六级翻译复习建议.docx

1、六级翻译复习建议一、复习建议六级翻译越来越重视中国的历史、文化、经济和社会发展等主题，所以，我们建议大家赶快抓紧时间背诵一些与中国节日、历史事件、经济文化、旅游活动、社会发展等相关的词汇，这里推荐阅读中高口翻译的教材。此外，还要多浏览一些以反映中国社会为主的英文杂志和报纸。二、夺分要点翻译一直追求“信”、“达”、“雅”。庆幸的是，六级考试中要求没有那么高，我们只要做到“信”和“达”就可以啦。对于实力较强的同学，如果想在翻译题中夺得高分，千万不要忽视以下四个要点：1、高级词汇。翻译时，尽量表现出自己的语言水平，避免使用一些过于简单的词汇，而要选择一些更高级的词汇，例如“have to”可以换成“

2、be obliged to”。2、句式多样。可以有选择性地运用倒装结构、被动语态、否定句、虚拟语气、比较结构、从句、非谓语动词等句型，让句式结构更加丰富多彩。例：正是通过丝绸之路，中国的造纸、火药、指南针、印刷术等四大发明才被引介到世界各地。一般译文：The Silk Road introduced four Chinese inventions to the world. They were papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing。高分译文：It was through the Silk Road that the four great in

3、ventions of ancient China, namely papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing, were introduced to the world。点评：“一般译文”为两个主动语态的简单句，“高分译文”将其整合成了一个被动句。把“正是才”处理成了“It wasthat”的强调句型，并将“造纸、火药、指南针、印刷术”处理成了插入语“namely papermaking, gunpowder, compass and printing”。3、长难句。译文中如果出现12个长难句，可以立马吸引考官的眼球，瞬间让译文变身高大上，提升水

4、平档次。例：物质文化的交流是双向的，欧洲也通过丝绸之路出口各种商品和植物，满足中国市场的需求。一般译文：The exchange of material culture is a two-way process. Europe also exported various goods and plants through the Silk Road. It could meet the needs of the Chinese market。高分译文：As the exchange of material culture is a two-way process, various goods a

5、nd plants were also exported through the Silk Road from Europe to China to meet the needs of the Chinese market。点评：“一般译文”为三个简单句，而“高分译文”将其合并成了一个长句。把“物质文化的交流是双向的”处理为状语从句“As the exchange of material culture is a two-way process”，并将“满足中国市场的需求”作为目的状语“to meet the needs of the Chinese market”。4、字迹工整。翻译过程中难

6、免会进行多次修改，从而影响卷面整洁，所以一定要先打草稿，整洁的卷面有助于增加印象分哦这四个妙招同学们肯定都非常熟悉，但却常常被大家忽视。例如，小明在做翻译时，总是习惯性地使用基础词汇，然后又习惯性地使用简单句型，当时间紧迫时还会紧张地老写错别字，导致在卷面上涂涂改改，影响美观。不知不觉，小明默默地走上了“低分”之路。所以，我们要提醒大家，应时刻将这四招牢记于心，并且认真贯彻实施。表示主要的，重要的词 primary, major, main, chief, important, essential, significant表示充足的 enough, sufficient, plenty, ab

7、undant表示适当的 appropriate表示提升，改善，加强 enhance, improve, strengthen表示合法 valid, legal, lawful, rightful表示卓越不凡 extraordinary, excellent, uncommon, remarkable, outstanding.表示很有名气 well-known, noticeable, famous表示义务，有责任去做 compulsory, required, obligatory表示积极，主动 positive, proactive表示合理 sound, rational, correct

8、, sensible, logical, reasonable表示英勇 brave, bold, valiant, heroic, courageous, fearless表示巨大 huge, large, giant, vast, enormous表示牢固稳定 sturdy, strong, firm, tough, stable, hardy表示声誉 reputation, fame, prestige表示巅峰、顶点 tip, top, peak, apex, zenith, climax表示发现、探索 discover, seek, search表示增加 increase, enlarg

