战练习1 Sleep is not the same every night. We

20、experience some deep sleep and some active sleep(积极睡眠), which is when dreams happen. You might think sleepwalking(梦游) would happen in active sleep, but a person isnt physically active d 86 active sleep. Sleepwalking usually happens in the first few hours of sleep in the stage called slow-wave(慢波)or

21、deep sleep. Not all sleepwalkers a 87 walk. Some simply sit up or stand in bed or act like theyre awake when, in fact, theyre asleep! Most, however, do get up and move around for a few seconds or for as long as half an hour.Sleepwalkers e 88 are open, but they dont see the same way they do when they

22、re awake and often think theyre in different rooms of the house or different places altogether. Sleepwalkers tend(往往会) to go back to bed on their own and they wont r 89 it in the morning. Doctors say sleepwalking sometimes occurs when a person is sick, has a fever, is not getting e 90 sleep, or is s

23、tressed. If sleepwalking occurs frequently, every night or so, its a good idea for your mom or dad to take you to see your doctor. But occasional(偶然的) sleepwalking generally isnt something to worry about, a 91 it may look funny or even scary (惊恐的) for the people who see a sleepwalker in action.Its i

24、mportant, of course, that the person is kept safe. Precautions(预防措施) should be t 92 so the person is less likely to fall down, run into something, or walk out the front door while sleepwalking.2 Everyone needs sleep. In fact, all living things need sleep. Having a sound and good rest m_86_ us health

25、y. It is believed that our brain develops best during sleep. It helps all our systems work well w_87_ we are awake. Sleep allows our brain to reorganize all events during the day and will improve our memory development. For a student, eight to ten hours of sleep is required to give him or her e_88_

26、for the following day. A good sleep allows them to grow physically and mentally (心理上). With e_89_ sleep at night, students would be able to wake up early and be ready for school activities. They will be able to listen carefully in class and would have the ability to memorize the things that they lea

27、rn and r_90_ them in the future. Eight hours of sleep makes students active t_91_ the whole day at school. They would be able to perform well in class, take down notes and finish their homework. When they have slept well, they can e_92_ understand their lessons. Good sleep prepares them well for the

28、 challenges (挑战) at school, from paperwork to sports. They will be ready to solve difficult tasks that require mental ability and skills.3Anger (生气) is a kind of feeling. Many things can make you angry. When your teacher gives you too much homework, when your team loses an important game, when your

29、friend b _86_ your favourite thing and then breaks it, you may get really angry. Usually, your body will tell you when you are angry. For example, you breathe much f_87_, your face turns red and you may want to break something or hit someone, but sometimes, you hide your anger. For example, you may

30、hide it in your h_88_ . The problem is that if you do this, you may get a headache or your stomach may hurt. In fact, its not good to hide your anger, and its normal for you to get angry sometimes. But anger must be let out in the right way, without hurting o_ 89 _or yourself. Let me give you some a

31、dvice. When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people. Its helpful to talk about your anger with other people, such as p_90_, teachers, good friends etc. When you talk about anger, those b_91_feelings can start to go away. On the other hand, when you start to feel angry, you can do some other things: count from 1 to 100; go for a bike ride; think abo