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动词不规则变化汇总.docx

1、动词不规则变化汇总 动词不规则变化汇总一、AAA型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共9个) costcostcost cutcutcut hithithit hurthurthurt letlet let putputput readreadread setsetset shutshutshut 二、ABB型,即过去式、过去分词相同。(共41个) 1 过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。(3个) bringbroughtbrought buy boughtbought thinkthought thought 2 词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个) buildbui

2、ltbuilt lendlent lent sendsentsent spendspent spent 3过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。(2个) catchcaughtcaught teachtaughttaught 4把-eep变为-ept。(3个) keepkeptkept sleepsleptslept sweep sweptswept 5 把-ell变为-old。(2个) telltoldtold sellsoldsold 6过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个) smellsmeltsmelt spellspeltspelt feelfelt felt spill

3、spiltspilt 7过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个) learnlearntlearnt meanmeantmeant spoilspoiltspoilt 8过去式、过去分词词尾是d。(4个) saysaidsaid paypaidpaid laylaidlaid hearheardheard 9改变元音字母。(11个) meetmetmet getgotgot sitsatsat find foundfound holdheldheld spitspatspat shine shoneshone winwonwon hanghunghung dig dugdug loselos

4、tlost 10改变辅音字母。(1个) makemademade 11 改变元、辅音字母。(4个) leaveleftleft standstoodstood have(has) hadhad understandunderstoodunderstood 三、ABC型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都不相同。(共35个) 1 iau变化。(6个) beginbeganbegun drinkdrankdrunk sing sangsung ringrangrung swimswamswum sink sanksunk 2 词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过去分词在其原形后加n。(5个)

5、blowblewblown drawdrewdrawn grow grewgrown knowknewknown throwthrewthrown(show除外) 3 词尾为“i辅(1个)e”,过去式将i变为o,过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t,须双写d或t后加n。(4个)(give,hide除外) drivedrovedriven writewrotewritten ride roderidden riseroserisen 4 过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。(5个) breakbrokebroken choosechosechosen freezefrozefrozen sp

6、eakspokespoken wakewoke woken 5 过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。(1个) forgetforgotforgotten 6 过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。(6个) bewas(were)been eatateeaten fallfellfallen givegavegiven seesawseen hidehidhidden(hid) 7 词尾为-ake时,过去式将其变为-ook,过去分词在原形词后加-n。(2个) taketooktaken mistakemistookmistaken 8 原形、过去式和过去分词都不相同。(6个) dodiddone flyfl

7、ewflown gowentgone lielaylain showshowedshown wearworeworn 四、AAB型,即过去式和原形相同。(1个) beatbeatbeaten 五、ABA型,即过去分词和原形相同。(3个) comecamecome becomebecamebecome run ranrun 六、情态动词型,只有原形和过去式,没有过去分词。(4个) cancould maymight willwould shallshould 文中6个动词的过去式和过去分词,还有一种规则变化形式。不规则动词相对于规则动词来说,难记得多,是最难对付的一类词。学生难学,老师难教。幸好

8、它们不是杂乱无章的,可根据其中的一些内部规律来记忆。下面给大家介绍一种归纳记忆法,以期大家在攻克这一难关时,能收到事半功倍的效果。一、 原形、过去式、过去分词相同:costcuthithurtletputreadshut (细心的你一定会发现,这些词中大多数是以字母t结尾的。)二、 原形、过去式相同,过去分词不同:beatbeatbeaten 三、 原形、过去分词相同,过去式不同: comecamecome becomebecamebecome runranruncome,become,属不规则变化,但welcome属规则动词,其过去式、过去分词为:welcomed,welcomed四、 过去

9、式,过去分词相同:(1) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个emeetmetmet feedfedfed(2) 去掉字母组合ee中的一个e,然后再在词尾加tfeelfeltfelt sleepsleptsleptkeepkeptkept sweepsweptswept (3) 词尾为的ll 去掉一个l加tspellspeltspelt smellsmeltsmeltspillspiltspilt(4) 过去式和过去分词以aught或 ought结尾catchcaughtcaught teachtaughttaught bringbroughtbrought buyboughtboughtthinktho

10、ughtthought (5) 将stand改为stoodstandstoodstood understandunderstoodunderstood(6) 将ay改为aidlaylaidlaid paypaidpaidsaysaidsaid(7) 将d改为tlendlentlent sendsentsentspendspentspentbuildbuiltbuilt(8) 将i改为a , o, u等sitsatsat spitspatspatwinwonwondigdugdug(9) 将ell改为oldtelltoldtold sellsoldsold(10) 词尾加tlearnlearnt

