英国文学第二册背诵重难点.docx

1、英国文学第二册背诵重难点The Romantic Period(1798-1832) The romantic period began in 1798 the publication of Wordsworth and Coleridges , and end in 1832 with Sir Walter Scotts death. Romanticism:It emphasize the specialqualitie of each individuals mind.(人应该是独立自由的个体) In it, emotion over reason, spontaneous emotio

2、n, a change from the outer world of social civilization to the inner world of the human spirit, poetry should be free from all rules, imagination, nature, commonplace.Two major novelists of the Romantic period are Jane Austen (realistic) and Walter Scott (romantic).“The Lake Poets”湖畔诗人，who lived in

3、the lake district. William Wordsworth; Samuel Taylor Coleridge; Robert Southey1. William Wordsworth威廉华兹华斯17701850（与柯尔律治、骚塞同被称为“湖畔派”诗人。 The Lake Poets） 抒情歌谣集(with Samuel Taylor Coleridge) Theme:1.Nature embodies human beings in their diverse circumstance. It is nature that give him “strength and know

4、ledge fullof peace” 2.It is bliss to recolled the beauty of nature in poet mind while he is in solitude. Comment:The poet is very cheerful with recalling the beautiful sights. In the poem on the beauty of nature, the reader is presented a vivid picture of lively and lovely daffodils(水仙) and poets ph

5、ilosophical ideas and mystical thoughts. Lines Composed A Few Miles Above Tintern Abbey The Solitary Reaper孤独的割麦女 序曲2. Samuel Taylor Coleridge塞缪尔泰勒科尔律治17721834 The Lake Poets 古舟子颂 柯里斯塔贝尔 忽必烈汗Artistic features: mysticism, demonism with strong imagination, a strange territory 半夜冰霜 忧郁颂 抒情歌谣集(with Willi

6、am Wordsworth)3. George Gordon Byron乔治戈登拜伦17881824（拜伦式英雄Byronic heroes孤傲、狂热、浪漫，却充满了反抗精神。内心充满了孤独与苦闷，却又蔑视群小。恰尔德哈罗德是拜伦诗歌中第一个“拜伦式英雄”。） “Byronic hero” is a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin, against tyrannical rules or moral principles.唐璜恰尔德哈罗德尔游记该隐 当初我们俩分别 4. Persy Bysshe Shelley波西比希雪莱17921

7、822Poetic Drama：解放了的普罗米修斯 Theme: the drama celebraies mans victory over tyranny and oppression麦布女王伊斯兰的反叛钦契一家诗辩无神论的必要性 Lyrics: 西风颂 Theme: The author express his eagerness to enjoy the boundless freedom from the reality. Compare the west wind to destroyer of the old who drives the last signs of life f

8、rom the trees, and preserver of the new who scatter the seads shich sill come to life in the spring. This is a poem about renewal, about the wind blowing life back into dead things, implying not just an arc of life (which would end at death) but a cycle, which only starts again when something dies.

9、Comment: Percy Bysshe Shelleys Ode to the West Wind is written in iambic pentameter. It contains five sonnet length stanzas, each with a closing couplet. The rhyming scheme form is aba bcb cdc ded ee. The tone is poignant. Many will agree that this poem is an invocation for an unseen force to take c

10、ontrol and revive life. Artistic features: Using rerza rima(三行诗aba bcb cdc ded efe )致云雀 5. John Keats约翰济慈17951821 (“美即是真，真即是美”是他的著名诗句。) Four great odes: 希腊古瓮颂夜莺颂心灵颂 忧郁颂秋颂 Theme: The theme of John Keats poem, To Autumn, is that change is both natural and beautiful. The poem praises the glories of the

11、 fall season by using almost every type of imagery to both charm and appeal to the reader. Comment: The speaker in the poem acknowledges that time passes by, but also asserts that this change usually yields something new and better than what came before. Each of the poems three stanzas represents th

12、e evolving of two different types of change. One type of change shown in the poem is the change of periods in a day. 6. Jane Austen简奥斯丁17751817She compared her works to a fine engraving upon a literary piece of ivory only inches squire.理智与感情 傲慢与偏见(chapter I) 【Elizabeth Bennet & Darcy】in the end fals

13、e pride is humbled and prejudice dissolved【Collins & Charlotte Lucas】see the reality of marriage as a necessary step if a woman is to avoid the wretchedness of aging spinsterhood【Lydia & Wickham】shown the dangers of feckless relationships unsupported by money.【Mr.&Mrs. Bennet, Mr. Collins, Lady Cath