9、e, multiply, expand, raise, accelerate, broaden, magnify表示减少 reduce, decrease, decelerate, lessen, debase, abate, diminish, decline, discount, subtract, deduct表示转变 convert, change, transform, switch表示提供、提交 offer, supply, provide, furnish, contribute, submit表示构成、组成 constitute, consist, organize, form

10、, erect, establish, compose, comprise,加快人才培养 accelerate the training of professionals与建立关系 establish relationship with在取得进步 make progress in表示有用，有益 helpful, useful, utile, beneficial发挥的作用 play (central, crucial, decisive, essential, fundamental, important, key, leading,) major,primary, prominent, si

11、gnificant, vital) role in宏观经济 macro economy社会主义市场经济 socialist market economy知识经济 knowledge economy网络经济 Internet-based economy经济规律 law of economy大规模生产 mass production生产力 productive forces生产关系 relations of production公有制 public ownership私有制 private ownership国有企业 state-owned enterprises (SOEs)私营企业 priva

12、te business民营企业 privately-run business中小企业 small and medium enterprises (SMEs)连锁企业 franchise / chain business国民生产总值 Gross National Product (GNP)国内生产总值 Gross Domestic Product (GDP)实际增长率 growth rate in real terms年均增长率 average growth rate per annum可持续增长 sustainable growth经济效益 economic returns投资回报率 rate

13、 of return on investment衰退 recession宏观调控 macro control提高经济效益 enhance economic performance扭亏为盈 turn a loss-making business into a profitable one优化经济结构 optimize economic structure扩大内需 expand domestic demand国计民生 national interest and peoples livelihood经济特区 special economic zones“十二五规划“ the 12th Five-Ye

14、ar Plan for National and Economic and Social Development风险投资 venture investment经济繁荣 economic boom发达国家 developed countries不发达国家 underdeveloped countries发展中国家 developing countries经济交流 economic exchange跨国公司 multinational corporation电子商务 e-business信用卡 credit card信息时代 information age航班号 flight number头等舱

15、first class商务舱 business class经济舱 economy class登机牌 boarding card口岸 customs port客船 passenger liner慢车 stopping train普快 express直快 through express直达列车 through train特快 special express高速火车 high-speed train卧铺车厢 sleeping coach上铺 upper berth中铺 middle berth下铺 lower berth出发站 departure station中转站 transfer statio

16、n终点站 terminus到达站 destination站台 platform地铁 subway超车 overtaking倒车 backing刹车 brake加速 speed up减速 slow down高速公路 highway / freeway十字路 crossroads酒后驾驶 driving under the influence of alcohol疲劳驾驶 fatigue driving普及率 popularizing rate素质教育 education for all-round development应试教育 exam-oriented education system义务教

17、育 compulsory education初等教育 elementary education中等教育 secondary education高等教育 higher education职业教育 vocational education学院 college/institute/school普通高校 regular institution of higher learning重点大学 key university211工程 211Project减轻学生负担 reduce burden for students基础课 basic course专业课 course within ones major必

18、修课 required course选修课 elective course学分制 credit system入学考试 entrance examination入学资格 admission qualification择优录取 merit-based enrollment中考 middle examination高考 higher examination报名 application/sign up毕业设计 diploma-winning design/ graduation project毕业论文 graduation thesis毕业证书 graduation certificate同学 sch

19、oolmate/classmate校友 alumni科教兴国 rejuvenate the country through science and education研究开发 research and development高新技术 innovative and high technology创新 innovation尖端科技 state-of-the-art technology平等互利 equality and mutual benefit法治 rule of law互通有无 mutual exchange of needed products商标 trademark专利 patent版权

20、 copyright知识产权 intellectual property rights煮 poach/boiled蒸 steamed火锅 chafing dish煲;炖;焖 stewed煎 pan-fried炒 stir-fried炸 deep-fried烘 baked熏 smoked泡辣菜 pickled hot vegetables北京烤鸭 roast Beijing duck炒饭 stir-fried rice油条 deep fried twisted dough stick饺子 jiaozi / dumpling汤圆 tangyuan馄饨 hundun烧麦 shaomai月饼 moon

