高一英语学案Unit7Unit8B1新课标 人教版.docx

1、高一英语学案Unit7Unit8B1新课标 人教版高一英语学案Unit7-Unit8(B1)【知识网络】一、重点词汇与短语1like的用法小结：like既可以作动词又可以作介词，表达不同的意思，但是在使用中，总是出错。请注意以下提示：（1）like：作介词使用，意思是“如同，像，和一样；例如，诸如”。例如：I wish I could sing like her. 我希望能像她那样唱歌。Marys dress is red, like mine. 玛丽的衣服是红色的，和我的一样。There are several people interested, like Mr Jones and Mr

2、Simpson.许多人很有兴趣，诸如琼斯先生和辛普森先生。注意介词like构成的词组：feel like：想要look like：似乎，好像（2）like作为动词，常作及物动词使用。意思是“喜欢；爱好；希望；想 ”例如：I like bananas. 我喜欢香蕉。Do you like your teacher? 你喜欢你们的老师吗？Id like to see you. 我想见到你。（3）那么，在使用过程中如何判断like是作介词还是动词呢？Like如果作谓语动词，就会随着主语的人称、数、格发生变化，还会有时态变化；如果是介词，则无此变化。另外在做题时还要注意like在句子中的具体意思。2s

3、eem用法小结：（1）seem后可以接形容词、名词、不定式、分词或介词短语等作表语。例如：He seemed quite angry at you. 他好象对你生气了。Even the bull seemed to feel sorry for the drunk.连公牛似乎也很为这醉汉感到遗憾。Danger seems to attend everything they have tried.他们所尝试做的每件事似乎都带有危险性。He seemed excited. 他好象很激动。（2）seem后接to be结构时，有时会省略掉to be。例如：The headmaster seems to

4、 be a fixture in the school for quite a long period.校长似乎固定在这个学校工作很长一段时间了。Yesterday I met a man who seemed (t0 be) the famous actor.昨天我遇到一个人，他好象是那个有名的演员。（3）seem后接that或者as if从句。有时that和as if可以省略。例如：At that time, it seemed as if I couldnt think of the right word anyhow.当时,我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。It seems to m

5、e that you are right. 我认为你是对的。It seems to me that there is something funny about the case.在我看来这件案子有点奇怪。（4）句型：There seems/seemed (to be)There seems to be something wrong with your recorder.你的录音机好象出问题了/坏了。There seems to be a man over there in the darkness.那边好象有个人站在黑暗中。3suggest的用法：（1）suggest表示“提议；提出；建议

6、”的意思，后面常接动词-ing形式，不能接不定式;接that从句时，常用虚拟语气，即should + 动词原形，其中，should可以省略。例如：She suggested going there by train. 她建议坐火车去那里。She suggested that we (should) go there by train.她建议我们坐火车去那里。I suggested that we (should) do it like this. 我建议这样做。（2）suggest还可以表示“暗示；显出”的意思。后面接that从句时，用陈述语气。例如：The smile on the boys

7、 face suggested that he was happy to have given his life to his motherland. 这个男孩脸上的微笑暗示出他很高兴为自己的祖国献出了生命。When I suggested that some villagers must have come in for a free drink, Mr Thompson shook his head. 当我暗示说,这准是某些村民进来偷喝掉的,汤普森先生摇摇头。二、词义辨析1seem, look 与appear的区别：seem, look, appear这三个词一般用作半系动词，都可以汉译作

8、“似乎”或“看上去”。（1）seem所表示的“似乎”或“看来”是以客观的迹象为依据的。例如：A pilot noticed a balloon which seemed to be making for a Royal Air Force Station nearby.一位飞行员看到一个气球，好象要飞向附近的英国空军基地。It seemed certain that this would win the prize.这一块要得奖似乎是毫无疑问的了。（2）look所表示的“看来”是以视觉所接受的印象为依据的。例如：He looked pale and his clothes were in a

9、frightful state.他看上去脸色苍白，一身衣服弄得一塌糊涂。My wife was wearing a hat that looked like a lighthouse.我的妻子戴着一顶看起来好象一座灯塔的帽子。（3）appear与上两个词的含义似乎没有多大差异，但是如果要表示某种判断是由被歪曲了的印象而得出的，或者是表示“表面似乎如此，而事实不是如此”的意思时，最好用appear。例如：Babies of two months old do not appear to be reluctant to enter the water.两个月的婴儿并不显得不肯下水。The actr