11、learnt meanmeantmeant dreamdreamtdreamt spoilspoiltspoilt (11) 有两种过去式和过去分词, 一种是不规则的, 一种是规则的learnlearntlearnt learnlearnedlearnedshineshoneshone shineshinedshinedhanghunghung hanghangedhangedsmellsmeltsmelt smellsmelledsmelled(12) 其它have(has)hadhad hearheardheardshootshotshot loselostlost holdheldhel

12、d getgotgot(AmE gotten) findfoundfound makemademade leaveleftleft五、三者均不同:(1) 过去式以ew结尾、过去分词以own结尾blowblewblown flyflewflowngrowgrewgrown knowknewknown throwthrewthrown 值得注意的是:showshowedshown或showed drawdrewdrawn(2)改i为a变成过去式、改i为u变成过去分词beginbeganbegun drinkdrankdrunkringrangrung singsangsungswimswamswu

13、m sinksanksunk(3)改i为o变成过去式,过去分词以n结尾drivedrovedriven writewrotewrittenriseroserisen rideroderidden(4) 原形后加n变成过去分词 drivedrovedriven riseroserisen eatateeaten fallfellfallen givegavegiven(5) 过去式后加n变成过去分词 breakbrokebroken choosechosechosen freezefrozefrozen mistakemistookmistakenstealstolestolen speaksp

14、okespoken taketooktaken wakewokewoken(或woke)(6)其它bewas或werebeen dodiddone forgetforgotforgotten gowentgone hidehidhidden seesawseen wearworeworn 六、 有两种过去式和过去分词,但词义相同。wakewokewoken (或woke) wakewakedwaked sinksanksunk sinksunksunken七、动词因其过去式、过去分词有两种形式而产生不同词义: shine、hang的两种过去式和过去分词: shoneshone照耀 shined

15、shined擦亮 hunghung悬挂 hangedhanged绞死八、两个既可以做过去式,又可以做动词原形的词lie躺卧laylainlying(现在分词) lay放,下蛋laidlaidlayingfind 找到、发现findfoundfound found 创建,成立 foundfoundedfounded九、根据动词之间的词义联系来记忆(一)词义相对:(1) comecamecome来 gowentgone去(2) givegavegiven给getgotgot(AmE gotten)获得(3) sleepsleptslept睡觉wakewokewoken (或woke) wakewa

16、kedwaked 醒来(4) riseroserisen上升、上涨、升起fallfellfallen下降、落下、倒下sinksanksunk sinksunksunken 沉下, (使)下沉(5) buyboughtbought买 sellsoldsold出售, 卖(6) taketooktaken带去bringbroughtbrought 带来(7) teachtaughttaught教learnlearntlearnt learnlearnedlearned 学习、学会(8) loselostlost丢失、失败findfoundfound找到winwonwon赢得、(获)胜(9) stan

17、dstoodstood站、立sitsatsat坐(10) sendsentsent 送、寄、发送getgotgot(AmE gotten)获得、收到(二)、词义相近:(1) beatbeatbeaten .打, 打败 winwonwon赢得、获胜(2) understandunderstoodunderstood 懂, 了解knowknewknown 知道, 了解, 认识(3) getgotgot(AmE gotten)变成、成为、变得 becomebecamebecome 变成, 成为, 变得 gowentgone变成 turnturnedturned变成(4) spendspentspen

18、t 花费、度过paypaidpaid 支付、交纳costcostcost花费、价值为taketooktaken花费 (5) saysaidsaid说、讲speakspokespoken说、演讲telltoldtold 告诉、说、吩咐、断定talktalkedtalked谈话, 讲, 谈论, 议论A-B-B 型变化不定式 过去式 过去分词 基本意义 bend bent bent 使变曲 bring brought brought 带来;引起;产生 buy bought bought 购买;采购 catch caught caught 接住;抓住;赶上;染上 deal dealt dealt 分配

19、;分给 dig dug dug 挖(土);掘地 feel felt felt 触摸(某物);感觉到 fight fought fought 搏斗;奋斗;斗争; find found found 发现;找到; get got got/gotten 收到;接到;得到;成为 have had had 有;吃;喝;进行;经受 hear heard heard 听见;听说;得知 hold held held 拿住;抓住;抱;举行 keep kept kept 留下;保留;继续 lay laid laid 放置;产(卵) leave left left 离开;把留下;剩下 learn learntlear