21、 cake烧饼 sesame seed cake小笼包 steamed dumpling with pork红茶 black tea绿茶 green tea花茶 jasmine tea茶道 sado/ tea ceremony功夫茶 Gongfu tea陈酒 old wine/aged wine烧酒 arrack人口 population人口分布 population distribution流动人口 transient population城市人口 urban population农业人口 agriculture population出生率 birth rate自然增长率 natural g

22、rowth rate负增长率 negative growth rate普查 census户口册 household register计划生育 family planning/planned parenthood优生优育 ensure good prenatal and postnatal care自治区 autonomous region民族 ethnic groups少数民族 ethnic minorities/ minority peoples中国共产党 Communist Party of China小康社会 a well-to-do society人民生活 peoples liveli

23、hood生活水平 living standards生活质量 quality of life住房条件 housing conditions文化程度 educational level就业率 employment rate人均收入 average income per capita年平均工资 average annual pay奖金 bonus生活费用 cost of living消费价格指数 consumer price index环境污染指数 environment pollution index衣食住行 food, clothing, sheltering and means of trav

24、eling购买力 purchasing power贫困家庭 the needy family贫困地区 poverty-stricken region下岗 be laid off小康 relative affluence安居乐业 live a good life共同富裕 shared prosperity社会保险 social insurance助学金 grant-in-aid赈灾救济金 disaster relief funds国人消费观话题原文：中国自20世纪70年代实行改革开放政策以来，经济一直以惊人的速度发展。粮食、肉类、钢等工农业产品的产量一直在显著增长;原子能(atomic ener

25、gy)、计算机技术、航空航天(aviation and aerospace)技术等方面也已经达到世界先进水平。预计到21世纪中叶，中国将基本实现现代化，达到中等发达国家的水平。目前，中国经济发展水平的地区差异较大，东部沿海地区比较发达，而西部地区相对不那么发达。中国正在进行西部大开发(Western Development Strategy),以缩小各地区的经济发展差异。参考译文：Since China implemented the reform and opening-up policy in the 1970s,its economy has kept developing at a r

26、emarkably high speed. The output of the industrial and agricultural products, such as grain, meat and steel etc., has been growing markedly. And the technologies of atomic energy, computer, aviation and aerospace have reached the world advanced level. It is predicted that China will basically realiz

27、e modernization and reach the level of the medium-developed countries by the middle of the 21st centuiy. Currently, Chinas economic level varies widely among regions. The areas along the east coast in China are fairly developed, while those in the west are comparatively underdeveloped. Due to this,

28、China is carrying out the Western Development Strategy so as to narrow down the economic gaps between different regions.1.改革开放政策:可译为the reform and opening-uppolicy。2.以惊人的速度:可译为at a remarkably high speed。3.达到世界先进水平:可译为reach the world advancedlevel。4.预计:可使用It is predicted that结构表达。5.基本实现现代化:可译为basical

29、ly realizemodernization。6.中等发达国家:其中“中等发达”可译为medium-developed,故该处译为medium-developed country。7.东部沿海地区:可译为areas along the east coast。8.以缩小各地区的经济发展差弃:其中“缩小”可用narrow down来表达，故该句可译为so as to narrowdown the economic gaps between different regions。其中so as to意为“以便，以使”。网络消费话题原文：如今，随着网络的发展，越来越多的人喜欢网上购物。足不出户，只需鼠

30、标点，快递员就会把你要的东西送到家门口，省时省力，方便快捷。这为消费者节省了很多逛超市的时间，也避免了交通拥堵。由于网上销售库存压力较小、经营成本低、经营规模不受场地限制，这也给年轻人创业提供了很好的机会。网上购物无论对消费者、企业还是市场都有着巨大的吸引力和影响力，在新经济时期无疑是达到“多赢(multi-win)”效果的理想模式。参考译文：Nowadays, with the development of Internet, more and more people prefer to shop online. You would get the goods you want at your door fr