10、ess is thirty-five years old, but she appears a lot younger.那个女演员三十五岁了，但是她看上去年轻得多。2give up, give in, give out的区别：（1）give in to somebody/something表示“向某人/某物屈服、让步；投降”。后面不能直接接名词，属于不及物动词的范畴。例如：He would rather die than give in. 他宁死不屈。He has given in to my idea. 他已经顺从了我的想法。（2）give up: 后面接名词或者动词-ing形式，属于及物动

11、词的范畴，意思是“放弃”。例如：He gave up his position as then general manager. 他辞去了总经理的职位。He had a hard time giving up smoking. 他戒烟很辛苦的。（3）give out: 表示“分发；用完，用尽”的意思。例如：You are required to give out the pamphlets要求你分发这些小册子。Give the money out to the children.把钱分给孩子们。Our food supply gave out at last.我们的食物终于用完了。His st

12、rength gave out(= run out). = He ran out of strength.=He was worn out.=He was tired out.他已精疲力竭。三、重点句型1What do you think we can do to protect our cultural relics?此句中的do you think为插入语。句子的疑问语序由它体现，而其它成分用陈述语序。做单项填空题时要注意这个现象。2Where there is a river, there is a city.And we should build a website where peo

13、ple can look at the pictures and paintings.这两句都含有where引导的从句。第一句为where引导地点状语从句，第二句为where引导一个定语从句。在where引导定语从句时，其前面往往有一个表示地点的词作先行 词，此句中的website即先行词。再如：We should be sent where we are most needed. (where引导地点状语从句)We should be sent to the place where we are most needed. （where引导定语从句）应该派我们到最需要的地方去。3Ronaldo

14、 has done more than just playing football.Yao Ming has more than just size: he also has great skill and speed.这两句都包含有more than just结构。此处的意思是“不仅，不止”。再如：He did more than just helping us out, he also gave us a lot of money to set up a new school for poor children.他不只是帮助我们摆脱了困境，而且还给了我们一大笔钱为穷孩子建了一所新学校。Th

15、ey were more than willing to help you. 他们非常乐意帮助你。Some of the stories were really more than could be believed.有些故事实在令人难以相信。四、语法复习英语的语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。被动语态的注意事项：（1）若宾语补足语是不带to的不定式，变为被动语态时，该不定式前要加to。此类动词往往是感官动词。如：feel,hear,help,listento,lookat,make,observe,see,notice,watch

16、等等。例如： Theteachermademegooutoftheclassroom.-Iwasmadetogooutoftheclassroom(bytheteacher). Wesawhimplayfootballontheplayground. -Hewasseentoplayfootballontheplayground.（2）带有情态动词的被动语态：即：情态动词+be+过去分词，构成被动语态。例如：Coalcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityforagricultureandindustry.煤炭可以用来为工农业生产发电。（3）短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的

17、介词或副词。例如：Thisisaphotoofthepowerstationthathasbeensetupinmyhometown. （注意up）这是我的家乡刚刚建设的一座发电站的照片。MysisterwillbetakencareofbyGrandma.（注意of）我妹妹将由我奶奶照顾。Suchathinghasneverbeenheardofbefore. （注意of）过去从未听说过这样的事情。（4）由believe, consider, declare, expect, feel, report, say, see, announce, suppose, think,understan

18、d等动词构成的被动结构：Itissaidthat据说Itisreportedthat据报道Itisbelievedthat大家相信Itishopedthat大家希望已经宣布我们的飞行员已经安全归来。（5）不及物动词或动词短语如：appear, die, disappear, lost heart, come true, fall asleep, happen, last, lie, remain, sit, spread, stand, break out, keep silence, take place. 无被动语态。要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是

19、一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。试比较下列句子：（错）Thepricehasbeenrisen. （不及物）（对）Thepricehasrisen. （错）Theaccidentwashappenedlastweek. （不及物）（对）Theaccidenthappenedlastweek. （6）不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语:fit,have,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watchagreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,happento