14、erine de Burgh】comic characters曼斯菲尔德庄园爱玛诺桑觉寺劝导7. Walter Scott沃尔特斯科特17711832 (历史小说之父”)Father of history novels 罗伯罗伊 艾凡赫 The Victorian Period (1832-1900)Common sense and moral propreity, again became the predominant preoccupation. Critical realists were all concerned about the fate of the common peopl

15、e and everyday events.1. Charles Dickens查尔斯狄更斯18121870（批判现实主义小说家）critical realist writer 匹克威克外传 奥利弗特维斯特（雾都孤儿） 老古玩店 圣诞颂歌 董贝父子大卫科波菲尔 荒凉山庄艰难时世 双城记(London & Paris) 远大前程 我们共同的朋友 是英国19世纪小说繁荣时期最杰出的代表作家，影响遍及欧美以及世界各国。他那富有社会批判意义的现实主义小说不仅使英国文坛焕然一新，而且对世界文学的发展也产生了深远的影响。2. William Makepeace Thackeray威廉麦克匹斯萨克雷1811

16、1863 or a Novel without a Hero名利场(the name is an excerpt from by John Bunyan) 3. Charlotte Bronte夏洛蒂勃朗特18161855 简爱Jane Eyre, a plain little orphan, was sent to Lowood, a charity school. There she suffer a lot and 8 years later she left school and became a boverness at Thornfield Hall. There she fall

17、s in love with the master,Mr. Rochester.It is noted for its sharp criticism of the existing society, e.g. charity institution such as Lowood SchoolIt is a successful introduction to the first governess heoine in the English novel, whom represents those middle-class working women struggling for recog

18、nition of their basic rights and equality as a human being. 雪莉 教师 4. Emily Bronte艾米莉勃朗特18181854 呼啸山庄A story about two familie and an intruding stranger.【TheEarnshaw Family】Mr. Earnshaw, his wife, the son Hindley, the daughter Catherine, Heathcliff【The Linton Family】Mr.Linton, his wife, son Edgar, da

19、ughter Isabella 5. George Eliot乔治艾略特18191880 弗洛斯河上的磨坊 亚当比德 织工马南米德尔马契 6. Alfred Tennyson阿尔弗莱德丁尼生18091892（维多利亚时代最具代表性的伟大诗人）Poet Laureate （桂冠诗人） 悼念 To memorialize his friend 国王叙事诗7. Robert Browning罗伯特白朗宁18121889 我已故的公爵夫人 海外乡思Elizabeth Barrett Browing: 葡萄牙十四行诗8. Robert Louis Stevenson 金银岛 9. Thomas Hard

20、y托马斯哈代18401928（小说多以农村生活为背景；自然主义小说家。Wessex novels; novels of character and environment） Novels 德伯家的苔丝Theme:experience is as to intensity, and not as to duration 无名的裘德 绿荫下远离尘嚣 卡斯特桥市长还乡PoemsWessex Poems And Other VersesPoems Of The Past And PresentThe Dynasts 列国1. English Romanticism 英国浪漫主义a literary m

21、ovement that aimed at free expression of the writers ideas and feelings and flourished in the early 19th century England. A great representative of this movement is Percy Bysshe Shelley, the author of “Ode to the West Wind”.2. lake poets 湖畔诗人the three romantic poets who lived in the Lake District of

22、 England and wrote poems about nature. William Wordsworth was the most famous of the lake poets; he wrote many great nature poems, including “I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud”.3. poet laureate 桂冠诗人A poet honored for his artistic achievement or selected as most representative of his country or era; in En

23、gland, a court official appointed by the sovereign, whose original duties included the composition of odes in honor of the sovereigns birthday and in celebration of state occasions of importance. William Wordsworth became poet laureate in 1843.The Romantic PeriodRomanticism as a literary movement /

24、trend prevailed in England during the period of 1798-1832, beginning with the publication of William Wordsworths Lyrical Ballads (1798) in collaboration with S. T. Coleridge, ending with Walter Scotts death (1832).The Age of Wordsworth was decidedly an age of poetry.The glory of the age is in the po

25、etry of Scott, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Byron, Shelley, Keats, Moore, and Southey.Scotts prose works have attained a very wide reading.The novels of Jane Austen have slowly won a secure place in the history of English literature.The novel was already beginning to establish itself as the favorite liter

26、ary form of the 19th century.The drama was the only great literary form that was not adequately represented.II. 1. An expression of feelings of individuals “spontaneous overflow of powerful emotion”2. The emphasis on spontaneity A. free from rules B. artistic independence C. the impulse of Individua

27、lism3. Interest in nature A living nature is the primary poetic subject.4. The glorification of commonplace Subject: simple rustic life; outcasts; peasants, etc III. Great writers in this periodWilliam Wordsworth (1770-1850)English poet, who was a most accomplishment and influential poet on the succeeding English poet.Some of Wordsworths principal poems