20、ned learntlearned 学;学习;获悉;得知 lend lent lent 借出;借给 lose lost lost 失去;丧失;损失 make made made 做;制作;制造;使得 meet met met 遇见;碰见;相遇 babysit babysat babysat 照顾婴儿 pay paid paid 付钱;给报酬 不定式 过去式 过去分词 基本意义 say said said 说,讲 sell sold sold 卖;销售 shine shone shone 发光;照耀;照射 sit sat sat 坐;就座 sleep slept slept 睡,睡觉;睡着 sm

21、ell smelt smelt 闻出;嗅;发出气味 spend spent spent 用(钱);花(时间);度过 stand stood stood 站立;直立;位于;经受 teach taught taught 教,教授;传授 tell told told 告诉;讲述;吩咐 think thought thought 想,思考,认为 understand understood understood 懂;理解;领会 win won won 赢;获胜;赢得,获得 build built built 建筑,建造 feed fed fed 喂养 hang hung hung 悬挂,吊 sweep

22、swept swept 打扫 send sent sent 送,派 shoot shot shot 射击 spit spat spat 吐(痰) spoil spoilt spoilt 溺爱,损坏,破坏 flee fled fled 逃离 lead led led 引导;致便;领导 mislead misled misled 把引错方向;给带错路 mean meant meant 意思是 A-B-A型变化不定式 过去式 过去分词 基本含义 overcome overcame overcome 克服,战胜 become became become 变为,成为 come came come 到来;

23、出现 run ran run 跑,奔跑; A-B-C型变化不定式 过去式 过去分词 基本含义 Be was/were been 有;存在;是;成为 begin began begun 开始 blow blew blown 吹,刮;吹响 break broke broken 打破(断,碎);损坏,撕开 choose chose chosen 选择,挑选,选取 do did done 做,干 drink drank drunk 喝;饮 drive drove driven 驾驶(车):驱赶 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下;跌落;变为 fly flew fle

24、w 飞;飞行; forget forgot forgotten 忘记;遗忘;忽视 freeze froze frozen (使)结冰;冷冻 give gave given 送给;授予;供给; go went gone 去;离去;行驶;通到;到达 grow grew grown 变成;生长;发育;种植 know knew known 知道,懂得;了解;认识 lie lay lain 躺;平卧;(指物)平放 ride rode ridden 骑马、自行车等;搭乘 ring rang rung (铃等)鸣响;打电话 rise rose risen 上升;上涨;起立 see saw seen 看见;察

25、觉;领会 show showed shown/showed 给看;展出;表明 shake shook shaken 颤抖 sing sang sung 唱,唱歌 speak spoke spoken 说话;会说(某语言);发言 steal stole stolen 偷;窃取 swim swam swum 游水;游泳 take took taken 拿;服用;乘坐;花费 throw threw thrown 投,抛,扔,掷 wake woke woken 醒,醒来,叫醒 wear wore worn 穿,戴 write wrote written 写,书写;写作,著述 forgive forga

26、ve forgiven 原谅 hide hid hidden/hid 躲,藏 dive dove dived 跳水 sink sank sunk/sunken 下沉 A-A-A型变化 不定式 过去式 过去分词 基本含义 cost cost cost 价值为,花费;使付出 cut cut cut 切;割;剪;砍;削 hurt hurt hurt 使受伤痛;刺痛;伤害 let let let 允许,让 put put put 放,摆;装入 read read read 阅读,朗诵 shut shut shut 关上,封闭;紧闭;合拢 upset upset upset 使人不舒服 bet bet

27、bet 确信,打赌 hit hit hit 击中 set set set 放置 评论 举报 MISAKI 兵卒一、AAA型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共9个) costcostcost cutcutcut hithithit hurthurthurt letlet let putputput readreadread setsetset shutshutshut 二、ABB型,即过去式、过去分词相同。(共41个) 1 过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。(3个) bringbroughtbrought buy boughtbought thinkthought thought 2

28、 词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个) buildbuiltbuilt lendlent lent sendsentsent spendspent spent 3过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。(2个) catchcaughtcaught teachtaughttaught 4把-eep变为-ept。(3个) keepkeptkept sleepsleptslept sweep sweptswept 5 把-ell变为-old。(2个) telltoldtold sellsoldsold 6过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个) smellsmeltsmelt spellspeltspelt feelfelt felt spillspiltspilt 7过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个) learnlearntlearnt meanmeantmeant spoilspoiltspoilt 8过去式、过去分词

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