20、,takepartin,walkinto,belongto。例如： Thiskeyjustfitsthelock. 这把钥匙就是开这把锁的。 Yourstoryagreeswithwhathadalreadybeenheard. 你的故事与（我们）已经听到的说法是一致的。（7）系动词无被动语态：appear,bebecome,fall,feel,get,grow,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turn。例如：Itsoundsgood. 听起来声音不错。It tastes delicious. 尝起来很香。（8）带同源宾语的及物动词，反

21、身代词，相互代词，不能用于被动语态：die,death,dream,live,life, smile。例如： Shedreamedabaddreamlastnight. 昨天晚上她做了一个噩梦。He died a heroic death. 他死得很英勇。（9） 动词wash,clean,cook,iron,look,cut,sell,read,wear,feel,draw,write,sell,drive 用主动形式表示被动：Thebooksellswell.这本书销路好。 Thisknifecutseasily.这刀子很好用。（10）特殊结构：makesb.heard/understood

22、：使别人能听见 / 理解自己havesomethingdone：要别人做某事She spoke at the top of her voice to make herself heard.她扯着嗓子喊叫，目的是让别人听到她的话。I had my hair cut yesterday. 我昨天理发了。【考点透视 考例精析】考点 考察地点状语从句。考例1 There were marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands.Awhere Bwhich Cwhen Dthat解析 which和that引导定语从句，故排除；when引导时间状语从句，与句

23、子的意思不符，应该用where引导地点状语从句，本题的意思是“她的裤子上她檫过手的地方有脏痕”。拓展 要注意where不仅可以引导地点状语从句，还可以引导定语从句。这时，where前面往往有一个表示地点的名词。例如：They have never gone to the place where we intended to meet before.考点 考查被动语态。考例2 Many man-made satellites _ space by China over the past five years.Awas been sent up Bwas sent forChave been se

24、nt up into Dhas sent into解析 根据句子结构看应该使用被动语态，因而排除D项；表示“发射升空”用send up into。sent up“发射”，其后不能接名词，send for意思是“派人去请”，与句子的意思不相符合。考点 考查固定搭配的用法。考例3 -Im going to see the victims brother.-Id rather you _.Adidnt Bhave not Cdont Ddo解析 第一个人所使用的时态为将来时，表示将来的打算。但是第二个人用的是固定句型：I would rather somebody did something. 所以

25、只能选A项。拓展 另外注意句型Somebody would rather do something than do something 。两个动词都用原形。例如：I would rather do some work than stay home every day.考点 考查时态和语态。考例4 The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _ by 2020.Ahas been completed Bhas completedCwill have been completed Dwi

26、ll have completed解析 首先，此句的construction work 与complete是动宾关系，construction work作从句的主语，所以应该使用被动语态。再由 by 2020可以知道，该动作现在尚未完成，所以用将来完成时态。【基础演练】一、根据所给首字母或括号中的汉语意思填写句子空格中所缺的单词。1After the earthquake, it is very difficult to r_ the buildings and other things.2Columbus said that he had discovered the new c_.3The

27、 earthquake d_ several buildings.4The o_ language of Japan is Japanese.5As more and more cars entered peoples homes, p_ is becoming more and more serious.6These two countries have different_(文化).7He had _（包括）a large number of funny stories in the speech.8Will you help me _(准备)for the get-together of

28、 the old classmates?9We not only communicate with words, but also with _(手势).10Can you find our _(位置) on this map?二、单项填空：1-Smoking is bad for your health.-Yes, I know. But I simply cant _.Agive it up Bgive it in Cgive it out Dgive it away2-The window is dirty.-I know. It _ for weeks.Ahasnt cleaned B

29、didnt cleanCwasnt cleaned Dhasnt been cleaned3To enjoy the scenery, Irene would rather spend long hours on the train _ travel by air.Aas Bto Cthan Dwhile4His behavior at the party last night seemed rather out of _. Many of us were quite surprised.Apractice Bplace Cpolite Dpity5What can I do for you?-Id like to borrow a science book, _ that is simple and written in English.Awhich Bone Cbut Dall6_ the poor, Tom himself has been living a very simple life.ADevoted to help BDevoting to helpingCDevoted to helping DDevoting to help7-Do you like Nack